定语从句-关系副词

1、一、一、概念概念 定语从句定语从句 在句中做定语，修饰一个名在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出 。关系代词有：关系代词有：who, whom, whose, who, whom, whose, that, whichthat, which等。等。关系副词有：关系副词有：when, where, whywhen, where, why等。等。 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词

2、可代替的先行词是关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、时间、地点或理由地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。的名词，在从句中作状语。1 1）关系副词）关系副词when, where, why when, where, why 的的含义相当于含义相当于 “介词介词+ which” + which” 结构，因结构，因此常常和此常常和“介词介词+ which”+ which”结构交替使用。结构交替使用。例如：例如： a) a) 我仍然记得我仍然记得 我参军的我参军的 那一天。那一天。（ ）I still remember the day.I still remember the day.On that day

3、I joined the army.On that day I joined the army.I still remember the day I still remember the day whenwhen I I joined the army. joined the army. 或或I still remember the day I still remember the day on on whichwhich I joined the army. I joined the army. b) b) 这就是这就是 我们去年住的我们去年住的 房子。房子。（ ）This is the h

4、ouse.This is the house.We lived in it last year.We lived in it last year.This is the house This is the house wherewhere we we lived last year. lived last year. 或或This is the house This is the house in whichin which we we lived last year. lived last year. 或或 This is the house This is the house whichw

5、hich we we lived lived inin last year. last year. c) c) 你知道你知道 他迟到的他迟到的 原因吗？原因吗？（ ）Do you know the reason?Do you know the reason?He was late for that reason.He was late for that reason.Do you know the reason Do you know the reason whywhy he he was late? was late? 或或Do you know the reason Do you know

6、 the reason for for whichwhich he was late? he was late? 2 2）当先行词是指时间、地点或原因时，并）当先行词是指时间、地点或原因时，并非就用非就用when, where, why when, where, why 来引导定语来引导定语从句。从句。 例如：例如： 这是我们去年参观的地方。这是我们去年参观的地方。 这是我们去年工作的地方。这是我们去年工作的地方。 a)a)vt.vt.vi.vi.This is the place This is the place which / thatwhich / that we visited la

7、st year.we visited last year.This is the place This is the place wherewhere we we worked last year.worked last year. 我仍然记得我入团的那一天。我仍然记得我入团的那一天。 我仍然记得我们一起度过的那一天。我仍然记得我们一起度过的那一天。b)b)I still remember the day I still remember the day when when I joined the League.I joined the League.I still remember the

8、 day I still remember the day that / that / whichwhich we spent together. we spent together.vt+vt+宾语宾语vivi 3 3、判断关系代词与关系副词判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全用关系代词，还是关系副词完全 This is the mountain village This is the mountain village wherewhere I stayed last year. I stayed last year.这是我去年呆过的山村。这是我去年呆过的山

9、村。取决于从句中的取决于从句中的谓语动词谓语动词。及物动词后面。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：Ill never forget the days Ill never forget the days whenwhen I I worked together with you.worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 方法二：方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状）

10、，也能正确选成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词择出关系代词/关系副词。关系副词。A. whereA. whereB. thatB. that C. on which C. on which D. the oneD. the one例例1.1. Is this the museum _ you Is this the museum _ you visited a few days ago?visited a few days ago?例例2.2. Is this museum _ you Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?vi

11、sited a few days ago?A. whereA. whereB. thatB. that C. on which C. on which D. the oneD. the oneB BD D1.1.His parents wouldnt let him His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was marry anyone _ family was poor.poor.A. of whom B. whomA. of whom B. whomC. of whoseC. of whose D. whoseD. whose

12、D D2.2.In the dark street, there wasnt In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could a single person _ she could turn for help. turn for help. A. thatA. that B. whoB. whoC. from whomC. from whom D. to whomD. to whom D D定语从句练习定语从句练习3.3.After living in Pairs for fifty After living in Pai

13、rs for fifty years he returned to the small years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.town _ he grew up as a child.A. which B. where A. which B. where C. thatC. that D. whenD. when B B4.4.He lived in London for 3 months, He lived in London for 3 months, during _ time he learned som

14、e during _ time he learned some English.English.A. thisA. this B. which B. which C. thatC. that D. sameD. same B B5.5.I had neither a raincoat nor an I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _ I got wet through.umbrella. _ I got wet through. A. Its the reason B. Thats whyA. Its the reason B. Thats

15、why C. Theres why D. Its howC. Theres why D. Its howB B6.6.I dont like _ you speak to I dont like _ you speak to her.her. A.the way that B.the way in thatA.the way that B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of thatC.the way which D.the way of thatA A5.5.This is the place _ we visit- This is the place _ we visit- ed last year.ed last year.This the place _ we worked This the place _ we worked last year.last year.a. which b. where a. which b. where c. in that d. ther