高考英语第一轮语法代词复习1

1、语法复习语法复习 代词代词(1)Aims and demands: 代词的类别。代词的类别。1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词及关系代词的用法。及关系代词的用法。分类人人称称人称代词人称代词反身代词反身代词物主代词物主代词主主 格格宾宾 格格形容词形容词性性名词性名词性 一一单单 数数复复 数数 二二单单 数数复复 数数三三单单数数阳阳 性性阴阴 性性中中 性性复复 数数Iweyouyouhesheittheymeusyouyouhimheritthemmyselfourselvesyou

2、rselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselvesmyouryouryourhisheritstheirmineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs指示代词指示代词相互代词相互代词关系代词关系代词连接代词连接代词不不定定代代词词 this / that , these / those , such, sameeach other , one another who , whom , whose , that , which, what, etcwho , whom , whose , what , which what , wha

3、tever , which , whichever , who , whoever, etcsome , any , every , no , (+ -one/body/thing) all , both , each , either , another , other , neither , none , (a) few , (a) little , one , etc.一、人称代词一、人称代词.人称代词的人称代词的主格作主语主格作主语，宾格作动词宾语、介宾格作动词宾语、介词宾语和表语词宾语和表语。1) _(they) are our close friends. 2)Jim told _

4、(we) to leave _(he) alone. 3) - Who is knocking at the door? - Its_( I ). 4) _(I )will go with _(she).Dont place so much pressure on _(they).TheyushimmeI herthemI we you you he she it they me us you you him her it them 2.在在than, as引起的从句中，引起的从句中，如不跟其他词，常如不跟其他词，常可用人称代词的宾格可用人称代词的宾格,如跟其他词如跟其他词,则必须用则必须用人

5、称代词的主格人称代词的主格Tom 比她更聪明。比她更聪明。Tom is more intelligent than her/she (is).露西学习比我勤奋。露西学习比我勤奋。Lucy works harder than me/I (do).3.在电话用语中常用主格。在电话用语中常用主格。-I wish to speak to Mary. -This is _（she）.she4.在在简短对话简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后多用宾格。后多用宾格。-Have more wine? -Not me.- I like English. -Me too.5.在介

6、词在介词but, except后后,有时可用主格也可用宾有时可用主格也可用宾格。格。Nobody knows him except I/me.1 你、我和她将负责这起案件。你、我和她将负责这起案件。2 张先生让我和李华去帮他忙。张先生让我和李华去帮他忙。注意：注意：两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：单两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：单数：二数：二 三三 一（人称）；复数：一（人称）；复数： 一一 二二 三（人称）。宾三（人称）。宾格也一样。格也一样。在下列情况中，第一人称放在前面。在下列情况中，第一人称放在前面。a. 在承认错误，承担责任时，在承认错误，承担责任时，It was

7、I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰惹她生气了。是我和约翰惹她生气了。b. 在长辈对晚辈，长官对下属说话时，如长官为第一人在长辈对晚辈，长官对下属说话时，如长官为第一人 称，称， 如：如：I and you try to finish it.c. 当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时。当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时。 You, she and I will be in charge of the case.Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.几个人称代词的特殊用法。几个人称代词的特殊用法。we/you(口

8、语口语)常用来泛指一般人常用来泛指一般人 she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。The “Titanic” was the largest, wasnt she?二、物主代词二、物主代词形容词性物主代词只作定语形容词性物主代词只作定语,也就是一定要名词也就是一定要名词 my our your his her its their1._(they) parents are workers.2. He broke_ (he) arm while playing football with the children. 3. Please put away_( you

9、) books. 4. Have you seen _(I) pen? I cant find it.Their hisyourmy名词性物主代词名词性物主代词可作主语、宾语、表语和与可作主语、宾语、表语和与of连用作定语。连用作定语。mine ours yours his hers its theirs1.It is not our classroom. _(we) is on the second floor.2.She didnt bring her pen, so I gave her _(I ).3. The newly - bought computer is not _(he),

10、 its _(she).4. She is a friend of _ (they).Ours minehisherstheirs注意注意:在汉语中，在汉语中，“我的我的”，“你的你的”这类词有时可以这类词有时可以省掉，英语中物主代词一般不省掉。省掉，英语中物主代词一般不省掉。请把作业本交上来请把作业本交上来. .他拿起帽子他拿起帽子, ,离开了房间离开了房间. .不要把手放进袋子里不要把手放进袋子里. . do ones homework in ones spare time in ones twentiesHand in your exercise-books, please.He pic

11、ked up his cap and left the room.Dont put your hands in your pockets.三、反身代词三、反身代词myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselves1.一般情况下，主语和宾语是同一人时，宾语用反身代词一般情况下，主语和宾语是同一人时，宾语用反身代词 1.我自学英语我自学英语. 2.他给自己买了辆小汽车他给自己买了辆小汽车.I teach myself English.He bought himself a car.a. 有些动词可有反身代词有

12、些动词可有反身代词bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, b. 用于某些及物动词短语中用于某些及物动词短语中 take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to, etc. 2.反身代词常和某些动词连用。反身代词常和某些动词连用。be oneself 处于正常状态，显得自然处于正常状态，显得自然enjoy oneselfhelp oneself to随便吃用随便吃用come to oneself苏醒苏醒make oneself at home别客气别客气dress oneself

13、in = be dressed inseat oneself = be seateddevote oneself to = be devoted to专心于；专心于；忠诚于；孝顺；献身于忠诚于；孝顺；献身于3. 用于某些固定短语。用于某些固定短语。by oneself: 自己一个人干（不要别人帮助），自己一个人干（不要别人帮助）， for oneself: 替自己，替自己， 为自己为自己 in oneself: 本身本身between ourselves: 私下说的话（不可告诉别人）私下说的话（不可告诉别人）to oneself: 供自己用供自己用我可以自己做这事我可以自己做这事.I can

14、do it_.她为自己买了条裙子她为自己买了条裙子.She bought a dress_.这本身不是个坏主意这本身不是个坏主意.This is not a bad idea_. 这是我们私底下说的话这是我们私底下说的话.All this is_.她有一间属于自己的房间她有一间属于自己的房间.She had a room_. 我这几个星期身体一直不太好我这几个星期身体一直不太好.by myselffor herselfin itselfbetween ourselvesto herselfI havent been myself for weeks.1. This is not my coat

15、. _ is newer than this one. 2. Jim held a party last night. All _ friends came and _ enjoyed _.3. -Who cooks for _ when _ mother is out? -Nobody. I cook for_.4. Bob hurt _. _parents took _ to the hospital.5. This is not her bike. _ is broken. Nobody can help _ to mend_, so _ must mend it all by _.Mi

16、ne HershistheythemselvesyouyourmyselfhimselfHis himheritsheherself综合练习一四四 相互代词相互代词相互代词只有相互代词只有each other和和one another两个词组。两个词组。 他们表示句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及他们表示句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及的各个的各个 对象之间是相互存在的，例如：对象之间是相互存在的，例如：It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other.显而易见，不同文化的人

17、总是相互借鉴的。显而易见，不同文化的人总是相互借鉴的。 五五. 指示代词指示代词: this, that, these, those, such, samethis (these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物； that (those)常指时间或空间较远的人或物。常指时间或空间较远的人或物。This is my desk and that is yours.In those days they could not go to school.These days we are very busy.this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；常指后面要讲到的事物，

18、有启下的作用； that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。I want to tell you this: the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday. Thats why he didnt come.尤其在比较句型中；如果这个名词是单数可数名词，用尤其在比较句型中；如果这个名词是单数可数名词，用one/ the one的时候更多一些。的时候更多一些。为了避免重复，常用为了避免重复，常用that或或those代替前面已提过的名词代替前面已提过的

19、名词The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.特指：特指：it 同名同物同名同物 that同名异物（单数可数同名异物（单数可数/不可数名词）不可数名词） the one单数可数单数可数 those-复数复数泛指：泛指：one单数可数；单数可数； ones复数复数后面接有后面接有of短语，用短语，用that或者或者those区分几个替代词区分几个替代词1)These machines are better than _we tu

20、rned out last year. 2)The oil output in 2001 was much higher than _of 1986.3)My room was brighter than _next door.4)The weather of Australia is quite different from _of China.thosethatthe onethatthis 和和that 有时还可以用来表示程度有时还可以用来表示程度,译成译成“这么；这么；那么那么” I only have this much. Is it enough? I never thought

21、an opera can be that interesting. that 的的 其它一些词组其它一些词组.1.like that 这样这样 eg: Dont do it like that.2. that is (to say). 也就是说也就是说 Well have summer holiday this day next week,that is (to say), next Thursday. 3. thats all 就这些就这些 eg: Just dont do it again, thats all. 4. now (that) 既然既然eg: Now that dinner is ready, wash your hands. such和和same的用法。的用法。such指指“这样的这样的”人或事，在句中作主语和定人或事，在句中作主语和定语。语。Such was the story.We have never seen such a tall building.same指指“同样的同样的”人或事，在句中作主语、人或事，