高二英语选修三单元语法虚拟语气

1、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设,该语法主要该语法主要用于用于if条件状语从句条件状语从句,也可用于也可用于主语从句、主语从句、 表语表语从句、宾语从句从句、宾语从句等。等。虚拟语气虚拟语气条件从句条件从句条件从句的谓语形式条件从句的谓语形式主语的谓语形式主语的谓语形式与过去相反与过去相反If I (you, he/she, they, we )+had +过去分词过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分过去分词词与过去相反与过去相反2.如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。 If I

2、_time last night, I _ to see the film with you .If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday.主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间, 这时主这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同而不同, 这叫做混合条件句这叫做混合条件句.例句中从句与过去事实相反例句中从句与过去事实相反, 主句与现在事实相反主句与现在事实相反条件从句条件从句条件从句的谓语形式条件从句的谓语形式主语的谓语形式主语的谓语形式与与现在现在相反相反If I

3、(you, he/she, they, we )+动词过去式动词过去式should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形与与现在现在相反相反What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery,I wouldIf I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.If I _a teacher, I.条件从句条件从句条件从句的谓语形式条件从句的谓语形式主语

4、的谓语形式主语的谓语形式与与将来将来相反相反If I (you, he/she, they, we )+动词过去式动词过去式If I (you, he/she, they, we )+should+动词原形动词原形If I (you, he/she, they, we )+were to+动词原形动词原形should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形与与将来将来相反相反If you succeeded, everything would be all right.If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If

5、you were to succeed, everything would be all right.If he got up early, he would be on timewishIn Subjunctive moodI wish every day were my birthday.I wish / wished I hadnteaten so much watermelon.与过去事实相反与过去事实相反+would /could/ might +do(将来不大可能实现的愿望将来不大可能实现的愿望 )He behaves as if he owned the house.( But

6、he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.)He talks about Rome as though hehad been there himself.主语从句主语从句中的虚拟语气中的虚拟语气在句型在句型 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that . ” 中，中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形动词原形 例句例句Its necessary that

7、 we should have a walk now. 我们有必要出去散散步。我们有必要出去散散步。 Its natural that she should do so. 她这样做是很自然的。她这样做是很自然的。1.Its important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 虚拟语气虚拟语气几个特例几个特例1. if only 意为：若是意为：若是.那该多好啊那该多好啊; 真希望真希望.; 只要只要, 只要只要.就好就好 表示现在的情况表示现在的情况,应用过去式应用过去式; 如果是

8、过去的情况如果是过去的情况,应应用过去完成时态用过去完成时态 If only I had arrived in time! If only she didnt drive so fast.2. Its (high/right) time that that 从句要用虚拟语气：从句要用虚拟语气：过去时或过去时或should + do Its time that you left/should leave here.3. 一些介词短语一些介词短语, 如如:but for(要不是要不是), without, otherwise(否则否则), 等等表示含蓄的条件表示含蓄的条件,这时主这时主句要用虚拟语

9、气句要用虚拟语气 Without your help, we would not have made such rapid progress. But for my brothers help, I would not have finished it on time. I had to do sth.more important,otherwise I might have helped.虚拟语气虚拟语气几个特例几个特例Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would

10、miss D. missed2.It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy.He would be still alive today if he _ that drug.A.not take B.shouldnt have takenC.didnt take D.hadnt taken3. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得饱吃得饱), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D.

11、should get4. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been5. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. had6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had be

12、en broken 7.(2002上海高考题上海高考题)It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall 8.If it _ so hard，wed go to town. A.isnt raining B.werent raining C

13、.doesnt rain D.has rain 9.I wish I _ you yesterday. A.saw B.did see C.had seen D.were to see 10.His silence at the meeting suggested that he _ to your plan. A.didnt agree B.hadnt agreed C.wouldnt agree D.not agree 11.The father insisted his daughter _ a rich man. A.would be engaged to B.be engaged to C.should engaged to D.must be engaged to 12.You _ earlier.The