必修1 Unit 4

1、Unit 4 Earthquakes【诵读【诵读积累积累】 (2011福建高考福建高考)为纪念汶川大地为纪念汶川大地震三周年震三周年, 某英文报发起关于灾区新貌某英文报发起关于灾区新貌的征文活动。请根据图片提示的征文活动。请根据图片提示, 以以“Great Changes”为题为题, 用英语写一篇短文应征。用英语写一篇短文应征。内容要点如下：内容要点如下：1. 某中学灾后三年来的变化某中学灾后三年来的变化, 如教学与活动场所如教学与活动场所, 以及师生精以及师生精神面貌等；神面貌等；2. 发生变化的原因；发生变化的原因；3. 你的感想。你的感想。Great Changes I am deepl

2、y impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years. On May 12, 2008, a severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in the school. It is now, however, taking on a new look. Tall buildings have been put up, including classrooms and laboratory buildings, an

3、d a library. There is also a newly-built standard playground. In the new environment, teachers and students are living happily and working hard. It is really amazing that the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school, full of life. Obviously, without the help of the whole society

4、, there would be no new school today. It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes. We can work wonders if we unite as a family, caring for each other and helping those in need. Union is strength. 【尝试运用【尝试运用】词汇翻译词汇翻译呈现新面貌呈现新面貌 _搭造；建起搭造；建起 _新建的新建的 _一度成为废墟的一度成为废墟的 _take on a new lo

5、okput upnewly-builtonce-ruined充满生机充满生机 _引发；带来引发；带来 _创造奇迹创造奇迹 _相互关心相互关心 _句型改写句型改写(1)用用witness改写句改写句_ _full of lifebring aboutwork wonderscare for each otherMay 12, 2008 witnessed a severe earthquake, destroyingalmost everything in the school.(2)用用amazingly改写句改写句_(3)用用It is obvious改写句改写句_ _It is obvio

6、us that without the help of the whole society, therewould be no new school today.Amazingly, the once-ruined place has now been turned into abeautiful school, full of life. 单词盘点单词盘点核心速记核心速记1. _ (vi. ) 爆裂；爆发爆裂；爆发 (n. ) 突然破裂；爆发突然破裂；爆发2. _ (n. ) 事件；大事事件；大事3. _ (n. ) 废墟；毁灭废墟；毁灭 (vt. ) 毁灭；使破产毁灭；使破产burstev

7、entruin4. _ (adj. ) 极度的极度的5. _ (vt. ) 破坏；毁坏；消灭破坏；毁坏；消灭6. _ (vt. &vi. ) (使使)震惊；震动震惊；震动 (n. ) 休克；打击；震惊休克；打击；震惊7. _ (n. &vt. ) 援救；营救援救；营救8. _ (vt. ) 使陷入困境使陷入困境 (n. ) 陷阱；困境陷阱；困境9. _ (n. ) 灾难；灾祸灾难；灾祸extremedestroyshockrescuetrapdisaster10. _(vt. ) 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏埋葬；掩埋；隐藏11. _ (n. ) 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处12. _ (n.

8、 &vt. ) 损失；损害损失；损害13. _ (n. ) 裁判员；法官裁判员；法官 (vt. ) 断定；判断；判决断定；判断；判决14. _ (vt. ) 表示；表达表示；表达 (n. ) 快车快车, 速递速递buryshelterdamagejudgeexpress联想串记联想串记15. _ (vt. ) 损害；伤害损害；伤害_(n. ) 伤害；损害伤害；损害 _ (adj. )受伤的受伤的16. _ (n. ) 电；电流；电学电；电流；电学_ (adj. )用电的；用电的；带电的带电的_ (adj. )与电有关的；电学的与电有关的；电学的17. _(vt. ) 使惊吓；吓唬使惊吓；吓唬_

9、 (adj. ) 受惊的；受受惊的；受恐吓的恐吓的_(adj. )令人恐惧的令人恐惧的18. _ (n. ) 祝贺；祝贺；(复数复数)贺词贺词_ (vt. )祝贺祝贺injureinjuryinjuredelectricityelectricalelectricfrightenedfrightenfrighteningcongratulationcongratulate. 短语互译短语互译1. 轻视；认为轻视；认为没价值没价值 _2. 仿佛；好像仿佛；好像 _3. 掘出；发现掘出；发现 _4. 集资；筹款；募捐集资；筹款；募捐 _think little ofas ifdig outraise

10、 money5. right away _6. at an end _7. in ruins _8. a (great) number of _9. in the open air _10. give a speech _立刻；马上立刻；马上结束；终结结束；终结严重受损；破败不堪严重受损；破败不堪许多；大量的许多；大量的在户外在户外作演讲作演讲. 句型透视句型透视1. too. . . to. . . 太太以至于不能以至于不能In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were _ _(太紧张而不敢吃东西太紧张而不敢吃东西). 2. It

11、seems as if. . . 看起来好像看起来好像_(看起来好像看起来好像)the world was at an end！toonervous to eatIt seemed as if3. “leave+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”的被动语态的被动语态Thousands of families were killed and many children _ _(成了孤儿成了孤儿). 4. all. . . not. . . 并非所有的并非所有的都都_(不是所有的希望不是所有的希望)lost. were leftwithout parentsAll hope was not. 语篇完

12、形语篇完形 Before Tangshan earthquake, strange things happened. A 1. _ gas came out from the cracks of wells and animals became 2. _. At 3: 42 am, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at 3. _ end. In fifteen seconds, a large city lay in 4. _, and the number of people 5. _ or killed re

13、ached more than 400, 000. Water, food and electricity were cut 6. _ and the railway tracks were uselesssmellynervousanruinsinjuredoffpieces of steel. But 7. _ hope was not lost. The soldiers were sent to help the 8. _ workers. The trapped were dug out, the dead were 9. _ and the shelters were built.

14、 Slowly the city began to 10. _ again. allrescueburiedbreathe1. 选用框中词汇的适当形式完成句子选用框中词汇的适当形式完成句子 bury；rescue；burst into；a great number of；at an end (1)The police _the room and took the young man away. (2)_ in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left. burst intoBuried(3) _new factories hav

15、e been set up in my hometown. (4)The firemen _ five children from the burning house yesterday. (5)The war was finally _and the peace came at last. A great number ofrescuedat an end2. 选用句型透视中的句式仿写句子选用句型透视中的句式仿写句子(1)由于日程紧张由于日程紧张(tight), 他一度因过度疲劳而不能继续工作。他一度因过度疲劳而不能继续工作。_(2)看来好像很快就要有一场大雨。看来好像很快就要有一场大雨。_

16、(3)你为什么让客人站在那儿你为什么让客人站在那儿? _Because of the tight schedule, he was once too tired to continuehis work.It seems as if there will be a heavy rain soon.Why did you leave the guests standing there?核核心心考考点点end短语短语3年年1考考a number of3年年1考考as if3年年6考考1. burst vi. 爆裂；爆发；突然闯入爆裂；爆发；突然闯入 n. 突然破裂；爆发突然破裂；爆发(1)burst

17、 in/into闯入；突然破门而入闯入；突然破门而入burst out突然迸发；爆发突然迸发；爆发burst out crying/laughingburst into tears/laughterburst with anger/joy勃然大怒勃然大怒/乐不可支乐不可支(2)a burst of一阵一阵突然哭起来突然哭起来/笑起来笑起来On hearing that he was elected to attend the conference, the street sweeper burst into laughter with joy. 当听说被选参加这次会议时当听说被选参加这次会议时

18、, 这位街道清扫工高兴地笑了起来。这位街道清扫工高兴地笑了起来。Everyone was quiet when Jenny suddenly burst out crying. 大家都没出声大家都没出声, 珍妮突然大哭起来。珍妮突然大哭起来。With _ _ _ laughter, Wang Xifeng _ _ the room, whose flattering words made Mrs. Jia _ _ joy. 随着一阵笑声随着一阵笑声, 王熙凤突然走进了房间。她的一席谄媚的话说得王熙凤突然走进了房间。她的一席谄媚的话说得贾母乐不可支。贾母乐不可支。aburst ofburst i

19、ntoburst with【助记【助记】 burst的多层含义的多层含义2. ruin n. U毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；常用复数常用复数废墟；遗迹废墟；遗迹 vt. (使使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产 (1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟成为废墟come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃毁灭；灭亡；崩溃bring . . . to ruin 使使毁灭；使毁灭；使没落；没落； 使使破产破产(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin ones pleasure/fame 毁坏某人的乐趣毁坏某人的乐

20、趣/声誉声誉With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in ruins. 随着岁月的流逝随着岁月的流逝, 曾经非常漂亮的城堡现在是一片废墟。曾经非常漂亮的城堡现在是一片废墟。The old farm has long been abandoned and come to ruin. 这家农场很早就已废弃了这家农场很早就已废弃了, 成了废墟。成了废墟。The bad weather had ruined my pleasure for the holiday. 糟糕的天气毁掉了我度

21、假的好心情。糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。【辨析【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空理解下列区别并选词填空ruin 表示表示“毁灭毁灭, 毁坏毁坏”, 是指在一定过程中逐渐对是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏物体进行破坏, 使其毁灭。也可用于抽象意义使其毁灭。也可用于抽象意义damage 表示表示“损害损害, 损坏损坏”, 通常是指对物体的部分的通常是指对物体的部分的损害损害, 往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降低低, 但这种破坏具有可修复性。但这种破坏具有可修复性。 damage也可用也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词, 作名

22、词时与作名词时与介词介词to搭配搭配, 如如cause damage todestroy 表示表示“毁坏毁坏”, 通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭, 其功能其功能无法或难以修复无法或难以修复, 也可用于损坏抽象的东西也可用于损坏抽象的东西, 如如名誉、计划、契约等名誉、计划、契约等Thousands of houses were seriously _ by the storm, and the repair work would last half a month. The whole city was completely _ in the sudden flood, leavin

23、g nothing to the native people. The constant rain in the north of China this summer has _ cash crops such as cotton and peppers. damageddestroyedruined3. bury vt. 掩埋；埋葬；使专心掩埋；埋葬；使专心, 使沉浸；隐藏使沉浸；隐藏(1)be buried in 埋头于；专心于埋头于；专心于be buried in thought沉思沉思(2)bury oneself in study埋头研究；专心学习埋头研究；专心学习bury ones

24、 face in ones hands双手掩面双手掩面(2012湖北高考湖北高考)The document was discovered buried in the university archives (档案档案). 这个文件被发现藏在大学的档案中。这个文件被发现藏在大学的档案中。由于他埋头于书本由于他埋头于书本, 他不知道外面下雨了。他不知道外面下雨了。(一句多译一句多译) his books, he didnt know it was raining outside.a. _ _ _ _ _b. _ _ _ _ _c. _ _ As he buried himself inAs he

25、was buried inBuried in【助记【助记】【想一想【想一想】表示表示“专注于某事专注于某事”的动词短语还有哪些？的动词短语还有哪些？【参考答案【参考答案】be absorbed in, be devoted to, be lost in, focus on, concentrate on等。等。4. at an end 结束；终结结束；终结My holiday is at an end and I must go back to work tomorrow. 我的假期结束了我的假期结束了, 明天我得回去工作了。明天我得回去工作了。Laura, with a sigh, had

26、to admit that the romantic part of her first friendship was at an end. 劳拉叹了口气劳拉叹了口气, 只得承认她的第一次友谊的浪漫阶段已结束。只得承认她的第一次友谊的浪漫阶段已结束。【拓展【拓展】补全下列短语补全下列短语_ the end of 在在的尽头的尽头/ /末端末端( (指时间指时间 或空间或空间) )_ the end of 到到时候为止时候为止 ( (常与完成常与完成 时态连用时态连用) )_ the end 最后；终于最后；终于_ to an end 结束结束_ sth. to an end 结束结束make

27、(both) ends _ 使收支相抵；量入为出使收支相抵；量入为出atbyincomeput/bringmeet5. a (great) number of许多；大量的许多；大量的(2011广东高考广东高考)I observed a number of intelligent children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a regular class. 我观察过许多被从特殊班选出来我观察过许多被从特殊班选出来, 放进普通班的聪明的孩子。放进普通班的聪明的孩子。【辨析【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空理解下列区别并选词填

28、空a number of, the number of相同点相同点a number of 意为意为“若干若干, , 许多许多”, , 其后其后接名词复数。用作主语时接名词复数。用作主语时, , 谓语动词一般用复数形式谓语动词一般用复数形式 都可用都可用large, small等修饰等修饰the number of 意为意为“的数量的数量”, , 其后其后接名词的复数或具有复数意接名词的复数或具有复数意义的名词。用作主语时义的名词。用作主语时, , 谓谓语动词一般要用单数形式语动词一般要用单数形式Now _ _ _ college graduates are seeking to get a h

29、igh-paid job. But _ _ _ posts available for them is often not enough. a number ofthe number of【参考答案【参考答案】表示表示“许多许多, 若干若干”的短语的用法的短语的用法 a(great/good/ large) number of(1)修饰可数名词修饰可数名词 a good/great many 谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数 quite a few【想一想【想一想】还有哪些表示还有哪些表示“许多许多, 若干若干”的短语的短语, 它们修饰它们修饰的名词作主语时的名词作主语时, 谓语动词用什么形式？谓

30、语动词用什么形式？ a good/great deal of a large amount of quite a little(2)修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数(3)修饰可数或修饰可数或不可数名词不可数名词 a lot of/lots ofa(large) quantity of(large)quantities ofplenty ofquantities of后谓语动词用后谓语动词用复数形式；其他短语后谓语动复数形式；其他短语后谓语动词用的形式取决于词用的形式取决于of后的名词后的名词6. It seemed as if the world was at an e

31、nd! 仿佛到了世界末日！仿佛到了世界末日！as if(=as though)在句中引导表语从句；也可以引导状语从句。在句中引导表语从句；也可以引导状语从句。 类类型型 表语从句表语从句 接在动词接在动词look, seem之后之后 状语从句状语从句 接在常见的实义动词之后接在常见的实义动词之后 从从句句 语语气气 时时态态 陈述语气陈述语气 所述的是真实的或极有可能发生所述的是真实的或极有可能发生的的 虚拟语气虚拟语气 所述不真实或极少有可能发生所述不真实或极少有可能发生 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 过去时过去时(be动词用动词用were) 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 过去完成时过去完成

32、时(had done) 与将来事实相反与将来事实相反 过去将来时过去将来时(would/could/might do) It looks as if it isnt clean enough to swim here. 看起来这儿的水好像不干净看起来这儿的水好像不干净, 不宜游泳。不宜游泳。It seems as if he knew the secret. 他看上去好像知道这个秘密。他看上去好像知道这个秘密。(2011湖南高考湖南高考)Jack wasnt saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he _ _ (do) some

33、thing very clever. 杰克没说什么杰克没说什么, 但是老师向他微笑但是老师向他微笑, 好像他之前做的是明智之好像他之前做的是明智之举似的。举似的。had done【高考链接【高考链接】(2012北京高考北京高考)Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel. A. is B. were C. has been D. had been【解析【解析】选选B。考查虚拟语气。句意：不要把那个花瓶当作是。考查虚拟语气。句意：不要把那个花瓶当作是钢铁做的那样处理。钢铁做的那样处理。as if引导的是状语从句引导的是状语从句, 从句中用虚拟语从句

34、中用虚拟语气；与现在事实相反的虚拟语气气；与现在事实相反的虚拟语气, 应用一般过去时。在虚拟语应用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中气中, 常用常用were代替代替was。7. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。不是所有的希望都破灭了。(1)当当not与与all, both, complete, each, every, everyone, everything, whole等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时, 无论无论not的位置如何的位置如何, 皆表示不完全否定皆表示不完全否定, 意为意为“并非都并非都”。(2)no, n

35、one, no one, neither, nothing, nowhere等表示完全否定。等表示完全否定。(2010天津高考天津高考)Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. 我的一生中我的一生中, 印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。All my friends do not study well. 并不是我所有的朋友都学习好。并不是我所有的朋友都学习好。_ _(变为同义句变为同义句)_(变为完全否定变为完全否定)Not all my

36、 friends study well. /All my friends dont studywell.None of my friends study well.【高考链接【高考链接】(2010江西高考江西高考)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _ like swimming as a means of keeping fit. A. something B. anythingC. nothing D. everything【解析【解析】选选C。句意：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健。句意：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式康的方式, 没有

37、什么能比得上游泳了。根据句意可知没有什么能比得上游泳了。根据句意可知, 空格处空格处需要一个表示完全否定意义的词需要一个表示完全否定意义的词, 所以选用所以选用nothing。【想一想【想一想】not除了和具有全部意义的一些不定代词或形容词除了和具有全部意义的一些不定代词或形容词连用表示部分否定外连用表示部分否定外, 还可以和哪些词连用表示部分否定？还可以和哪些词连用表示部分否定？【参考答案【参考答案】表示部分否定的其他形式表示部分否定的其他形式not与与always, altogether, completely, everywhere, entirely, totally, wholly等

38、具有总括意义的副词连用时等具有总括意义的副词连用时, 皆表示部分否定。皆表示部分否定。A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom. 有学问的人并不一定都是有智慧的人。有学问的人并不一定都是有智慧的人。Its not altogether bad. 这并非完全不好。这并非完全不好。I dont wholly agree with him. 我并不完全同意他的看法。我并不完全同意他的看法。注意：只要表示注意：只要表示“全体全体”意义的词与否定词连用意义的词与否定词连用, 都表示部分否都表示部分否定。定。1. injure vt. 损害；伤害损害；

39、伤害(1)injured adj. 受伤的受伤的the injured 伤员伤员(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害伤；伤口；伤害do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人伤害某人(2011湖北高考湖北高考) The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin (海豚海豚) was swimming. 那位年轻妇女进入那个水池那位年轻妇女进入那个水池, 一头受伤的海豚正在水池里游动。一头受伤的海豚正在水池里游动。 In that accident, most of the passeng

40、ers got _ and he suffered serious _ to arms and legs. Luckily, the _ were sent to the hospital in time. 在那场事故中在那场事故中, 大部分乘客都受伤了大部分乘客都受伤了, 他的胳膊和腿都受了重他的胳膊和腿都受了重伤。幸运的是伤。幸运的是, 伤者都被及时送往医院。伤者都被及时送往医院。injuredinjuriesinjured2. shock vt. & vi. (使使)震惊；震动震惊；震动 n. 休克；打击；震惊休克；打击；震惊(1)be shocked to do sth. 做某事很震惊

41、做某事很震惊be shocked at. . . be shocked that. . . (2)shocking adj.令人吃惊的令人吃惊的(3)a shock to. . . 一件让一件让吃惊的事情吃惊的事情对对感到震惊感到震惊He was taken to hospital suffering from shock. 他因休克被送进医院。他因休克被送进医院。People were _ to see that the UFO was flying over the city. The _ news _ all the people around, which was also a gre

42、at _ to people all over the country. 人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行。这人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行。这个令人震惊的消息震动了周围的人们个令人震惊的消息震动了周围的人们, 也震动了全国各地的也震动了全国各地的人们。人们。shockedshockingshockedshock3. rescue n. vt. 援救；营救援救；营救Tom rescued a boy from the river on his way home. 汤姆在回家的路上从河里把男孩救了起来。汤姆在回家的路上从河里把男孩救了起来。The police

43、came to his rescue and sent him home. 警察来救他警察来救他, 并把他送回了家。并把他送回了家。【归纳【归纳】填写适当的介词填写适当的介词rescue. . . _. . . 把把从从营救出来营救出来come _ sb. s rescue (= rescue sb. )援救某人援救某人fromto4. express vt. 表示；表达表示；表达 n. 快车；速递快车；速递She expressed her satisfaction with the work. 对这项工作对这项工作, 她表示满意。她表示满意。Perhaps I have not expre

44、ssed myself very well. 我大概未把自己的意思表达清楚。我大概未把自己的意思表达清楚。【归纳【归纳】写出下列短语写出下列短语_ 表达某人对表达某人对的满意的满意_ 表达自己的思想表达自己的思想express ones satisfaction withexpress oneself. 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空1.His family business was _(ruin)in the Great Depression of the early 1930s. 2. Many students are _(trap) in the burning buil

45、ding. 3. After finishing my homework, I wandered into the dining room where you were _ (bury) under piles of law books. 4. This lock is _(damage). This door will never open! ruinedtrappedburieddamaged5. The man was too _(frighten)to stand up. 6. We sent our _(congratulate)to her when she passed the

46、exam. 7. In my _(judge), it is a wise choice. 8. I wish you success in the future _(sincere). 9. I wish to _(expression) my delight on this occasion. 10. The pleasant and charming environment of the city makes many tourists _ (burst)into it. frightenedcongratulationsjudgmentsincerelyexpressburst. 完成

47、句子完成句子My uncle will go to China to visit the Great Wall _. (end)在今年年底在今年年底, 我叔叔要去中国参观长城。我叔叔要去中国参观长城。2. The mother, along with her two children, _ the sinking boat by a passing ship. (rescue v. )妈妈和两个孩子被一艘过往船只从这艘正在下沉的船上救了出妈妈和两个孩子被一艘过往船只从这艘正在下沉的船上救了出来。来。at the endof this yearwas rescued from3. _, they were eager to wait for resc