主谓一致学案

1、xx主谓一致教案一般说来，谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。主谓一致涉及三个方面：语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致。一、语法上一致1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时，谓语通常用单数。Much milk is offered to him.Reading aloud is very important in learning English.To nod one s head means agreement.What they said is true.2 and 连接主语时，注意以下几点：1）由and,both arid接两个单数名词谓语用复数，但当and连接的两个名

2、词指同一个人，同一物，同一事，同一概念时谓语用单数。Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel.The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.2）凡是由 each and each ,every and every ,no and no ，many a a 连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company.No boy and no girl doesn

3、t go to school at the age of seven in this village.3）由and连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时，谓语用复数。Good and bad meat in the market are sold out.4）不可数名词+兵团并列修饰语作主语时，谓语用单数。Beer from the USA and Germany is much better that from Britain.5）凡由 and 连接两个带the（a 或物主代词）的单数可数名词，谓语用复数，如果只有前一个名词带the（a 或物主代词）则谓语用单数。The professor

4、 and the writer have published a few new books on radio.The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man.6)由and连接的第二个名词短语表示否定或带有状语时，为主的单复数与 第一个名词一致。The teacher, and perhaps his students too, is likely to be present.7)What 从句的并列式作主语时，并列完整式常用复数，缩略式常用单数。What he says and what he thinks have nothing

5、to do with me.What I say and do is my own affair.8)由and连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词作主语时，根据 意义一致的原则确定单复数。When and where to build the new factory yet.(MET1991)A is not decidedB are not decided C has not decidedD have not decided (key:A)3 主语+介词(短语)：with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, morethan, ov

6、er, besides,together with, like, including, in addition to 等连接的名词时，谓语以介词(短语)前的主语为准，不受介词后的名词影响。The man with hs daughters and sons is watching TV.The girls as well as the teacher are dancing.考例： 1) E-mail, as well as telephones,an important role in our dailylife(1999 上海 )A playingB playC plays D have

7、played (keys:C)2) A library with five thousand booksto the nation as a gift.(MET 1990)A is offeredB has offeredC are offeredD have offered (keys: A)4 不定代词either,each,one,another,anyone,anybody,noone,nobody,someone,somebody,anythi ng,nothing,something,everything,everyone,everybody,neither 等作主语时，谓语用单数

8、，none做主语时，谓语单复数均可。There is nothing wrong with the machine.Either of the shirts fits me very well.None of the farmers has (have)been abroad.5 many a (an) +名词和more than one +名词做主语时谓语用单数。Many an apple is in the basket.More than one stamp has been collected by her.6 在四则运算中谓语单复数均可。Three and four is (are)

9、 seven.Two times ten is (are) twenty.7 当 kind of, pair of, type of 等做主语时，谓语与of 前的 kind, pair, type 等保持一致。如：This pair of trousers fits you.The kind of the apple tastes delicious.8 当 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of 等短语作主语时，谓语与of后的保持一致。There are plenty of eggs in the basket.Lots of me

10、at has been sold out.考例：As a result of destroying the forests, a largeof desertcoveredthe land.(2001 上海 )A number, hasB quantity, has C number, haveD quantity, have (key:B)9 当分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语与后面的名词保持一致。Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.70 percent of people have known ab

11、out the truth.考例：71 f the land in that districtcovered with trees and grass.(2000 上海 )A Two fifth, is B Two fifth, are C Two fifth, is D Two fifths, are (key:C)72 在 one of +复数名词+定语从句中如关系代词作主语引导定语从句时，谓语根据先行词来判断，若是one of结构，定语从句用复数，若是the(only) one of 结构，定语从句用单数。Zhou xia is one of the girls who like hik

12、ing.Tian lili is the only one of the girls who has passedthe exam.考例：He is the only of the students whoa winner of scholarship for threeyears.(2002 上海)A isB areC have beenD has been (key D)73 "a number of+数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，" the number of+复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式。The number of books is no more tha

13、n 100, but a number of them is of little use.考例：thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty,butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.(NMET 1996)A were , wasB was, was C was , were,D were, were (key C)二、意义上一致1 当表示时间，距离，价格、度量等的名词作主语时谓语用单数。Ten years is quite a long time.2当“the+容词(过去分词)”指一类人作主语时，谓语用复数。指个人或抽象概念时，谓语用单

14、数。The rich live a happy life, while the poor live a hard life.The wounded is our captain.3当maths(mathematics), politics, physics等学科名词作主语时，谓语用单数，但前有物主代词修饰指某人的某方面时，谓语用复数。Maths is difficult to learn.His physics are poor.4 用作书名、剧名、报名、国名、地区名称的复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。 The Arabian Nights is a very interesting book.

15、The United States is a developed country.5如果名词词组的中心词是 all, most, half, rest, part等词语，表示的是复 数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。All of the rubbish was cleared away.All of the classmates have passed the examination.6 当集合名词family, class, army, group, team, enemy, government,public, couple等作主语时，如果主语看作一个整体，谓语用单数，如果看作其 中

16、的成员（个体时）谓语用复数。Class 3 are unable to agree on the plan.His family has just moved to Beijing.7有的名词如police, cattle, people, clothes, trousers等没有单数形式，作主语时，谓语只能用复数，而有的名词则是单数、复数相同，如sheep, deer,aircraft, mean, fish, works, species,等，作主语时，就必须根据意思来确定其谓语的单复数形式。Shortly after the accident, the police were sent

17、to keep order.考例： Every possible meansto prevent the air pollution, but the sky isstill not clear（2000 上海）。A is usedB are usedC has been used D have been used （keys:C）三、就近一致1 连词 or, either or, not but, neither nor, not only butlso, wheth 连词并列作主语时，谓语与它最靠近的主语一致。Either you or I am going to answer his q

18、uestion.Not only he but also his friends have been to NewYork.考例：Either you or the headmasterthe prizes to these gifted students at themeeting(1994 上海 )A is handing out B are to hand out C are handing outD is to hand out (key:D)2 在 there be 结构中，如果主语不只是一个，谓语通常和邻近的，即每一个主语一致。如：There is a desk and three

19、 chairs in the room.There are three chairsand a desk in the room.Addition:表达祝愿的句型。1)I/We/Let us +wish sb.+sth.I wish you happiness. I wish you a full recovery. I wish you every success in your new post. Let uswish you the very best of luck.2)主语(I We Let us) +wish+sb.+to do sth.Iwishyoutosucceedinyou

20、rperformance.Letuswishyoutowinstillgreatervictoriesint hescientific research.3)主语(I We ) hope侯语从句I hope all is going well with your family.4) May +主语 +动词原形+其它May you both be always happy. May you return safe and sound. May all happiness attend you.5注语(I/We/let me ) +send /offer+宾语+forLet me offer my

21、 hearty good wished for your success.6)名词to sb.Success to you all! A good journey to you! Good luck to everyone!1 .Thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty,butanumberofthemabsentfordifferent reasons.A. were ; wasB. was ; wasC. was ; wereD. were ; were2 .As a result of destroying the forests , a large of desert

22、 coveredthe land .A. number ; hasB. quantity ; hasC. number ; haveD. quantity ;have3.-Each ofthe students , working hard at his or her lessons , to go to university.Sodo I.A. hopeB. hopesC.hopingD. to hope4 . Eitheryou or the headmaster the prizes to those gifted students at themeeting.A. is handing

23、 outB. are to hand outC. are handing outD. is to hand out5 .When and where to build the new factory yet .A. is not decidedB. are not decidedC. has not decidedD. have not decided6 .Alibrary with five thousand books to the nation as a gift .A. is offeredB. has offeredC. are offeredD. have offered7.Of

24、the making of good books there is no end ;neither any end to theirinfluence onman's lives .A.there isB. there areC. is thereD. are there8.Bill's aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, ?A. isn't itB, is itC. isn't heD. is he9.1 t was only with the he

25、lp of the local guide .A. was the mountain climber rescuedB. that the mountain climber was rescuedC. when the mountain climber rescuedD. then the mountain climber was rescued10. I have always been honest and straightforward , and it doesn't matter I'm talkingto .A. who is itB. who it isC. it

26、 is whoD. it is whom11. Seventy percent of the students here from the countryside.A. isB. areC. comesD. has come12. Three fourths of the homework today .A. has finishedB. has been finishedC. have finishedD.have been finished13. Only in the school been repaired .A. one third of the desks ; hasB. one

27、third desks ; haveC. one third of the desks ;haveD. one third of desks ; have14. About 40 of the population of that country on farms .A. percent ; livesB. percent ; liveC. percents ; liveD. percents ; lives15. More than 60 percent of world's radio programmes in English.A. isB. wasC. areD. be16.

28、The total numberof the population in China about 100 million onApril 14, 1989.A. added upB. wasC. wereD. rose17. A large number of the students in our class girls.A. areB. wasC. isD. be18. The number of students of this school large.A. areB. wasC. isD. be19. The whole class the teacher attentively.A

29、. are listening toB.is listening toC. are listeningD. is listening20. The Chinese people hard working and brave .A areB.isC. has beenD . are being21. The police the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appearedin a theatre.A. is searching forB. were searching forC. are searching forD. were searching

30、22. Those who in compositions , please hand them in this afternoon.A. hasn't handed ; hisB. haven't handed ; hisC. has handed ; theirD. have handed ;his23. Jane is one of the best students in her class who by their teacher.A. are praisedB.is praisedC. praisedD. praising24. He is the only one

31、 of the students who elected.A. areB. haveC. hasD. is25. The subject of physics always interested him .A. hasB. haveC. isD. are26. The subject of physics always interested him .A. hasB. haveC. isD are27. The United States of America one of the most largest countries inthe world.A. isB. areC. wasD. w

32、ere28. The Olympic Games held every years.A. is ; fourB. areC. is ; fiveD. are ; five29. Her to her children's faults quite extraordinary .A. blind ; isB. blind ; areC. blindness ; isD. blindness ; are30. Where rubbish , there are flies .A. there areB. there isC. isD. there has31. The news of vi

33、ctories spending far and wide .A. isB. areC. have beenD. were32. A great deal of energy this way .A. are wastedB. were wastedC. is wastedD. wastes33. The paper for books and newspapers made of wood .A. areB. isC .haveD. has34. The air in big cities very dirty .A. are often madeB. is often madeC. hav

34、e often madeD. has oftenmade35. The rest of the apples in our class within half an hour .A. is sold outB .are sold outC. was sold outD. were sold out36. “ All present and all going on well .” our monitor saiA. is ; isB. are ; areC. are ; isD. is ; are37. The rich not always happy.A. areB. isC. hasD

35、. have38. can be done been done .A. All ; haveB. All that ; haveC. All ; hasD.All that ; has39. Many a man come to help us .A. haveB. hasC. isD .are40. What you said just now the matter we arediscussing .A. have something to do atB. has something to do with C. had something to do with D. hasbeen som

36、ething to with41. Mary as well as her sisters Chinese in China .A. are studyingB. have studiedC. studiesD. study42. No one but her parents it .10 / 14A. knowB. knowsC. is knowingD. are knowing43. Alice , together with the two boys , for having broken the rule .A. was punishedB. punishedC. were punis

37、hedD. being punished44. Everyone here , including children and old people , in for sports .A. goB. goingC. to goD. goes45. I, who your teacher , will try my best to help you with your study .A. beB. amC. areD. is46. It is I who wrong.A . isB amC. areD. is47. No bird and no beast in the lonely island

38、 .A. are seenB. is seenC. seeD. sees48. Every means prevent the water from .A. are used to; pollutingB. get used to ; pollutingC. is used to ; pollutedD. is usedto ;being polluted49. Not only my brother but also I good at painting both of us good at painting.A. are ; areB. am ; areC. is ; isD. are ;

39、 is50. Either your parents or your elder brother to attend the meetingtomorrow.A. isB. areC. are goingD. have51. Neither my father nor I at home.A. amB. isC. areD. be52. Every boy and every girl to attend the evening party .A. wishB. wishesC. likeD. is like53. In winter wet clothes near fire.A. ofte

40、n hanged upB. are often hanged upC. is often hung upD. are often hung up54. Apples of this kind .A. tastesgoodB. tastes wellC. taste goodD. taste well55. Your trousers dirty , you must have washed.A. is ; itB. are ; itC. are ; themD. is ; them56. The league secretary and monitor asked to make a spee

41、ch at themeeting .A. isB. wasC. areD. were57. John has two brothers , but either out of work now.A. areB. isC. hasD. have58. The results of the exam that you have all made great .A. show ; progressB. shows ; progressC. show ; progressesD. shows ; progresses59. a good enough price for this book .A. T

42、wo yuans areB. Two yuan areC.Two yuans isD , Two yuan is60. Many people say 10,000 a lot of money .A. dollar isB. dollars areC. dollars isD. dollar are61. What we need good textbooks.A. isB. areC. haveD .has62.ProfessorWu,withthreelecturers,attendingasymposium（专题研讨 会 ）inShanghai on energy now.A isB areC was D were63.One and a half hours passed.A hasB areC isD have64. Ma