【最新】九年级英语中考复习方案-介词课件

1、六、六、 介词介词复习要点复习要点一、常用介词的意义一、常用介词的意义二、常用介词的用法辨析二、常用介词的用法辨析三、中考英语常用介词短语三、中考英语常用介词短语知识概要知识概要 介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如：语补足语。例如：The boy The boy over thereov

2、er there is Johns brother. ( is Johns brother. (定语定语) )The girl will be backThe girl will be back in two hours in two hours. (. (状语状语) )Our English teacher isOur English teacher is from Australia from Australia. (. (表语表语) )Help yourself Help yourself to some fishto some fish. (. (宾语补足语宾语补足语) )难点链接难点

3、链接一、常用介词的意义一、常用介词的意义1.about 1.about a. a. 在各处；四处在各处；四处 b. b. 关于关于 2.2. afterafter a. a. 在在之后之后 b. b. 在在后面后面 alongalong 沿着沿着 ; ; 顺着顺着 asas 作为作为 ; ; 当作当作 among among a. a. 在在中间中间 b. b. 在（三者或三者以上）之间在（三者或三者以上）之间 atat a. a. （表示地点表示地点/ /位置）在位置）在 b. b. （表示时间）在表示时间）在时时刻）刻） c. c. （表示动作的目标和方向）表示动作的目标和方向） befo

4、re before a. a. 在在前面前面 b. b. 在在以前以前 behind behind 在在后面后面 below below 在在下面下面 一、常用介词的意义一、常用介词的意义10.beside 在在旁边旁边 ; 靠近靠近 11.between 在在 （两者）（两者） 之间之间 ; 在在中间中间 12. by a. 在在旁边；靠近旁边；靠近 b. 在在时间时间 c. （指时指时间）不迟于间）不迟于d. （用于被动语态）用于被动语态） 被被 e. （表示方法、手段）表示方法、手段） 用用 ; 由由 f. （指交通工具等）指交通工具等） 乘乘 ; 用用 13.down 沿着（沿着（ 街

5、道、河流）而下街道、河流）而下 14.during 在在的期间的期间 ; 在在过程中过程中 15.except 除除之外之外 16.for a. （表示方向）表示方向） 往；向往；向 b. （表示所属）表示所属） 的的 c. （表示时间距离）表示时间距离） 计；达计；达 d. （说明目的或用途）说明目的或用途） 为为17.from a. （表示起点）表示起点） 从从 ; 自自 b. （表示开始的时候）表示开始的时候） 从从起起 c. （表示距离）表示距离） 距距 ; 离离 d. （表示来源）表示来源） 来自来自难点链接难点链接一、常用介词的意义一、常用介词的意义18. in front of1

6、8. in front of 在在前面前面intointo a. a. （表示动作的方向）到表示动作的方向）到内；向内内；向内 b. b. （表示表示情况和结果的变化）变成情况和结果的变化）变成 in in a. a. （表示位置）在表示位置）在里里/ /内内/ /中中 b. b. 在在（时间）（时间） c. c. 穿穿 ; ; 戴戴 d. d. 在在（情况（情况 / / 状况）状况） 中中 e. e. 使用（语言）使用（语言）like like 像像 near near 在在附近附近 ; ; 靠近靠近of of a. a. （表示所属关系）表示所属关系）的的 b. b. （表示数量）表示数量

7、）的的 c. c. （表示其中）表示其中）off off （表示脱离）离开表示脱离）离开 25. on25. on a. a. 在在上面上面 b. b. 在在时刻时刻 c. c. 关关于于over over a. a. 在在上方（以上）上方（以上） b. b. 越过越过 c. c. 遍及遍及19.19.past past a. a. （指时间）过指时间）过 b. b. 走过某处走过某处 难点链接难点链接一、常用介词的意义一、常用介词的意义28.since 自从自从以来以来 29.through a. 穿过穿过 ; 通过通过 b. 从开始到结束从开始到结束 30.till 直到直到为止为止 31

8、.until 直到直到为止为止 32.up 在在 / 向向上面上面 33. to a. （表示方向）表示方向） 到到 ; 向向 b. （表示间接关系）表示间接关系） 给给 c. （表示钟点）表示钟点） 在在之之 34.with a. （表示具有）表示具有） 带有带有 ; 具有具有 b. （表示表示手段或方法）用手段或方法）用 ; 以以 c. （表示伴随）表示伴随） 与与一道一道 ; 和和一起一起 35.without 没有没有 36.round 环绕一周环绕一周 ; 围着围着 37. under 在在 / 向向下面下面难点链接难点链接难点链接难点链接二、常用介词的用法辨析二、常用介词的用法辨析

9、（1 1）表时间的介词）表时间的介词1 1）at, in onat, in on 表示时间点用表示时间点用atat。例如：。例如：at six oclock, at noon, at midnightat six oclock, at noon, at midnight。表示在某个表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用inin。例如：。例如：in the ninettenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in in the nin

10、ettenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoonthe afternoon等。表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用等。表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用onon。例如：例如：on Monday, on July 1on Monday, on July 1stst, on Sunday morning, on Sunday morning等。等。2 2）since, aftersince, after 由由sincesince和和after after 引导的词组都

11、可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但sincesince词组词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而afterafter词词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。例如：组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。例如：I havent heard I havent heard from him since last summer.from him since last summer. After five days the boy came back.A

12、fter five days the boy came back.3 3）in, afterin, after in in与将来时态连用时，表示与将来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后过多长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。间的词语。AfterAfter与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。AfterAfter与与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。例如：过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。例如：He will be back in He will be back in two month

13、s.two months. He will arrive after four oclock.He will arrive after four oclock. He returned after a He returned after a month.month.难点链接难点链接（2 2）表示地点的介词）表示地点的介词1 1）at, in, onat, in, on at at一般指小地方；一般指小地方；inin一般指大地方或某个范围之内；一般指大地方或某个范围之内；onon往往表示往往表示“在某个物体的表在某个物体的表面面”。例如：。例如：He arrived in Shanghai ye

14、sterday.He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. They arrived at a small village They arrived at a small village before dark.before dark. There is a big hole in the wall.There is a big hole in the wall. The teacher put up a picture on the The teacher put up a picture on the wall.wall.2 2）over, above, onove

15、r, above, on over, on over, on和和aboveabove都可表示都可表示“在在上面上面”，但具体含义不同。，但具体含义不同。OverOver表示位置高于某表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是underunder。 aboveabove也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是上方，其反义词是belowbelow。OnOn指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：There There is a bridge over the river.is a

16、 bridge over the river. We flew above the clouds.We flew above the clouds. They put some flowers on the They put some flowers on the teachers desk.teachers desk.3 3）across, throughacross, through across across和和throughthrough均可表示均可表示“从这一边到另一边从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同。，但用法不同。AcrossAcross的含义与的含义与onon有关，表示动作在某一物

17、体的表面进行。有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。ThroghThrogh的含义与的含义与inin有关，表示动作是在三维空有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行。例如：间进行。例如：The dog ran across the grass.The dog ran across the grass. The boy swam across the river.The boy swam across the river. They They walked through the forest.walked through the forest. I pushed through the crowds.I

18、pushed through the crowds.4) in front of, in the front of4) in front of, in the front of in front of in front of 表示表示“在某人或某物的前面在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；，在某个范围以外；in the front of in the front of 表示表示“在在的前部的前部”，在某个范围以内。例如：，在某个范围以内。例如：There are some tall trees in front of the There are some tall trees in fron

19、t of the building.building. The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroomThe teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.难点链接难点链接三、中考英语常用介词短语三、中考英语常用介词短语1.at :at night, at school, at home, at noon, at last, at least, at dinner, at work, at the table, at once, notat all, at the hospital,

20、at times , at the moment, at the end of, at the foot of, at a bad time of, at the meeting, at the beginning of, at the same time, at first /last, knock at/on, laugh at, look at, smile at, be good at, be angry at/with, be surprised at, at the age of , at the bottom of, have a look at2.by: by the way,

21、 by bus, one by one, day by day, by the end of, by hand3.in: in bed, in a while, in time, in a hurry, in front of, in the front of , in the end, in Japanese, in surprise, in hospital, in ones life, in a low voice, in no time, in the open air, in the day, in trouble, in line, in fact, in the sun, in

22、the middle, in all, arrive in/at, believe in, be interested in, do well in, be born in, be made in /of /from, in the newspaper/photo, believe in , spend in doing, drop in, in ones opinion, in the future, learn/know by heart三、中考英语常用介词短语三、中考英语常用介词短语4.on:on duty, on time, on top of, on the radio, on on

23、es way to, on the wallon foot, on bike, on the other side of, on show, on Sunday morningon that day, a talk on history, on holiday, depend on, hold on, operate on, put on, pass on, spend on, turn on, try on, later on, on ones opinion, spend on , put on, come on , depend on, on earth, on TV, on the e

24、dge of, on the left/right5.with: with a smile, with pleasure, with ones help, agree with, begin with, deal with/do with, fill with, helpwith, play with, talk with, catch up with, get on well with, be satisfied with, be busy with, have nothing to do with, be angry with sb., be pleased with sb., be st

25、rict with, write with, have a word with, make friend with, talk with难点链接难点链接三、中考英语常用介词短语三、中考英语常用介词短语6.to: to ones joy, to ones surprise, 6.to: to ones joy, to ones surprise, preferto, point to, write to , go to the cinema, go to school, be kind to, be able to, be afraid to do, compare to, get to, go

26、 to work , give ones life to , go to college, look forward to , next to , sell to, lend to, talk to7.of:lots of=a lot of , places of interest, all kinds of, 7.of:lots of=a lot of , places of interest, all kinds of, die of , hear of, a pair of, a couple of, of, be afraid of, be proud of, be sure of,

27、take care of, take hold of , be full of, take care of, a number of, best of all, first of all, instead of, hundreds/millions of , of course, think of,8.without:without money8.without:without money9.after:the day after tomorrow, look after ,after all9.after:the day after tomorrow, look after ,after a

28、ll10.for:for example, ask for, 10.for:for example, ask for, leave for, send for, pay for, wait for, be late for, for long , get ready for, be bad for, for a long time , be famous for, look for, go for a walk, thanks for难点链接难点链接三、中考英语常用介词短语三、中考英语常用介词短语11.before: the day before yesterday11.before: the

29、 day before o: break into, 12.into: break into, knockinto, change into13.round/around : come round, show around, look around14.off : fall off , hurry off, take off, turn off, put off15.behind : fall behind16.from: be from, come from, hear from, learn from, stopfrom, from now on, be di

30、fferent from, borrow from, buy from17.out : find out, sell out, try out, wear out, pullout of, look out of, put out , work out, come out, get out of, go out, sell out, 难点链接难点链接三、中考英语常用介词短语三、中考英语常用介词短语18.like : look like, sound like, feel like19.up: look up, put up, send up, wake up, pullup from, eat

31、 up, come up, give up, get up, grow up, pick up, ring up, sell up , set up, stand up20.down: take down, turn down, write down, go down, close down, look down, sit down21.about : think about, what/how about, hear about, worry about22.away: take away, put away, far away, go away, run away, throw away2

32、4.over: look over, think over, all over, over there25.as: the same as, be famous as26.through: go through, look through难点链接难点链接正误辨析正误辨析1. 误误 We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak. 正正 We got to the top of the mountain at daybreak. 析析 at用于具体时刻之前，如：用于具体时刻之前，如：sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midn

33、ight, night。2.误误 Dont sleep at daytime 正正 Dont sleep in daytime. 析析 in 要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：in the morning / afternoon, 或或 in the week / month / year. 或或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。等等。3.误误 We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon. 正正 We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon.

34、析析 in the morning, in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为面的介词都要改为on, 如：如：on a cold morning, on the morning of July 14th4.误误 He became a writter at his twenties 正正 He became a writter in his twenties 析析 这句话应译为：他在这句话应译为：他在20多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词介词in来表示

35、，而在具体岁数时用来表示，而在具体岁数时用at来表示。来表示。5.误误 He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old. 正正 He went to New York to find a job at sixteen. 析析 在具体年岁前用在具体年岁前用at, 如：如：at the age of 12， at your age， 等等。等等。6.误误 We went to swim in the river in a very hot day. 正正 We went to swim in the river on a very ho

36、t day. 析析 具体某一天要用介词具体某一天要用介词on, 又如：又如：on New Years Day正误辨析正误辨析7. 误误 Im looking forward to seeing you on Christmas. 正正 Im looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas. 析析 在节日的当天用在节日的当天用on，而全部节日期间用，而全部节日期间用at,Christmas是圣诞节期是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。8.误误 I havent see you during the summer holid

37、ays. 正正 I havent seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays. 析析 during表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：配，如：I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而而for表示一段时表示一段时间，可以用于完成时，如：间，可以用于完成时，如：I havent see you for a long time. 而而through 用来表示时间时则为用来表示时间时则为整整，全部的时间整整，全部的时间。如：。如：I

38、t rained through the night.而而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。10.误误 In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.正正 At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.析析 at the beginning与与at the end都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而均不指时间范围，而

39、in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。则是指开始一段时间。in the endat last是指是指最终，终于最终，终于之意。之意。正误辨析正误辨析11. 误 Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 正 By the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 析 by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，其意思为不迟于某一时刻将工作做完，所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：Ill be there by five oclock.而ti

40、ll则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：I wont finish this work till(until) next weekend.12.误 He came to London before last weekend. 正 He had come to London before last weekend. 正 He came to London two weeks ago. 析 before 一般要与完成时连用，而ago则与一般过去时连用。13.误 I have studied English for three ye

41、ars since I had come here. 正 I have studied English for three years since I came here. 析 since用来表达主句动作的开始时间，所以其引出的从句中应为过去时，而不能用完成时态14.误 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours. 正 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours. 析 中文经常讲两小时之后来取，两天内会修好，而这个介词在英文中要用

42、in而不要用after。其原因有二，after 多用于过去时，如：I arrived in New York. After three days, I found a job in the bank. after 加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围，如：after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时，一定要用介词in。正误辨析正误辨析15. 误 Three days after he died. 正 After three days he died. 正 Three days later he died. 析 after 与 later都可以用来表

43、达一段时间之后，但它们所处的位置不同，after 在时间词前，而later在时间词后。16.误 She hid herself after the tree. 正 She hid herself behind the tree. 析 after多用来表达某动作之后，所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词，如：I run after him. After finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而behind则多用于静态事物之后。17.误 There is a beautiful bird on the tree. 正 There is a beauti

44、ful bird in the tree. 析 树上长出的果实，树叶要用on, 而其他外来的人、物体均要用in the tree.18.误 Shanghai is on the east of China. 正 Shanghai is in the east of China. 析 在表达地理位置时有3个介词：in, on, to。 in表示在某范围之内; on表示与某地区接壤；to则表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east of China. 19.误 I arrived at New York on July 2nd. 正 I arrived in New York on

45、July 2nd. 析 at用来表达较小的地方，而in用来表达较大的地方。at常用于at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village。正误辨析正误辨析20. 误 He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road. 正 He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road. 析 在门牌号码前要用at, 并要注意它的惯用法：at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at th

46、e top of the page。21.误 There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall. 正 There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall. 析 在屋内的角落应用in，而墙的外角用at，如：There is a tree at the corner of the street.22.误 This weekend Ill stay in Uncle Wangs. 正 This weekend Ill stay at Uncle Wangs. 析 要注意英文的特殊表达法，如：at a

47、 tailors shop (裁缝店)at a tailors, at the doctors (去看病) at the booksellers (在书店) at uncle Wangs (在王叔叔家)23.误 Do you know there is some good news on todays newspaper? 正 Do you know there is some good news in todays newspaper? 析 在报纸上的新闻要用in, 而在具体某一版上，或某一页上则要用on。24.误 The school will begin on September 1st

48、. 正 School will begin on September 1st. 析 这里的school应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程，即开学之意。要注意，有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词，如：at table (吃饭)， When I came to Toms home, they were at table. 还有： at desk (学习)，at work (工作) at school (上学)， in hospital (住医院) at church 作礼拜如加上定冠词则另有他意，如：at the school 即在学校工作或办事，in the hospital 即在医院工

49、作或去看望病人。正误辨析正误辨析25. 误 In my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time. 正 On my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time. 析 译文为：在去车站的路上我买了份报纸，为的是消磨时光在的路上应用on ones way。而 in the way 有挡道之意，如：Please move the chair it is in the way。26.误 Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke

50、into. 正 Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke in. 正 Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke into the office. 析 in是表达一个静止状态，在与break连用时其后不加介词宾语，而into则是动态介词，与break连用时要加介词宾语。27.误 Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow. 正 Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai. 正 Ill leave for Shanghai. 析 leave for 是离开

51、某地去某处的固定搭配，不可将for改为别的介词。这样的搭配还有：start for 动身前往某处，set out for， sail for。28.误 Im sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop. 正 Im sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop. 析 get in, 与 get out是两个相反的词组。get in 为上车，而get out为下车，但语法家认为这里的in与out为副词，所以其后不能接名词，我们可以讲Wed better get in. 或Wed better get

52、 out. 还有一组词组有关上下车：get onoff(a train, a ship, a struck) get intoout of (a car, taxi)正误辨析正误辨析29. 误 Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero. 正 Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero. 析 over 与 above 在作为比某物高的意思时有时可以互换。但在垂直方向上的高矮时，即正上方时则要用above.而泛

53、指上方时用over.30.误 There is an old stone bridge above the river. 正 There is an old stone bridge over the river. 析 over还有一意为跨越，横跨。31.误 The Dead Sea is under the sea level. 正 The Dead Sea is below the sea level. 析 在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲above与below互为反意词，over与under也是反意词。32.误 There is a big tree in the front of t

54、he house. 正 There is a big tree in front of the house. 析 in front of 是在物体外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物体内部的前面，如：The driver sits in the front of the bus.33.误 It took them two days to walk across the forest. 正 It took them two days to walk through the forest. 析 across 作为介词有两个主要意思： 横过，如：I want to walk acro

55、ss the street. 对面，如：There is a post office across the street,而through 多用于三维空间中的穿越。across则多用于平面上的横过。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.正误辨析正误辨析34. 误 The sun sets toward the west. 正 The sun sets in the west. 析 towards也可用作toward，它主要表达朝向某方向运动，但不一定到达，如：He ran toward(s) the mountain.

56、而在表示方位east, west, north, south 时，其前面要用in。要注意的是这4个词可以用作副词，如：I went south. 也可用作名词，如：I went to the south.也可用作形容词，如：I went to the south part of China.35.误 Do you have no other clothes except those? 正 Do you have no other clothes besides those? 析 beside 是在旁边，如：The students stood beside their teachers.而be

57、sides是除之外，不仅而且，除了以外还有， 如：I studied English besides French, when I was in college. 而except 则是从同一类物体中去掉某一部分，如：I come here every day except Sunday. 而except for 是指去掉不同种类的事物，如：The room is clean except for two chairs. 而except that则要加从句。36.误 Can I write the exam paper with ink? 正 Can I write the exam paper

58、 with a pen? 正 Can I write the exam paper in ink? 析 with后要加拿得起来放得下的工具，而墨水、颜料等原料则要用in。正误辨析正误辨析37. 误 Im earlier today. I came here by his car. 正 Im earlier today. I came here in his car. 析 在交通工具前加介词by，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。by taxi=in a taxi by train=in a train by bicycle=on a bicycleby ship=on a s

59、hip by boat=in a boat by bus=on a bus by plane=on a plane by air 空运 by land 陆运 by sea 海运 on foot on horseback by phone by letter by radio by air mail by hand38.误 A lot of French wines are made of grape. 正 A lot of French wines are made from grape. 析 made of 是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用from,如：

60、The desk was made of hard wood.39.误 This is a good dictionary in English grammar. 正 This is a good dictionary on English grammar. 析 关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词，其中on表示某专业用书，about则为某方面的普通读物，如：This is a book about physics.即物理科普知识。正误辨析正误辨析40. 误 Do you have the key of the door. 正 Do you have the key to the door. 析