非谓语动词经典用法讲解与练习

1、非谓语动词经典用法讲解与练习命题规律1. 考查立意较低，主要考查的是非谓语的一些最基本的用法。但是，题目的设置注重了情景化和结构复杂化，加大了考生对题干句的理解难度。2. 设问的角度呈现出多样化趋势，不仅仅是非谓语问的互相干扰。命题趋势不容置疑，高考将继续加强对非谓语动词的考查，试题的特征将继续呈现出情景化”和设问角度的多样化”的趋势，但试题的难度将会有所控制。解题思路 解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能（如状语、定语或宾补）； 找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系（主动还是被动）； 搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式； 将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到

2、字从意顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。分词、不定式作宾补用法要点一、分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别1.感官动词see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,notic爵和使役动词have后面的宾补有三种形式，hear+宾语+do（表主动和完成）hear顼语+doing（表主动或正在进行）hear顼语+done（表被动或完成）如IheardKevinanEnglishsongjustnow.（sing）IheardKevinanEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.IheardtheEnglishsongmany

3、times.注意：不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表完成和状态。如：Ilookeddownatmyneckandfoundmynecklace_gone.状态）Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometownchangedsomuch况成）EXERCISE:1、Isawhim（change）thewheelofhiscaryesterda我看见他在换汽车轮子。（意味着我看到了整个动作过程）2、Isawhim（change）thewheelofhiscarwhenIarrivedathishouse.#见他换汽车轮子。（可能意味着我只看到动作过程的一部分）3、Isawthewheelofhi

4、scar（change）byaboyjustnow.4、Isawhim（run）downthestreet.我看见他沿着街跑。5、Ifeltanant（climb）overmyleg.我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。6、SuddenlyInoticedher(stand)outside突然我注意到她正站在外边。7、Whenwewenthome,wefoundthedoor(lock).8、Wecanhearthewindows(beat)bytheheavyraindrops.9、Theyfeltthemselves(cheat).10、TheAmericanChineseisamazedtof

5、indhishometowngreatly(change).11、Icouldhearthegirls(sing)intheclassroomwhenIenteredtheclasssroon.我能听到女孩们在教室里唱歌。12、Ihaveneverheardthesong(sing)inmyschool.13、InthedreamPetersawhimselfbyafiercewolf,andhewokesuddenlywithastart.(2006上海卷)A.chasedB.tobechasedC.bechasedD.havingbeenchased14Afteraknockatthedo

6、or,thechildheardhismotherhimvo2007上海春)A.callingB.calledC.beingcalledD.tocall15、Hewasseen(cross)theroadyesterdOe过程)有人看见他穿过马路。16、Hewasseen(cross)theroad(正在进行的动作)有人看见他在穿过马路。17、Themissingboyswerelastseen(play)neartheriver.2. leave后接三种形式作宾补时，其中的leave保留了原来之义留下”，但表达的确切之义应是使处丁某种状态)。leavesb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事

7、(宾语和宾补之间是主谓关系，表示动作正在进行。)leavesth.undone留下某事未做(宾语和宾补之间是动宾关系，表示被动和完成，一股以undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched为多)leavesb.todosth.留下某人做某事leavesth.tobedone留下某事要做(不定式表示将来的动作。)如：Itswrongofyoutoleavethemach(run).Theguestsleftmostofthedishes(untouchbecausetheydidnttastedelicious.Heleft,leavingme(do)alltheres

8、twork.Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.3. have,get后接三种形式作宾补时，其中have,get表示使、让、叫”之意。havesth.done=getsth.done使/让某事由别人去做”(叫/让某人做某事)。如IIIhave/getmybikerepairedtomorrow.此外，havesth.done还表示便遭受”之意。如Tomhadhislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.Mr.Smithhadhishousebrokenintowhilehewasawayonho

9、liday. havesb./sth.doing使/让某人/物持续地做某事（现在分词表示主动，正在进行）getsb./sth.doing使某人/物开始行动起来如：Thepeasantshadthetractorvorkingdayandnightattheharvesttime.Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来。注意：“havesb.doin苗用于否定句中，其中have有容忍”之意。如：Iwonthaveyouspeakingtoyourparentsliket

10、hat.Donthavethewaterrunningallthetime要让水流个不停。 havesb.dosth.（getsb.todosth.）（/让/叫某人去做某事如：Motherhadmegototheshopandbuysomesalt.Icantgethimtostopsmoking.Hewontlistentome.EXERCISES:1, Hemanagedtogetthetask（finish）ontime他设法按时完成了任务。2,Thedirectorgotherassistantsomehotdogsforthemeeting.（2008全国II卷）A.pickedup

11、B.picksupC.topickupD.pickingup,3,JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglishinashortperiod.（2007fl建卷）A.improvedB.improvingC.toimprove.improve,4-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?-Idliketohavethepackageeigh）,madam.5 ,Thedirectorhadherassistantsomehotdogsforthemeeting.（20UII卷）A.pickedupB.pi

12、cksupC.pickupD.pickingup6 Myparentshavealwaysmademeaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.（2007tt苏卷）A.feelingwellB.feelinggoodC.feelwellD.feelgood7 Theyusecomputerstokeepthetrafficsmoothly.（20说国II卷）A.beingrunB.runC.torunD.running8 SorryIkeptyou（wait）alongtime.9 Theyshutthedoorandleftleavingthefire（burn）.hav

13、e+宾语+宾语补足语。精练用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeoplehaveit(do).2. Whodidyouhave(paint)thewallyesterday?3. Thevillagersaregoingtohaveanewbridge(build)overtheriver.4. Wehadthemachine(mend)justnow.5. Thepatientisgoingtohavehistemperature(take).6.Shehadhermoney(steal)whenshegotonthebus.7.

14、Iwonthaveyou(say)so.8. Donthavethedog(bark)much,Lilin.李林，别让狗狂吠不停。9.1mleaving.Doyouhaveanythin(say)?10.Sheisgoingtoattendanimportantmeeting,butshehasnoclothes(wear).11. Thepoorwomanhadasmallroom(livein).12. Wehavealotofmoney.Doyouhaveanything(worryabout)?13. Doyouhaveanyclothes(wash)?,Siraskedthemaid

15、仗仆).14Icantgoswimmingtoday,forIhavesomanyclothes(wash).15.Theymightjusthaveaplaceonthewritingcoursevhydontyougiveitayt?A.leaveB.leftC.leavingD.toleave二、下列动词后跟带to的不定式作补语：advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,require,teach,tell,want,

16、warn,wish箸。如： Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenorderedtoissueclearwarningbeforefiringanyshots. Theteacheraskedusnottomakesomuchnoise. Thefluisbelievedtobecausedbyvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.三、不定式、现在分词作宾补小窍门下列动词后在主动语态中用不带to的不定式作补语，但在被动语态中要加上to：它们是吾看三

17、室两厅一感觉”看(lookat,see,watch,notice,observe；3使(make,let,have;2听(listento,heai)；1感觉(fell)。以上动词还可用现在分词作宾语补足语(5+3+2+1-2+4)：即以上动词除let,make外都可以用现在分词作宾语补足语，此外find,catch,keep,have也可以用现在分词作宾语补足语。如：Atthattime,Ifoundhimcryinginthestreet.Hewascaughtstealing.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.Themissingbo

18、yswerelastseenplayingneartheriver.四with结构过去分词用在“with宾语+宾补”这一结构翻译下列句子1. Thefarmerswalkedtothefieldwithhoesontheirshoulders2. Myfatherwassittinginachairwithhishandsfolded3. Thedaywasbright,withafreshbreezeblowing4. Tomisworkingtherewithonlyashirton5. Wesleptlastnightwiththelightson6. Johnlefttheroomwi

19、ththewindowsopen7. Mybrotherrushedintotheclassroom,withsweatdripping8. Theartistisworkingwithhishairtiedback9. Thestrangerisstandingtherewithhiseyeslookingatme10.Shestoodtherewithhiseyesfixedonme用所给词的正确形式填空11.InpartsofAsiayoumustnotsitwithyourfeet(point)atanotherperson.12. Helaytherewithhiseyes(look

20、)atthesky.13. Thestudentsarelisteningtotheteacherwiththeireyes(fix)ontheblackboard.14. Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands(tied)back.15. Withallthesemouths(feed),hedidntknowwhattodo.16. Withtime(go)by,weunderstandmoreandmore.17. Theteachercamein.(手里拿着一些教科书)18.ltisabeautifulvillagewithamountainit.A.surr

21、oundedB.surroundingC.havingsurroundedD.havingbeensurrounded19. Withsomuchwork(do),hefeltupset.20. Withalotofproblems(dealwith),thenewpresidenthasahardtime.21. Withalltheproblems(settle),thepresidentfeltatease.22. Withsomanyfriends(careabout)me,Ifeelveryhappy.23. Thethiefwasbroughtin,withhishandsbehi

22、ndhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiredD.tiedComeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchworkmymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(2007才帛建卷)A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled不定式、分词作定语用法要点一、不定式作定语1. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。如：TheBrownshaveacomfortablehouset

23、olivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.Hereissomepaperforyoutowriteon.但是，不定式所修饰的/词如果是time,place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如：Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive（in）.Wefoundawaytosolvethisproblem（in）.2. 当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：Haveyouanythingtosend?你有什么东

24、西要寄吗？（不定式tosend的动作执行者是你”）Haveyouanythingtobesent?你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？（不定式tobesent的动作执行者是我”或别人”）3. 用不定式作定语的几种情况：不定式表将来：Iborrowedsomebookstoreadduringmyholiday.用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all,any等限定的中心词。如：Hewasthebestmantodothejob.ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.Womenandchildrenwerethefirsttoge

25、tintothelifeboats.用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time。如：DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?Ihaveachancetogosight-seeing.二、分词作定语1.作定语的及物动词分词形式为：V4ng;being+过去分词；当被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系时，用VTrig；当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表正在进行时，用being+过去分词；当被修

26、饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表完成时，用过去分词。例如：Thehousesbeingbuiltarefortheteachers.ThebrokenglassisToms.Ihaveneverseenamoremovingmovie.2.作定语的不及物动词分词形式为：V-ing和过去分词。V-ing表示正在进行;过去分词表示已经完成。如：()8Therewasasuddenburstoflightaterriblenoise.A. followingB.tofollowC.followedD.followedbyfallingleaves正落的叶子fallenleaves落下的叶子boiling

27、water正沸腾的水boiledwater沸腾过的水(白开水)三、不定式、过去分词和现在分词被动式作定语的区别这三种形式作定语，主要是体现在动作的发生时间上。过去分词表示的动作或是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，或是没有一定的时间性。如：HaveyoureadthenovelwrittenbyDickens?Heisamanlovedandrespectedbyall.Dontusewords,expressionorphrasesknownonlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。如：List

28、en!Thesongbeingsungisverypopularwiththestudents.不定式的被动式作定语时，表示一个未来的动作。如：Thequestiontobediscussedatthetomorrowsmeetingisaveryimportant非谓语动词作定语练习()1.Doyouknowtheboyunderthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying()2.Youwillseethisproductinthisfactoryadvisedwhereveryougo.A.makingB.ismadeC.ismakingD.made()3.-

29、WhatsthelanguageiNewZealand?-English.A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak()4.Therearemanypeopletobuycarsinthemodernworld.A.wantB.wantedC.wantingD.towant()5.ThecarinGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.A.producedB.producingC.toproduceD.whichproduced()6.-Whatareonshowinthemuseum?-SomepicturesbytheAfricans.A.

30、drawingB.drawnC.drewD.weredrawn()7.Whatisthebestwaydoyouthinkthewildanimals?A.protectingB.toprotectingC.protectedD.toprotect()9TheproblemsatthemeetingtomorrowarereallyhardtosolveA.discussedB.todiscussC.tobediscussedD.discussing()10.Thewordswith“L”arenteasilyforgotten.A.startingB.startedC.tostartD.wh

31、osestarting()11.Haveyougotanything?A.toopentheboxB.openingtheboxwithC.openingtheboxD.toopentheboxwith.-Hello,whatareyoureading?-AbookbyBillGates.A.writingB.writtenC.towriteD.whichwritten()13.YesterdayIheardastorybymyfriend.A.toldB.tellingC.totellD.tell()14.Isthereanytimetothemuseum?A.goingB.togoC.go

32、esD.goneoe.)12链接高考(福建卷)33。Canthoseatthebackoftheclassroomhearme?A.seatB.sitC.seatedD.sat(湖南卷)26.Thetreesinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown(江西卷)28.Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime.A.allowingB.toallowC.allowedD.allows(浙江卷)13.Itisoneofthefunniest

33、thingsontheInternetsofarthisyear.A. findingB.beingfoundC.tofindD.found上海卷)33.Ifthereisalotofwork,Imhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.A. todoB.tobedoingC.doneD.doing不定式、动名词作宾语用法要点一、下面动词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下歹0小诗：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。Decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,

34、pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help此外，afford,strive(斗争)等也要用不定式作宾语。例如： ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby. Weagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasntturnedupyet. Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystate-runcompaniesarestrivingtomaketheirproductsmorecompetitive.二、下列动词只能用动名

35、词作宾语，请牢记下列小诗：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成停欣赏，不禁介意准逃亡。consider/suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardon,admit,delay/putoff,fancy,avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practise,deny,finish,enjoy/appreciatejanthelp,mind,allow/permit,escape,imagine,forbid,risk此夕卜beusedto,lookforwardto,leadto,devoteto,stickto,objectt

36、o,getdownto,payattentionto,cantsindt),giveup,feellike,insiston,putoff,thankyoufor,apologizefor,bebusy(in),havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in)等动词词组也要用动名词作宾语。 Thesquirrelswasluckythattheyjustmissedbeingcaught. IcanhardlyimaginePetersailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays. Iwoul

37、dappreciateyourcallingbackthisafternoon.三、下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意。1. forgettodosth.忘记去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记已经做过某事remembertodosth.记住去做某事rememberdoingsth.记得曾经做过某事regrettodosth.后悔/遗憾去做某事regretdoingsth.后悔做过某事stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止做一件事情trytodosth.努力/试图做某事trydoingsth.尝试着做某事

38、meantodosth.意欲/想/企图做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事goontodosth.（故完某事）接着做另一件事goondoingsth继续做同一件事（=goonwithsth.）canthelptodosthP能帮助做某事canthelpdoingsth|#不自禁地做某事2. 动词like,love,prefer后接不定式或动名词作宾语均可。如表示经常性的行为可用动名词，如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式。但要注意：如果like,love,prefer前有would/should后面则应接动词不定式。如：Ilikeswimming,butIdontliketoswimthis

39、afternoon.Iliketogoswimmingthisweekend.3. 在动词allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。即：allow/advise/forbid/permitdoingsth.allow/advise/forbid/permitsb.todosth.如：Wedontallowsmokinghere.Wedontallowstuddntosmoke.4. 动词need,require,want作需要”解时，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，表示事情需要做。

40、这时动名词的主动式表示被动意义。beworth后必须用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。此外，若动词need表需要”，require表要求”，want表想要”这些意义时，其后须接名词或代词作宾语，然后接不定式作宾语补足语。即：need/require/wantdoing/tobedoneneed/require/wantsb.todosth.beworth+n.（表示钱数或相当丁钱数的名词）beworthdoingbeworthyofbeingdonebeworthyof+n.值得beworthytobedone如：Thewindowneeds/requires/wantscleaning.The

41、windowneeds/requires/wantstobecleaned.窗户需要擦一下。Theplaceisworthvisiting.Theplaceisworthyofavisit.Theplaceisworthyofbeingvisited.Theplaceisworthytobevisited.那个地方值得一去。如：onlyoneofthesebooksisworthreading.一Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?Oh,excellent,Itsworthreadingasecondtime.四、动词不定式作动词tell,show,understand,expla

42、in,teach,learn,advise,discuss,ask,decide,wonder,findout等词的宾语时，前面常带wh-引导词。即how,what,whether,where,when,who等+todo。但why+不带to的不定式。注意此用法的不定式的逻辑主语需与主句的主语或宾语保持一致，否则用宾语从句。例如：Heshowedushowtodothework.(=Heshowedushowweshoulddothework.)Idontknowwhattodo.(=IdontknowwhatIlldo.)Canyoutellmewhydoit?五、动词不定式在介词but,o

43、therthan后面时，如果介词之前有行为动词do的某种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to,否则就要带to。另外在cantchoosebut,canhelpbut,cantfiuW的不定式也要省略to。如：Wecoulddonothingbut/otherthanwait.Wehadnothingtodobut/otherthanwait.Wehavenochoicebuttowait.Icantchoosebutlaugh.Exercises1. Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit.A.reusingB.re

44、usedC.reusesD.tobereused2. BillsuggestedameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A.havingheldB.toholdC.holdingD.hold3. Davidthreatenedhisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.A.tobereportedB.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported4. -DoesyourbrotherintendtolearnGerman?-Yes,heintends.A.

45、XB.toC.soD.that5. IwouldlovetothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone6. Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremainswhethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen7. Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatinmynewjob.A.expec

46、tedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects8. Idontknowwhetheryouhappen,bi/tmgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.A.tobeheardB.tobehearingC.tohearD.tohaveheard9.1 stillremembertotheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takingD.beingtaken10.Somethingassimpleassomecoldwatermayclearyourmindandreli

47、evepressureA.todrinkB.drinkingC.tobedrinkingD.drunkII.Susanwantstobeindependentofherparents.Shetriedalone,butshedidntlikeitandmovedbackhome.A.livingB.toliveC.tobelivingD.havinglived12.1 heartheyvepromotedTom,buthedidntmentionwhenwetalkedonthephone.A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tob

48、epromoted13. ThereisnothingmoreIcantryyoutostay,soIwishyougoodluck.A.beingpersuadedpersuadingC.tobepersuadedD.topersuade14. Youcantimaginewhatdifficultywehadhomeinthesnowstorm.A.walkedB.walkC.towalkD.walking15. ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang,whowasreportedtheworldrecordinthe110-meterhurdl

49、erace.A.breakingB.havingbrokenC.tohavebrokenD.break1-5:DCCBB;6-10:BBDDB;11-15:ABDDC1. IcantstandwithJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestalkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop2. Eugenesneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.Itsnousewithhim.A.toargueB.arguin

50、gC.arguedD.havingargued3.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalwaysherpermissionforthings,thinkagain.A.getsB.gotC.togetD.getting4. Asthetwentiethcenturycametoaclose,therawmaterialsforagreatnationalliteraturewereathand,waiting.A.touseB.tobeusedC.tohaveusedD.tobeusing5. Afterhebecameconsciousherememb

51、eredandontheheadwitharod.A.toattack;hitB.tobeattackedtobehitC.attacking；behitD.havingbeenattackedhit6.Isntittimeyougotdowntothepapers?A.markB.bemarkedC.beingmarkedD.marking7. Theparentssuggestedinthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip.A.sleepB.tosleepC.sleepingD.havingslept8.Itisd

52、ifficulttoimaginehisthedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.A.acceptB.acceptingC.toacceptD.accepted1-5:CBDBD;6-10:DCB不定式、分词作状语用法要点一、不定式作状语Hesatdowntohavearest.表目的）Theywenttheretovisittheirteacher.他们去那里拜访老师。（表目的）Hewokeuponly/justtofindeverybodygone.他醒来发现大家都走了。（表示结果）MygrandmotherlivedtoseetheliberationofCh

53、ina.我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。（表示结果）在某些形容词作表语，表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如：Iamverygladtoseeyou.我非常高兴地见到你。Iamsosorrytohearyourmotherisill.听至U你母亲生病真遗憾。在带有enough或too的句子里，也常用不定式作状语，表示程度。如：Hewastooexcitednottosayafewwords.他太激动了，不会不讲几句话的。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他至U上学年龄了。Sheistootiredtodothejob.她太累而不能做那件工作了。注意：强调动词不定式所表示的目的

54、时，动词不定式可用inorderto（为了）或soasto（以便）+动词原形。soasto不用丁句首。Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.他早起为了赶上第一班车。Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassenger车停下来以便接仑内乘客。Tolookathim,youwouldlikehim.（表条件）Totellyouthetruth,Ihavegotnomoneyaboutme.Tobehonest,Iknownothingaboutit.修饰全句，独立成分）二、分词作状语1. 分词作状语的基本原则分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句

55、子的主语保持一致。分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用分词作状2. 分词作状语的句法功能分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while或when引出。如：Hearingthenews,theygotexcited.（寸间）Becarefulwhile/whencrossingthestreet.肘间）Havingbeenbittenbyasnake,shewasfrightenedati挪因）Givenachance,Icansurprisetheworld.条件）Thecupdropp

56、edtotheground,breakingintopieces.结果）Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake订（步）Theteachercameintothelab,followedbysomestudents伴随状况）3. 独立成分作状语有些分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：Generallyspeaking般说来Franklyspeaking坦白地说Judgingfrom根据来判断Considering考虑到Totellyouthetruth说实话非谓语动词作状语练习（A）（时间原因条件状语）1. anythingabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.A.NotknownB.KnowingnotC.KnownnotD.Notknowing2. moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven3. in1636,Harvardisoneofthemostfamous