高中英语选修6第一单元知识点、语法及练习

1、中英语选修6第一单元知识点、语法及练习第一单元知识点1.abstract1) adj.深奥的,抽象的e.g.Beautyisabstractbutahouseisnot.2) v.提炼，抽取；概括，写摘要e.g.Rubberisabstractedfromtrees.e.g.Heisabstractingastoryforabookreview#在为一篇书评撰写故事摘要。3) n.anabstractofalectur屋个演讲的摘要2 .WouldyouratherhaveChineseorWestern-stylepaintingsinyourhome?wouldratherdosth情愿做

2、一e.g.Iwouldratherstayathometoday.wouldrathersbdosth青愿sb做一e.g.Iwouldratheryoucameheretomorrow.wouldratherdosththandosth=woulddosthratherthandosth=prefertodosthratherthandosth=preferdoingsthtodoingsthe.g.Iwouldrathergowithyouthanstayhere.=Iwouldgowithyouratherthanstayhere.=Iprefertogowithyouratherthan

3、stayhere.=Iprefergoingwithyoutostayinghere.3 .faithn.信任，信仰breakone'sfaithwithsb.对某人不守信用keepfaithwith忠于信仰；守信havefaithin相信，信任losefaithin不再相信ingoodfaith老实地；诚恳地e.g.Ikeptfaithwithhim.我信守了对他的诺言。Hewholosesfaith,losesall失去信心的人，失去所有。faithfuladj.忠诚的，可靠的befaithfulto对一忠诚4 .consequentlyadv.所以，因止匕e.g.MrFoster

4、hasneverbeentoChina.Consequently,heknowsverylittleaboutit.consequentadj.作为结果的，随之发生的consequencen结果asaconsequence/result=inconsequenceasaconsequence/resultof=becauseofe.g.Shewasfoundguilty,andlostherjobinconsequence(ofit).5 .aimA.1)n.目标(C)e.g.Whatisyouraiminlife?你生活的目的是什么？withoutaim无目的的/无目标的achieveone

5、saim达至U目标missonesaim打不中目标(U)对准，瞄准takeaimate.g.Thehuntertookaimatthelion.2)v.(以枪等)对准，瞄准aimataimatthetarget=takeaimatthetarge®准靶子e.g.Heaimedhisgunatthetiger,firedbutmissedit.aimlessa.无目标的,无目的的Sheledanaimlesslife.B.打算,计划，以一为目标，立志做aimatdoing=aimtodo瞄准,力求做到，力争达到e.g.Harryaimsatbecomingadoctor./Harrya

6、imstobecomeadoctor.6.evidentadj.明白的，明显的e.g.Theapplausemadeitevidentthattheplaywasahit.Itisevident(obvious)(tosb)thate.g.It'sevidentthatyouaretired.n.evidence证据;证明inevidence=evident明显的7 .realistic现实主义的，逼真的，现实的inamorerealisticway以一种更逼真的形式realism现实主义realist现实主义者realadj.真的realizev.实现8 .adoptvt.1） .采

7、取;采纳;吸收e.g.Aftermuchdeliberation,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.2） .过继，收养（+as）e.g.Mr.Kernadoptedtheorphanashisownson.3） .正式通过，接受e.g.Theagendawasadoptedaftersomediscussion.adoptedadj.被收养的，被采用的anadoptedchild9 .possess用作动词时，不能用于进行时。1） “有，拥有"e.g.Thelibrarypossessesanumberoftheartistearlywo

8、rks.2） “具有的特质"bepossessedofsthS为“具有某种品质或特征”3） “支配，控制“e.g.Hewaspossessedbythedesiretoberich.possessionc贝才产，所有物（常用复数）personalpossession就人贝才产e.g.Theringisoneofhermostvaluablepossessions.ul占有，拥有Take/get/have/gainpossessionof占领，夺取inpossessionof（表主动）占inthepossessionof=inone'spossession（表被动）被占有e.g

9、.Heisinofthehouse他拥有这套房子。Thehouseisintheofhim.这套房子在他的占有之下。10 .convincevt.“使确信；使信服”convincesb.todosth.说®某人做convincesbofsthconvincesb+that从何使某人确信某事e.g.Heconvincedmeofhissincehty.他使我确信他的真诚。Iwasconvincedthathewassincere.sb.beconvincedofsthsb.beconvincedthat某人确信。11 .attemptv.尝试，企图，努力去执行或完成attemptdoi

10、ng反复尝试做attempttodo企图做attempttodo/doing=trytodo/doinge.g.Iattemptedtospeakbutwastoldtobequiet.n.1）企图或努力2）袭击；攻击anattemptonsomeone'slife寸某人生命的攻击makeanattempttodosth/atdoingsth尝试做atonesattempt在尝试下one'sfirstattempt初次尝试e.g.Shemadeanattempttocookthedinne她试着做这顿饭。12.ontheotherhand另一方面，相当于一个副词。常与onone

11、han她用。Ononehand-ontheotherhandK方面另一方面e.g.Thisjobisnotwellpaid,butontheotherhand,Idorrthavetoworklonghours.Ononehand,Ineedacomputer,butontheotherhand,Id6nhaveenoughmoney.athand在手边，在附近byhand用手的，手工的gohandinhandwith与共同行动13.figure1）外形;体形;人影e.g.Isawafigureinthedarkness.2）体态;风姿e.g.Shehasaslenderfigure.3）人物

12、;名人e.g.Hehasbecomeafigureknowntoeveryone.4）数字e.g.Wheredidyougetthosefigures?14.1）aggressiveadj.敢作敢为的；有闯劲的；侵略性的;好斗的e.g.Heisveryaggressive他生性好斗。anaggressivesalesman干劲彳艮大的售货员aggressiveweapons攻击性武器2)aggressivelyadv.气势汹汹地3)aggressionn侵略(行动)aggressorn.侵略者15.intheflesh活生生，本人，亲自fleshn.肌肉；肉e.g.Haveyoueversee

13、nJayChouintheflesh?见过周杰伦本人吗？fleshandblood肉体，血肉之躯e.g.Thoughheisahero,heisstillfleshandblood.loseflesh减肥gain/putonflesh增肥flesh-eating食肉的16.preference1)更加的喜爱偏爱UC(+for)e.g.Awindowseatismypreferenc哦喜欢靠窗的座位。2)偏爱的事物(或人)Ce.g.Whichisyourpreference,teaorcoffee?3)偏袒U(+for)e.g.Parentsshouldnoshowpreferenceforan

14、yoneoftheirchildren.4)优先(权);优惠权UCinpreferenceto优先于haveapreferencefor偏爱e.g.Ihaveapreferenceforclassicmusic.I'dchoosethesmallcarinpreferencetothelargerone.17 .appealvi.1)呼吁，恳求appealtosbforsth.e.g.Heappealedtomeforhelp.2)诉诸，求助(+to)e.g.Wewillappealtoavarietyofsourcesofinformation.3)有吸弓I力,迎合爱好(+to)e.

15、g.TheideaappealedtoMary.4)【律】上诉(+to/against)e.g.Heappealedagainstthefive-yearsentencehehadbeengiven.18 .reputationn.名誉，名声(+for)e.g.Thestorehasanexcellentreputationforfairdealing.Cheatingatthegameruinedthatplaygsreputation.liveuptoone'sreputation不负盛名loseonesreputation失去盛名winahighreputation赢得彳艮高的声

16、誉19 .morethan+名词意为“不仅仅”e.g.Jasonismorethanalecturer;heisawriter,too.1) morethan徽词，意为“超过”相当于over,其反义词组为lessthane.g.Therearemorethantwohundredpeopleinthepark.2) “moretha叶形容词/副词”是“很”或“非常”的意思。e.g.Iammorethancontentwithwhatyousaid我对你的讲话十分满意。3)在“more.than.”结构中，肯定“more”后面的内容而否定“than”后面的部分，常译为“是而不是”或“与其说不如说

17、。e.g.Hearingtheloudnoise,theboywasmoresurprisedthanfrightened.听到这巨大的声响，男孩与其说是害怕不如说是感到很惊讶。20.contemporary1)adj.当代的；同时代的；同年龄的e.g.HislectureisoncontemporaryAmericannovelists.Hehasfurnitureofcontemporarystyle.becontemporarywith与同时代e.g.WasJonsoncontemporarywithShakespeare?森是否与莎士比亚同辈?2)n.C同时代的人，同年龄的人；同时期的

18、东西；当代人，现代人e.g.Hewaslookeddownuponbyhiscontemporaries被他的同时代的人瞧不起。1. Youhavetobe.Anybodylikeyouwithoutanyexperienceisnotlikelytobegivenabigsalaryevenifyougraduatefromafamousuniversity.A.true;realisticB.realistic;practicalC.practical;realisticD.real;realistic2. Sculpturesaresomethingbuttheconceptstheyd

19、emonstrateare,whichtakeswisdomtounderstandA.real;subtractB.concrete;abstractC.realistic;subscribeD.specific;conventional3. Havefaithyourself,befaithfulyourworkandmakeeveryeffortyoucanandthenyouarenotfarawayfromsuccess.A.of;ofB.in;inC.to;inD.in;to4. PlowingthefieldisthemeanstogrowcropsinChina,typical

20、theChinesefarmingforthousandsofyears.A.controversial;withB.traditional;inC.conventional;ofD.contemporary;to5. Strictmeasureshavetobetoprotectchildrenfromfamilyabuses.A.adapted;adoptedB.adopted;adoptedC.adjusted;adjustedD.attached;adopted6. Studentsaregivenalotofexercisestodo,toimprovetheirgrades.A.a

21、imedB.aimingC.tobeaimedD.toaim7. Nobodyknowsforsurewhopossessedtheancientflowervase.Inotherwords,nobodyknowsforsurewhoisoftheflowervase.s experieA.inpossessionB.inthepossessionC.ofthepossessionD.withpossession8. Thestoryistotallymadeup.Ifithappenstobeanyoneareheretoapologize.A.bycoincidence;similart

22、oB.byaccident;incoincidencewithC.bychance;bycoincidencewithD.X;incoincidenceto9. Whethereuthanasia乐死）shouldbemadelegalhasbeeninthelawcircleformanyyears.A.conventionalB.controversialC.potentialD.experimental10. Itisridiculousofyoutobeafraidofyourown,whichfollowseverywhereyougowhenthereislight.A.shade

23、B.shadowC.figureD.sculpture11. Ihaveheardofthefamousscholarthousandsoftimesbuthaventseenhim_A.inthefleshB.inpersonalC.infleshD.inprivate12. AllvisitorswereamazedattheskillsandtheartistwhencarvingthefigureonthemarbleA.technologies;showedB.techniques;displayedC.technology;madeD.technique;displayed13.

24、Insuchasituation,wehavetobecarefulofwhatwesayandwhatwedo.A.delicateB.fragileC.weakD.flexible14. Itasuperbmindtopredictwhatwillexactlyhappeninthefuture.A.takesB.costsC.spendsD.makes15. Itstillremainsamysterywhysomepeoplearecertainflowerfragrancewhileothersarenot.A.allergictoB.accustomedtoC.addictedto

25、D.appealingto16. EgyptahighreputationofancientcivilizationacrosstheworldA.likesB.appreciatesC.enjoysD.isfondof17.oftimeandenergyhasbeenspentinmakingtheearthquake-strickenareasapermanentmuseumtoremindpeoplehowdisastrousanaturaldisastercanbe.A.LargequantitiesB.AgreatdealC.AgoodmanyD.Aplenty18. Thegirl

26、tofigureoutwhattheboy'sattemptwasbygivingherabunchcrosesbutwithoutsuccess.A.managed;XB.succeeded;onC.attempted;atD.tried;on19. Visualteachingaidstostudentsandhelpthemlearnbetterbuttheyshouldnotbeoverusedinclass.A.attract;ontheotherhandB.appeal;ontheotherhandC.holdinterest;onotherhandD.areinteres

27、ted;ononehand20 .exhibitsmadeofclayonexhibitionhavetobetakenspecialcareofthemfrombeingdamaged.A.Delicate;preventingB.Fragile;tostopC.Weak;tokeepD.Faint;keeping21 .Theoldmanenjoyscollectingsignaturesofcotemporaryfamouspeoplefamouspaintings.A.withpreferenceofB.inpreferencetoC.inpreferenceforD.withpref

28、erenceto22.Thedistrictcommitteehavingabigheadacheinwiththeaggressiveboyswhomaketroublenowandtheninthearea.A.is;dealingB.are;dealingC.is;doingD.are;doing23. Pleasegiveusaexplanationwhyyouhavedonesoingeometryinschool.A.specific;to;wellB.concrete;for;goodC.general;to;wonderfulD.specific;to;good24. -1he

29、arthereisanartgalleryaroundhereandcouldyoutellmehowtogettoit,sir?-Itis207ontheFifthAvenue.Walkdownthisstreetandyou.A.on;can'tmissitB.at;can'tavoiditC.on;can'tescapeD.at;can25. Studentsareburdenedwithtoomuchexercises,theirschoolgrade.A.aimingtoimproveB.aimingatimprovingC.aimedtoimproveD.a

30、imedtoimproving虚拟语气一、基本含义：虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。二、用法：（一）用于非真实条件旬1.条件句：1）真实条件句指假设的情况有可能发生的条件句，用陈述语气。2）非真实条件句指假设的情况是过去或限制都不存在的，或将来也不大可能发生的，用虚拟语气2.if条件句的主句和从句的谓语动词形式如下:if条件句主句例句与现在事实相反动词过去式（be用were）would/could/should/might+V原IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.（我不是你）IfIknewhi

31、stelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.（我不知道）与将来事实相反动词过去式（be用were）should+V原Ifhecame/shouldcome/weretocomeheretomorrow,Ishould/wouldtalktohim.（他来的可能性很小）wereto+V原【学以致用】（2012湖南高考）Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfItime,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.Had（二）用于宾语从句1.动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气wish后的宾语从句中谓

32、语的形式例句与现在事实相反的愿望动词的过去式（be用were）IwishthatIknewsomethingaboutprogramming.与过去事实相反的愿望过去完成式Theywishthattheyhadn'ttoldittous.将来的愿望would/could/should/might+V原Iwishhecouldcometomorrow.【学以致用】（2011北京高考）Wherearethechildren?Thedinneisgoingtobecompletelyruined.Iwishtheyalwayslate.D. wouldn't have beenA.w

33、eren'tB.hadn'tbeenC.wouldHtbe2 .表示主观意愿的动词后，后面宾语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略如：suggest建议require要求demand要求insist坚持要求order/command命令e.g.Hesuggestedthatwe（should）setadeadlineforthecompletionoftheplan.Theyrequirethatparking（should）beallowedhere.他们要求允许在止匕处停车。Heinsistedthatshefastenhersafetybelt.

34、他要求她系好安全带。注：suggest表示“表明.暗示"、insist表示“坚持某一说法”时、后宾语从句用陈述语气。e.g.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewasquitesatisfied.他脸上的表情表明他很满意。Heinsistedthathehadnotstolenthecarandnsistedthathe（should）besetfreeatonce.他坚持说自己没有偷那辆汽车，并坚持要求立刻释放他。【学以致用】（2013陕西高考）Mymomsuggeststhatweeatoutforachangethisweekend.A.shouldB

35、.mightC.couldD.Would3 .wouldrather后的宾语从句用虚拟语气现在或将来的愿望wouldrather+主语+动词过去式IwouldratherheJeftnow.Iwouldratherhecameearliertomorrow.与过去事实相反的愿望wouldrather+主语+动词的过去完成式IwouldratherIhadnotliedyesterday.（事实上昨天撒谎了）【学以致用】（2010江苏高考）Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,but'dratherhemoreonitsculture.A.focusB