精品中考考点之动词不定式

1、 中考考点动词（动词不定式）动词不定式即to do ，其否定形式是not to do；不定式没有人称和数的变化。1. 动词不定式用作主语动词不定式用作主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构,这时 it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置，往往放v.和adj.之后.e.g. To learn English well is not easy. = Its not easy to learn English well. Its adj. （for sb.) to do sth. 当形容词是careful, clever, kind, nice, good, right, wrong

2、等与人有关的“赞美”或“批评”时用of.如：Its kind of you to help me.相关句型：Its time to do sth.Its ones duty to do sthIts ones turn to do sth It takes sb some time to do sthIt costs sb some money to do sth2.动词不定式做宾语结构一：动词 + to do I want to buy a computer. She hopes to find a better job.I wish to go with you.归纳：want ,hope

3、 ,wish,learn ,agree plan , decide ,refuse,begin ,start to do sthtry, forget ,remember , like ,stop扩展：只能跟ving 的动词：finish, enjoy, mind, keep(on), practise, feel like(want), be busy，give up, look forward to，cant help doing,比较：begin ,start , like ,hate, prefer to do 一次性、习惯性，doing持续性、长期性try, forget , rem

4、ember , stop to do sth/doing结构二：动词+疑问词+to do在一些动词之后，可以在连接代词（what,who,which）或连接副词（how,when,where）及连词whether后面接一个带to的不定式，我们可以将这种结构看成是连接词引导的宾语从句的简略形式。事实上，这些连词都是由相应的疑问词转化而来的，其中whether对应于一般疑问句。如：I ask who to invite.(=who I should invite)I dont know whether to answer his letter.Show me what to do.此类动词有：as

5、k,consider,decide,forget,find out,imagine,know,learn,remember,see,tell,teach,think,understand3.用作宾语补足语：v. + 名词/代词 + to doShe asked me to help her.The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write.归纳：动词不定式做宾补通常用于want, wish, ask, order, tell, help, advise, allow, cause,

6、force等词后 注意：作宾语补足语不带to 的情况：Let me do it.I saw him cross the street.常见动词有：使役动词: let, make, have sb do sth感官动词: see, watch, hear, feel, notice sb do/doing sth此类动词变被动语态时需加to:make sb do sth. sb be made to do sth. 比较： I heard her singing in the next room. I heard her sing in the next room. 4. 用作定语（应放在被修饰

7、词之后，这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）He is the best man to choose.They have much food to eat.I dont have a pen to write with。5. 用作状语(adverbial)：不定式作状语一般表示目的，原因或结果Im sorry to hear that. 原因I went there to see my teacher. 目的She came back to get her English book.目的The boy was too frightened to move. 结果目的状

8、语Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat.To be happy, we must not be too concerned with others.可用in order to do来强调目的状语，另：不定式当目状时，否定形式为in order not to do结构状语Enough to doToo.to do6.疑问词+不定式结构（who/what/which/where/when/how）在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。When to start has not been dec

9、ided. 主I dont know what to do. 宾He can tell you where to get the book. 宾补7. 动词不定式的特殊句型a) too. to. 表示“太以至于不(能)”。 The boy is too young to look after himself. b) . enough. to. 表示“足以”。 He is old enough to go to school.c) Why not +不带to的不定式 Why not go there with me?d) had better+(not)+不带to的不定式 Youd better

10、 not go there at night.e) Will you please +不带to的不定式 Will you please close the door?f)形式宾语itfind it+adj+to do = find (that) it is to do. feel it+adj to do = think (that) it is adj+to do sth.中考题库11动词不定式1. (2009·无锡中考) Hell use what he has _ her a new dress.A. bought B. to buy C. buying D. been bou

11、ght 【解析】选B2. (2009·宿迁中考) Mum, can I have something _?Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is _ in the kitchen.A. to drink; nothing else B. drinking; something elseC. to eat; something else D. eating; nothing else【解析】选A。不定式作定语修饰名词或代词时要放在后面，先排除B、D二项；由关键信息“You can only drink some water.”

12、可舍C选A。3. (2009·扬州中考) -_ more about tomorrows weather, call 121.-OK, I will. Thank you.A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known【解析】选C4. (2009·绵阳中考) Please dont forget _ the room while I am away in Beijing.A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned D. cleaning 【解析】选B。forget to do sth.表示“忘记将要做某事”，而forget

13、doing sth.表示“忘记做过某事”，结合题意“当我离开去北京时不要忘记打扫房子”可排除A、C、D三项，选B。5. (2009·孝感中考) We must do everything we can _ waste water from running into rivers. A. keep B. kept C. to keep D. keeping 【解析】选C6. (2009·通化中考) The woman made his son _ finally after she told him some jokes.A. laughed B. to laughC. la

14、ughD. laughing【解析】选C。make sb. do sth.表示“使某人做某事”，do为省略to的动词不定式，故正确答案为C。7. (2009·泸州中考) Mum knows make a banana milk shake.A. how B. what toC. how to【解析】选C8. (2009·河北中考) More and more young people are trying to do something _ the old.A. served B. to serve C. serve D. serves【解析】选B。结合题意“越来越多的年轻

15、人正尽力做为老年人服务的事情”可知要用动词不定式作定语，故排除A、C、D三项，选B。9. (2009·天水中考) Shall we go shopping?-Sorry, I have lots of homework _.A. do B. to do C. doing D. does【解析】选B10. (2009·北京中考) The teacher asked Ben _ a difficult question in class.A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered【解析】选C。11. (2009·河南

16、中考) -Have you made up your mind the sick kids?-By singing songs.A. what to tell B. how to cheer up C. when to help D. where to look after【解析】选B。12. (2009·广东中考) Dont you think _ important to protect our earth?A. that B. how C. it D. this【解析】选C。13. (2009·广东中考) She was supposed _ in hospital,

17、 but people found her in the office.A. to lie B. lying C. lie D. lies【解析】选A。be supposed to do sth.表示“应该做某事”，由关键信息was supposed可排除B、C、D三项，故选A。 14. (2009·济南中考) Its a good habit _ a walk after dinner.A. to come B. to be C. to take D. to go【解析】选C15. (2009·广东中考) Lets _ play in the street. Father

18、 tells me _ do so.A. not to, not to B. not, not toC. dont, to notD. not to, dont【解析】选B。16. (2008·扬州中考) -Its raining hard outside. Youd better _.-OK.A. to go out B. going out C. not to go out D. not go out【解析】选D。17. (2008·茂名中考) She was surprised _ me last night.A. to see B. see C. saw【解析】选A

19、。be surprised to do sth.表示“很惊讶做某事”。18. (2008·贵阳中考) “Its cold outside.” “Why _ stay at home?”A. not you B. not to C. not【解析】选C。why not后面接动词原形，即省略to的动词不定式。19. (2008·江西中考) _ more information about the trip, you can go to www. J.A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found【解析】选C。20. (2008·南通中考)

20、 -Mary was heard _ just now. What happened?-John was telling a joke.A. cry B. to cry C. laugh D. to laugh【解析】选D。hear sb. do sth.句式的被动形式为be heard to do sth.，结合题意可舍B选D。21. (2008·贵阳中考) “What are you going to do this weekend?” “Id like _ my parents.”A. to visit B. visit C. visiting【解析】选A。Id like后接带

21、to的动词不定式。故选A。22. (2008·兰州中考) He preferred _ rather than _ TV.A. reading, watch B. reading, to watchC. to read, watching D. to read, watch 【解析】选D。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.表示“宁愿做某事，也不做某事”。23. (2008·资阳中考) The house is too small for his family _.A. to live in B. living in C. live i

22、n D. lives in【解析】选A。考查动词不定式作定语，live是不及物动词，后面接宾语时要加介词in。24. (2008·扬州中考) Some children are arguing about what TV programmes _.A. watching B. for watching C. to watch D. will watch【解析】选C25. (2008·北京中考) -My brothers ill in hospital.-Im sorry _ that.A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear【解析】选D。

23、be sorry to do sth.表示“为了做某事而难过”。由题意应选D。28. (2007·乐山中考) In order _ the world a friendly place. One must show a friendly face. A. makes B. making C. to make D. make【解析】选C。29. (2007·临沂中考) A businessman from Zhejiang Province plans _ the first Chinese space tourist by paying $200,000 _ the 3.5

24、-hour ride at the end of 2008. A. become, to take B. become, take C. to become, take D. to become, to take【解析】选D30. (2007·南京中考) -What about playing football this afternoon, Sam?-I would rather _ at home than _ football. Its too hot outside.A. stay, playing B. stay, play C. to stay, to play D. t

25、o stay, playing【解析】选B。would rather do sth. than do sth.表示“宁愿做而不愿做”，其中would rather和than后面都要接动词原形，分析比较四个选项可知正确答案为B。重庆十年中考（动词不定式）（2013）C( )34. Daddy , can you come home for supper with us this weekend? _, but I might be a little late.A. Im busyB. Hard to sayC. Of courseD. never mindD( )38. He lost his

26、key. It made him _ in the cold to wait for his wifes return. A. to stayB. stayedC. stays D. stay源D( )40. Dont be nervous whenever you have a test. _ .A. Youd better notB. Please dontC. Yes, Id love toD. Well , I wont71.I feel like going for a walk this afternoon .（改为同义句）P11 I want to go for a walk t

27、his afternoon.（2012）C22. Reading morn helps learn better. A. we B. our C. us D. oursC26. Mr. Li asks the students in the river, because it's too dangerous. A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not swimA35. You don't have to worry about me. I'm old enough to myself. A. look after B. lo

28、ok for C. look up D. look at71. I often borrow a dictionary from Bruce. (改为同义句) Bruce often LENDS his dictionary TO me.（2011）C( )33. We dont know _ it next. Lets go and ask Mr. Li.A. what to doB. to do whatC. whether to doD. to do whetherC( )40. Its very hot here. Why not _ your coat? A. put onB. tr

29、y onC. take offD. turn off69. I spend half an hour doing morning exercises every day. (改为同义句)It _TAKES_ me half an hour to _DO_ morning exercises every day.（2010）B26. -Are you good at history, Rose? -_. But I will try to study it well this term. A. Thats all right B. Not very good C. No problem D. Q

30、uite wellD32. James, Im too tired. Lets stop _ a rest. A. having B. have C. to having D. to haveA34. -Look! Its raining heavily. _ take a raincoat with you? -Well, Ill take one right now. A. Why not B. Why dont C. Would you mind D. Would you likeB40. -Steven, could you help me _ when the plane will

31、take off on the Internet? -Im sorry, my computer doesnt work. A. get on B. find out C. look for D. look after（2009）D29. Youd better _ too much time playing computer games.A. dont spend B. not to spend C. to not spend D. not spendB37. They had to _ the 800-meter race because of the bad weather. A. pu

32、t on B. put off C. get on D. get upC40. All of us find _ necessary to take exercise every day. A. this B. that C. it D. themC41. -Im too nervous to give a talk before so many people. - _, Maria. You can do it. A. Thats true B. With pleasure C. Come on D. Youre right71. 让我们到乡村去帮助孩子们学习。(完成译句) Lets go

33、to the countryside to HELP the kids _WITH_ the their study.（2008）B. Whats your plan for the summer holidays? Ive no idea, but Ive decided _ at home and have a good rest first.A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. stayingD30. During the Spring Festival, the heavy snow stopped many people from _A. go B. goe

34、s C. wentD. going70. Little Jim is only five years old. He cant make model planes by himself. （合并为一句) Little Jim is _TOO_ young _TO_ make model planes by himself.（2007）C22Many sportsmen are getting ready _ the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Ato Bwith Cfor DonC28- Linda，I am very thirsty. - Lets go to t

35、he nearest supermarket _ some drink, OK? Abuy Bbought C. to buy D. buyingB37Remember to_ the lights when you leave your classroomAturn on Bturn off Cturn up D. turn downB40(课改实验区考生做)- Why not _ music club?- Im sorryI cant sing or danceAto join Bjoin Cjoining Dto join in (非课改实验区考生做)- Would you mind _ my pet dog when I am out?- Sorry, I cantI have to study for my test this weekAtake cave of Btaking care of Cto take care of Dtaking careC41(课改实验区考生做) - The TV show Home with Kids is so wonderfulYou shouldnt miss it.- If I have timeI _ it.Asee Bsaw Cwill see Dhave seen (非课改实验区考生做)- What a hard li