人教版初三(上)英语第4讲：UNIT2语法篇(教师版)

1、Unit 2语法篇、由that,if和whether引导的宾语从句1 .由陈述句充当宾语从句时，这个宾语从句由that引导，在口语中that可以省略。I hear(that) she's going to give you a call.注意：(1)宾语从句要用陈述句语序。I believe that she has left the city.(2)如果主句是一般过去时，从句则只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时)。 I said that it was time we were setting out.(3)如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理、自然现象或公式、定理、

2、谚语、名人名言等，则用一般现在时。 He said that light travels faster than sound.2 .由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，该从句由if/whether引导，且从句要用陈述句语序。 He asked if/whether they needed any help.温馨提示：if和whether引导的宾语从句时，一般情况下可以互换，但要注意下列情况：(1)宾语从句至句首时 用 whether 。 Whether it is true or not,I can 't say. (2) 介 词 后用whether .It depends on whethe

3、r you can do the work well. (3)与不定式连用whether 。He can't decide whether to accept or refuse. (4)当与 or not 连用时用 whether。二.what和how引导的感叹句1 .感叹句句型结构(1) what引导的感叹句的中心词时名词。该名词前常有形容词修饰，句中的主语和谓语一般可省去。句型结构为：what(+a/an)+形容词+名词(主语+谓语)！What a cold day(it is) today! What delicious food(it is)!What引导感叹句中的名词若为单

4、数可数名词，要用不定冠词a/an,而不用the;若为复数或不可数名词，则不用冠词。(2) how引导的感叹句的中心词时形容词或副词。其句型结构为：how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！或how+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！How cold it is today! How happy the children are!2.陈述句改为感叹句常使用“一断二加三换位”的方法：(1) “一断”，即在谓语动词后边断开，把句子分成两部分She isa beautiful girl. He works hard.(2) “二加"，即如果第二部分的第一个词为形容词、副词，就加上 how;

5、如果是名词(词组)，就加 上 what。 She is (what) a beautiful girl. He works (how) hard.“三换位”，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹句。 What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works!易错易混全解bring,carry,fetch 与 takebring表示"拿来，带来”，指从别处把某物带来。它表示单程，与 take的方向相反。This little girl brought me here.(2)carry表示“携带，搬运”，有“负担”的含义，它指从一地到另

6、一地的运动，但不说明动作的方向。 The box is too heavy for me to carry.(3)fetch表示“去取来，去请来” ，指到别处去把某物取来，或把某人接来。它表示往返，指双程。 He rushed home to fetch his raincoat. Run and fetch the doctor, please .(4)take表示“拿走，带走”，指把某物从说话者所在地拿走，或把人带走。它指单程，与 bring的方 向相反。Take the letter to the post office.I want to take some books to the

7、classroom. Could you help me, please1. The cat on the kitchen floor when I came in.A. was lyingB. was layingC. liedD. lay2. 一 Can you spare time to come to our Thanksgiving party?一 Well, I don ' t knowA. that I can finish my work by thenB. if can I finish the work by thenC. whether I can finish

8、the work by thenD. that can I finish the work by then3. fine weather it is today!A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How4. I' ve decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering you could go with me.A. ifB. whenC. thatD. Where5. Mother told me sound slower than light.A. traveledB. travelC. travelsD.

9、 traveling解析：1. A 由句意“当我进来时，猫正卧在厨房的地板上”可知，此处应用过去进行时，lie (躺)的现在分词为lying ,故选Ao2. C 由句意“你能抽时间参见感恩节聚会吗？我不太确定那是我能不能完成我的工作。且宾语从句中从句为陈述句语序，故选Co3. C weather为不可数名词，故用 what引导感叹句且不用冠词 a。4. A 句意：我已经决定下周末去伦敦。我想知道你是否能和我一起去。故选 Ao5. C句意：妈妈告诉我声音传播得比光慢。宾语从句所述内容为客观真理时，其时态要用一般现在时，故选Co基础演练从方框中选择合适的词完成句子，注意词形的变化put on, l

10、ay, treat, lie, steal, end up, spread, tie1. Kate ate five meals a day during the summer vacation. She has 8 pounds.2. I am going to myself to a new pair of shoes.3. Santa Claus love and joy everywhere he goes.4. If he doesn't make a change, he will in prison.5. She the baby down gently on the b

11、ed last night.6. Clothes were all over the floor.7. We've found out he'd been from us for years.8. Common gifts for Father's Day are shirts and.答案：1.put on 2. treat 3. spreads 4. end up 5. laid 6. lying 7. stealing 8. Ties巩固提高一.将下列句子改为感叹句，每空一词。1. The weather is fine.it is!2. The stories

12、are very boring. the stories are!3. The building is so tall. tall building it is!4. Tom is running very fast. Tom is running!5. The boy is very lazy. the boy is! 答案：What fine weather How boring 3. What a 4. How fast 5. How lazy 二.将下列句子合并成含宾语从句的复合句。1. The girl dances very well. I believe.2. They will

13、 visit the Great Wall next Friday. I ' m sure. r3. Can Mike speak Chinese? I wonder.Is she washing clothes at home? Nobody knows.5. You should say hello to her. I think.答案：1. believe (that) the girl dances very well.2. I' m sure (that) they will visit the Great Wall next Friday.3. I wonder w

14、hether / if Mike can speak Chinese.4. Nobody knows whether / if s he is washing clothes at home.5. I think (that) you should say hello to her.一.选择填空。1. I've enjoyed to talk with you.A. to he ableB. being ableC. to been ableD. of being able2. Does it matter it rains tomorrow?A. thatB.weatherC. if

15、D.as3. food you've cooked!A. How niceB.What niceC. How a niceD.What annice4. It is a time for.A. remembering loved ones who have departedB. remember loved ones who have departedC. to remember loved ones who have departedD. have remembered loved ones who have departed5. The little girl who on the

16、 bed to her mother that the old hen hadtwo eggs.A. lay; lay; liedB. lied; lied; liedC. laid; laid; laidD. lay; lied; laid6. Let me know you can come or not.A. whetherB.whenC. howD.what7. great day! Let' s go out to have a picnic.A. What aB.WhatC. HowD.How a8. You will be late for school you don

17、' t get up early.A. butB.ifC. andD.or9. A lot of trees around here every year, and we can enjoy fresher air now.A. were plantedB.are plantedC. will plantD.are planting10. What nice model planes! Can you show us you make them?A. whetherB.howC. whyD.which11. I don't know.A. what time the movie

18、 startsB. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts12. The doctor asked me how long.A. was I illB. have I been illC. I have been illD. I had been ill13. The weather forecast doesn' t say.A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will r

19、ain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrow14. Do you know?A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong toD. whom the pen belong to15. Could you tell me where?A. the tape wasB. was the tapeC. the tape isD. is the tape答案：BCBAD AABBB ADCBC.完型。Mother's Day is a time of commemorat

20、ion （2己念）and celebration for Mom. It is a time of breakfast in bed, family gatherings, and crayons scribbling "I Love You".The earliest Mother's Day celebrations can be dated 1 to the spring celebrations of ancient Greece in honor of Rhea, the Mother of the Gods. During 2, England cele

21、brated a day called "MotheringSunday". "Mothering Sunday" honored the mothers of 3 . In the United States Mother's Day was first suggested in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe. In 1907, Anna Jarvis, from Philadelphia, began a campaign （ 运动） to establish （建立）a 4 Mother's Day. Ms Jar

22、vis persuaded （ 说服）her mother's church in Grafton. West Virginia to celebrate Mother's Day on the second anniversary （ 周年纪念日）of her mother's 5 , the 2nd Sunday of May. And the next year Mother' s Day 6 in Philadelphia. Ms Jarvis and her supporters began to 7 officials, businessmen, a

23、nd politicians in their quest to establish a national Mother' s Day. It was successful. 81911 Mother's Day was celebrated in almost every 9.President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, announced Mother's Day as a national holiday that was to be held on the 2nd Sunday of May each year.While many co

24、untries of the world celebrate their own Mother's Day at 10 throughout the year, there are some countries such as Denmark. Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium which also celebrate Mother's Day on the second Sunday of May.1. A. upC. from2. A. 1620's C. the 1620s3. A. AmericaC.

25、England4. A. public C. traditional 5. A. die C. dyingB. backD. downB.1620sD. the 1620'sB. worldD. GreeceB. commonD. nationalB. deathD. Dead6. A. was celebratedC. had celebrated7. A. callingC. telephone8. A. ByC. Before9. A. cityC. state10. A. timesC. different times答案：BCCDB ABACCB. celebratedD.

26、had been celebratedB. write toD. send e-mails toB. InD. AfterB. countryD. placeB. the same timeD. another time、根据汉语提示完成句子1 . -Helen, do you know if Martin -I think he will come if heA. will come; will beC. comes; is2 .clever the boy is!A. HowB. What to my party next week? _ free.B. will come; isD. c

27、omes; will beC. What aD. How afor Australia?B. when do you leaveD. when you will leave3. Have you decided A. when will you leaveC. you will leave when4. Can you tell me A. where does Torn live C. Tom lives whereB. where Tom livedD. where Tom Lives5. The old man asked meA. where was the cinemaB. wher

28、e is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema6. Do you know he's married?A. ifB. whatC. whenD. where7. I didn't know he will come or not.A. that B. whetherC. weatherD. how8. I wonder.A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes

29、 costD. how much are these shoes cost9. She asked me.A. who he wasB. who was heC. who is he10. Ask himA. whose cup this isC. this is whose cup答案：D. who he isB. whose cup is thisD. whose is this cupBADDC ABCAA（2015年人教版九年级上期中测试题）二.完形填空。I have a very useful dictionary. It has a lot of words. It gives m

30、any meanings for 1 word. But I always read the first meaning of a word in the dictionary. I never read the other meanings, because I wanted to read my book 2 This morning, 3 I was reading a book, I met a strange sentence. It looked 4 first. The sentence had six words:" Draw a picture of your ho

31、use" I know five words in this sentence, but I didn't understand one word. I 5 "draw". I opened my dictionary and 6 the first meaning of "draw". It was" pull". I said to myself " Now I know all the words, and I think I can understand the sentence."SO

32、I wrote the meaning of the sentence" Pull a picture of your house."I read it, and" What is the meaning of it.'? I don't understand it."My friend Dick read my new sentence. He laughed. He picked 7 my dictionary, and said to me.Look, Jack. The second meaning of draw' is

33、' make a picture 8 a pen, a pencil 9 brush'. Sothe sentence means: Make a picture of your house." 11 understood! I thoughtDick was wonderful.And 110_knew how to use my dictionary.()1.A. someB. anotherC.eachD. the other()2.A. quicklyB. quickC. slowD. slowly()3.A. howB. whoC. whatD. when(

34、)4.A. difficultB. hardlyC. easyD. easily()5.A. don't knowB. didn't knowC.knewD. know()6.A. looked forB. discoveredC. foundD. invented()7.A. byB. outC. upD. with()8.A. useB. withC. onD. by()9.A. or aB. and aC. andD. or()10. A. at lastB. at the beginningC. at the endD. at first答案：CADCB CCBAA三.

35、阅读理解。AAround the world, people have different traditional foods to celebrate different festivals. Traditional foods also show a new year of good luck and good health.An English Christmas dinner has a meal of turkey, and it also includes pies and plum puddings ( 李子布丁 ). In Germany, Christmas is celeb

36、rated with bread, cookies and cakes, which are made like Christmas trees. In France, Christmas dessert is a cake filled with butter cream.In southern parts of India, there is a three-day festival in mid-January called Pongal. It includes rice and a dish of rice cooked with sugar that is shared with

37、families and friends.Japan celebrates New Year with a seven-day festival. It begins from January 1st. Food is prepared before the festival so people don ' t need to cook during the festival. On New Year's Day, various dishes calledOsechi Ryori （ 御节料理） are served each dish is a wish for the N

38、ew Year.In most Asian countries, the New Year begins with the first full moon of the first Chinese Lunar （ 阴历的 ） month. Each place has its special food to welcome the coming year: People in China prepare their food ahead of time to avoid the possibility that using a knife during New Year's time

39、might "cut luck". Foods with lucky names are popular, such as fish, which sounds like "surplus（ 剩余 ）".1. What do you learn from the passage?A. People have different traditional foods to celebrate different festivals.B. New Year begins from January 10th in Japan.C. In France, Chri

40、stmas dessert is a cake filled with butter.D. Traditional foods only show a new of good luck.2. What did a three-day festival in mid-January in southern parts of India?A. Christmas.B. Pongal.C. New Year.D. Lantern Festival.3. In Japan, people all like eating on New Year's Day.A. turkeyB. dessert

41、C. Osechi RyoriD. dumplings4. The underlined word "various" in Paragraph 4 can best be replaced by "".A. different B. same C. expensive D. few5. The underlined word "possibility" in Paragraph 5 probably means "" in Chinese.A. 必须性B. 必然性C. 可变性D. 可能性答案： ABCADBThe

42、 Spring Festival is celebrated not only in China but also in other parts of the world. The traditional holiday is the most important to Chinese both home and abroad.United KingdomCelebrations for Spring Festival in the UK started in 1980, with the first evening party held in 2002.Every New Year, peo

43、ple get together and have a lot of activities. They sing songs, dance to music, share photos with friends or enjoy films in a cinema.United StatesSpring Festival has become a key time for Chinese living or working in the US. They join in a large evening party to welcome the traditional New Year. It

44、is a good chance for people to build a circle of friends and feel that they are not alone because they share the same culture and values.AustraliaThe Chinese New Year will be welcomed with three weeks of celebrations across Australia. Many people come to Sydney s Chinatown or Little Bourke in Melbourne. They enjoy fireworks, lion dances, dra