《中考宝典》2016广东省中考英语复习(语法考点)课件：动词语态及其考点(共16张PPT)

1、英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（the Active Voice）和被动语态（the Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：English is spoken by many people. 当我们不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁或者强调突出动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。 （1）一般现在时的被动语态（2）一般过去时的被动语态（3）一般将来时的被动语态 （4）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态考点一 被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一

2、样。被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下：句式句式句型结构句型结构例例 句句肯定句肯定句主语主语+ be+过去分词过去分词+（by）He is often asked to do this work (by his boss).否定句否定句主语主语+ be not +过去分过去分词词+（by）I am not invited to the party (by him).一般疑一般疑问句问句Be +主语主语+过去分词过去分词+（by）？）？Are your clothes washed by yourself?特殊疑特殊疑问句问句疑问词疑问词+ be+主语主语+过过去分词去分词+（by）？）

3、？What is this sweater made of?考点二 被动语态的用法： (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by动作执行者短语。如： Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。(2)强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。 The cup was broken by David. 这个杯子被大卫打碎了。(3)做客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型： Its / was said / believed / reported / + that 据说/据报道 如： Its reported that about three hu

4、ndred people were killed in this earthquake.考点三 中考常见被动语态的形式 形式形式句型结构句型结构例句例句一般现一般现在时在时主语主语am / is / are 过去分词过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day.一般过一般过去时去时主语主语was / were 过去分词过去分词The car was made in Germany in 2003.一般将一般将来时来时主语主语will be 过去分词过去分词主语主语be going tobe 过去分词过去分词The sports meeting will be h

5、eld in October. An airport is going to be built here .含情态含情态词的词的主语主语+can / may /must +be +givenTeenagers should be allowed to surf the Internet. ( ) 1. A popular sport, Ping-pong, _ by many around China, for fun and exercise. A. are enjoyed B. was enjoyed C. were enjoyed D. is enjoyed( ) 2. Did you

6、go to Lindas birthday party, Jill? No. I _. A. didnt invite B. wasnt invited C. am not invited D. havent invited( ) 3.I am afraid that I cant finish the task successfully. Dont worry. You _ plenty of time to do it. A. will be given B. give C. will give D. given( ) 4. How often do I need to feed the

7、dog? It _ food every day, or it will be hungry. A. must give B. must be give C. must be given D. must be gave考点四 使用中应注意的几个问题(1) 有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直接宾语，间接宾语） 常见的接双宾语的动词有：give, teach, pay, tell, buy, show, lend ,write, pass等。 通常这种句子可以改为以“人” 当主语和以“物”当作主语的两种被动语态。如：He gave me a book. I was given a book by hi

8、m.(以I做主语)A book was given to me by him. (以物book作主语)5. He teaches us English. _(以人当主语以人当主语)_(以物作主语以物作主语)We are taught English (by him). English is taught to us (by him). （2）英语中有“十大动词”的说法，即feel, hear, listen to, have, make, let(让、使) , look at, watch, see, notice，这些词在主动语态中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但在变被动语态时必须加to。如：

9、 I saw him go into the office building. He was seen to go into the office building.6. I heard John leave the room. _.John was heard to leave the room. （3）动词短语变被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。 这类动词短语有：look after, look at, take care of, put up, take away, go over, pay attention to, cut down , laugh at等。如： They

10、 take good care of my child. =My child was taken good care of (by them). I turned off the radio. =The radio was turned off.7. Sally worked out all the problems. _.8. You cant take the magazines out of the reading room . _.The problems were worked out (by her) The magazines cant be taken out of the r

11、eading room （4）有些动词表被动意义,不强调动作。特别主语为物时。 常见的动词有sell, write, wash等。如： These novels wont sell well. 这些小说不好卖。 This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布容易洗（5）连系动词如feel, look, smell, taste, sound等用主动形式表被动。如： The fish tastes good.(6) 不及物动词happen, take place没有被动语态。如： Great changes have taken place in Dongguan i

12、n the last few years.( ) 9. The old man was quite weak after the accident, so he_.A. must look after B. must be taken care C. must be looked after D. must take care of ( ) 10. A model ship _his son by Mr More.A. was made for B. was made to C. made for D. makes for( ) 11. This kind of sweater _very s

13、oft.A. is felt B. feels C. feel D. is feeling( ) 12. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by her.A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry( ) 13.When_ the accident _?A. was; happened B. has; happened C. was; happening D. did; happen( )14.This kind of re

14、corder _well.A. has been soldB. is soldC. sellsD. will be soldg. want/need/require +动名词用主动表被动。如： The door is broken, it needs repairing. =The door is broken, it need to be repaired. 门坏了，需要修理。考点五 记住一些常用词组: 1. 被用来做某事 be used for doing sth. 2. 由制造 be made of /from +(原材料)3. 在某地制造 be made in (a place)4. 装满 be full of /be filled with sth.5. 被覆盖 be covered with6. 据说 Its said that 7. 被迫做某事 be made to d