程序设计与问题求解习题与答案

1、课号 课程名称 程序设计与问题求解 适用班级（专业） 考试时间 120 分钟 座位号 学号 姓名 题号一二三四五六七八成绩满分501040得分评卷人一、阅读程序，写出程序运行结果（每题10分,5题共50分）1. 简单的类定义#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std; #include<iostream>using namespace std;class MyClassint m;public:static int n;MyClass( ) m=0;void setvalue( )m+;n+;v

2、oid output( )cout<<"m="<<m<<", n="<<n<<endl;int MyClass: n=2; void main( )MyClass obj1, obj2;obj1.setvalue( );obj1.output( );obj2.setvalue( );obj2.output( );2继承#include <iostream.h>class Tcprivate:int A, B;public:Tc(int a=1, int b=2);int Acout(

3、 ) return A; int Bcout( ) return B; ;Tc:Tc(int a, int b)A=a;B=b;void main( )Tc c1, c2(5), c3(10, 20);cout << "c1:(" << c1.Acout( ) << "," << c1.Bcout( ) << ")" << endl;cout << "c2:(" << c2.Acout( ) << "

4、;," << c2.Bcout( ) << ")" << endl;cout << "c3:(" << c3.Acout( ) << "," << c3.Bcout( ) << ")" << endl;3. 构造函数#include<iostream>using namespace std;class MySubprivate:int x, y;public:MySub(int a, i

5、nt b): x(a), y(b)cout << "调用构造函数1." << endl;MySub(MySub &p)x=p.x;y=p.y;cout << "调用构造函数2." << endl;MySub( )cout << "调用析构函数." << endl;int sub( ) return x-y;void main( )MySub p1(9, 3);MySub p2=p1;cout << p2.sub( ) << endl

6、;MySub p3(6,9);4、字符串相关操作类#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std; class strtype public:strtype(char* ptr); strtype();void show(); private:char* p;int len; ;strtype:strtype(char* ptr) len=strlen(ptr); p=new charlen+1; if(!p) cout<<"Allocation error n" exit(1)

7、; cout<<"Creating string"<<endl; strcpy(p,ptr);strtype:strtype() cout<<"Deleting string"<<endl; delete p;void strtype:show()cout<<p<<"nlength: "<<len<<endl;void main()strtype s1("we study new and delete");s1.show

8、();5运算符重载#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std; #include<iostream>using namespace std;class complex int real; int imag;public:complex(int r=0,int i=0):real(r),imag(i) void show()cout<<real<<(imag<0 ? "":"+")<<imag<<'

9、;i'<<endl;complex& operator +=(complex &c) real+=c.real; imag+=c.imag; return c;complex& operator -=(complex &c) real-=c.real; imag-=c.imag; return c;friend complex& operator -(complex &);friend complex& operator +(complex &);complex& operator -(complex

10、&c) c.real-; c.imag-; return c;complex& operator +(complex &c) c.real+; c.imag+; return c;void main() int i=10,j=3,m=2,n=-6; complex test1(i,j); test1.show(); test1-; complex test2(m,n); test2.show(); test2+; test1+=test2; test1.show(); test2-=test1; test2.show();二、补充程序（共10分）1. Point.h 类

11、声明如下#ifndef POINT_H#define POINT_Hclass Pointint x, y; /点Ì?的Ì?x和¨ªy坐Á?标À¨ºpublic:Point( int = 0, int = 0 ); / 构1造¨¬函¡¥数ºyvoid SetPoint(int, int); / 设¦¨¨置?坐Á?标À¨ºint GetX(); / 取¨?x坐Á?标À&

12、#168;ºint GetY(); / 取¨?y坐Á?标À¨ºvoid Print(); /输º?出?点Ì?的Ì?坐Á?标À¨º#endif请在Point.cpp写出类的定义三、 程序设计（每题20分,2题共40分）1. 编写一个程序设计一个栈操作类，包含入栈和出栈成员函数，然后入栈一组数据，出栈并显示出栈顺序。2. 要求计算正方体、球和圆柱3个几何体的表面积和体积。可以抽象出一个公共的基类Base，把它作为抽象类，在该类内定义求表面积和体积的纯虚函数。在抽象类中可

13、以定义一个数据成员length，它可作为球的半径、正方体的边长或圆柱体底面积的半径。请用C+语言定义上述类。并在主函数中使用多态性，分别计算出边长为5的正方体的体积，球半径为5的球的体积，以及圆柱体底半径为5高为5的圆柱体的体积。答案：Ps：截图少了3个“调用析构函数.”Ps：截图同样少了“Deleting string”二、程序补充：#include <iostream>using namespace std;#include "point.h" (1分)Point:Point( int a, int b ) (3分)SetPoint( a, b ); voi

14、d Point:SetPoint( int a, int b ) (2分)x = a;y = b;int Point:GetX() (1分)return x;int Point:GetY() (1分)return y;void Point:Print() (2分) cout << '' << x << ", " << y << ''<<endl;程序设计1：#include<iostream.h>struct list/定义栈 (3分)int data;lis

15、t *next;class Stack/定义一个栈操作类 (8分) list *ptr;/栈指针public:Stack() ptr = NULL; void push(int i);int pop(); ;void Stack:push(int x)/入栈成员函数 (3分)list *newnode = new list;newnode->data = x;newnode->next = ptr;ptr = newnode;int Stack:pop()/出栈成员函数 (3分)list *top;int value;value = ptr->data;top = ptr;p

16、tr = ptr->next;delete top;return value;void main() (3分)Stack a;int arr = 5,2,8,1,4,3,9,7,6;cout << "入栈顺序："for (int i=0; i<9; i+)cout << arri << " "a.push(arri);cout << endl << "出栈顺序："for (i=0; i<9; i+)cout << a.pop() <<

17、 " "cout << endl;程序设计2：#include<iostream>#include<string>.(1分)class Base (4分)protected:float length;public:Base(float f) length=f; virtual float Area()=0;virtual float Volume()=0;class Cube: public Base (2分)public:Cube(float f): Base(f) float Area()=0;float Volume()=0;cla

18、ss Sphere: public Base (2分)public:Sphere (float f): Base(f) float Area()=0;float Volume()=0;class Cylinder: public Base (2分)float height;public:Cylinder (float l, float h): Base(l) height=hfloat Area()=0;float Volume()=0;float Cube:Area().(1分)return (length * length *6); float Cube: Volume ().(1分)return (length * length * length);float Sphere:Area().(1分)return (4 * 3.1416 * length * lengt