英语冠词和代词大汇总

1、冠词定义：冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词前，帮助指示名词的含义分类：冠词分为不定冠词（a, an）,定冠词（the）,和零冠词。I.不定冠词的用法:1类人或事，相当于 a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.3表小 每 相当丁, every, oneWe study eight hours a day.4表不 相同 相当于 the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人肩类似性质的人或事A Mr

2、. Smith came to visit you when you were outThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.6用于固定词组中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于 quite, rather, many, half,what, such 之后This room is rather a big one.8用于so（as, too, how）+ 形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to mee

3、t.口诀一名词是秃子， 常要戴帽子；可数名词单，需用a或an ；辅音前用 a , 元音前用 an；复数不可数泛指the不见；碰到代词时，冠词均不现.名词一般情况下不单独用，常常要和冠词连用；表示不明确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,特指时要用定冠词the;即：可数名词单数不能单独存在，必须有限定词修饰。如复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指或名词前有his, these, my, some等限定词时就不用冠词.II.定冠词的用法:1表示某一类人或物The horse is a useful animal.2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pa

4、cific Ocean3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door?4用于乐器前面play the violin, play the guitar5用于形容词和分词前表 十类人the reach, the living, the wounded6表示乙家人”或夫妇”the Greens, the Wangs7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级刖He is the taller of the two children.8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Part

5、y ofChina, the French9用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的复数数词之前，AT世纪的某个年代in the 1990 s11用于表示单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时问的词组前He patted me on the shoulder.以上口诀归纳了用定冠词的一般情况，即：特指某些人或物谈话双方都熟悉的人或事上文已经提到的人或事世界上独一无二的事物前序数词和形容词最高级前某些专有名词前一些习惯短语(如:in the morning等)中

6、和乐器前(如:play the violin / piano )。III.零冠词的用法:1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2名词前后 this, my, whose, some, no,each, every 等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made Pre

7、sident of America.5学科，谛言，球类，棋类名词前He likes playing football/chess.6与by连用表示交通工具的名词前by train, by air, by land7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day andnight8表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.、不用冠词的集中情况下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前；专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭；复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前；颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。以上口诀主要概括了一般应“免冠”的几种

8、情况，即：名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词。专有名词和不可数名词前。表示学科的(如:maths、Chinese、physics)名词前。球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前。复数名词表示泛指(一类人或事)时。节日、季节、星期、月份前。表示颜色(如:It's red/yellow.)、语种(如:speak English/Japanese )和 国家的非全称名词(如： We live in China. They come from America.)。在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。某些习惯短语中(如：in bed、go to school等)。-So, you

9、 are running restaurant.-Yes, but I don t want to make restaurant only for rich people.A. the; B. the; the C. a; the D. a; a2. Mary is university student. She is ordinary-looking girl with thickglasses.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; the D. the; an3. - What s your elder sister?-She is teacher and writer.A.

10、 the; the B. a; C. a; a D. the; a4. - Why not take friend with you?-That sounds like good idea.A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a5. That Alice returned last night gave her mother.A. the great surprise B. a great surprise C. great surprise D. great surprising6. Paris is most beautiful city, wher

11、e you can see famous EiffelTower.A. a; the B. a; C. the; a D. ; the7. Professor Smith had not given talk on Shakespeare for a long time, sohe had to brush up on some of plays.A. ; B. a; the C. the; D. the; the8. He found it difficult to make living in those days.A. a B. an C. the9. He had decided to

12、 give it up, but on second thoughts be decided to trythird time.A. the; the B. ; C. a; a D. ; a10. Thanks for giving me I wanted.A. the information B. a information C. informations D. the informations11. - The news is spreading from mouth to mouth.-Yes, it s become talk of town.A. a; a B. the; C. th

13、e; the12. Pay attention to road sign while driving in foreign country.A. a; a B. the; the C. the; a D. a; the13. - Were they first to fly to space?-Yes, so they felt bit proud.A. the; ; a B. a; a; aC. a; the; D. the; the; the14. Missisippi is one of longest rivers in the world.A. ; B. The; the C. ;

14、the15. wireless telephone is ready for a call.A. Smiths ' B. The Smith C. The Smith s D. The Smiths '16. United States of America lies between Atlantic Ocean andPacific Ocean.A. ; the; the B. The; ; C. ; ; D. The; the; the17. One must know what true,good and beautiful.A. ; ; B. the; the; the

15、 C. a; ; the D. a; a; the18. The tiger was shot in head.A. that B. C. the D. its19. This took place in.A. a 1930s B. 1930s C. the 1930s ' D. the 1930s20. Land to east of Urals is called Asia.A. ; the; the B. the; the; C. ; the; D. the; the; the21. He took smaller of the two.A. one B. a C. the22.

16、 Alice is fond of playing piano while Henry is interested in listening tomusic.A. ; the B. the; the C. the; 23. Mother does most of at home.A. clean B. the cleaning C. a clean D. cleaning24. discovered iron, which is very useful metal.A. The man; ; a B. The man; ; C. Man; ; a D. Man; the; a25. My fa

17、ther and mother are teachers.A. the B. C. those D. these26. - Have you any sister?-No, I have sister.A. ; no B. an; not C. some; no D. an; no27. big swimming pool in out school was completed in May of 1998,not in April, 1996.A. A; ; B. The; the; C. A; the; 28. I like history. I am studying history o

18、f China.A. ; a B. the; C. ; the29. The workers made him of the factory.A. head B. a head C. the head D. one head30. Having been told that bad weather was on way, they decided toput the game off.A. a; the B. the; this C. ; that D. ; the31. These old woman like walking in Hyde park.A. the B. a C. D. a

19、n32. It s easier to write plays for television than for radio.A. the; the B. ; C. the; D. ; the33. People dream of walking in like astronauts one day.A. a space B. the space C. spaces D. space.冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划 乂1 .There is picture of elephant on wall .2 .This is useful book . I've rea

20、d it for hour .3 .elephant is much heavier than horse .4 .doctor told him to take medicine three times day5 .Let's go out for walk .1.1 t's too hot . Open door, please .7 .There is woman over there . woman is Meimei's mother8 .sun rises in east .9 .Changjiang River is longest river in Ch

21、ina .10 .Are you going to do it second time ?11 .Washington is capital of USA .12 .Turners are living at the end of Turner Street13 .He joined the army in spring of 19951. .old man is teacher . He likes playing basketballafter supper .15. After I had quick breakfast , I hurried to school .16. Are sh

22、eep kept by farmers for producing wooland meat ?17. They went to People's Park, but we both went to People's Cinema yesterday .18. I often watch TV in evening .19. day of December 20 , 1999 is Monday .20. Tomorrow is Christmas Day and my father and I went to chooseChristmas tree today .21. .

23、 I think maths is more important than any other subject .22. He often goes to school by bike .23. What does this word mean , Father ?24. What important news !II.选择填空。1. Does Jim have ruler ?Yes , he has .B. a； oneC. a； / D. any； one2. There is old bike . old bike is Mr Zhao'sA. an ； TheB. the； A

24、n C . a； The D. the； The3. apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay .A. The B. A C. An D. Two4. How many books do you have ?I have book . That's English book .A. a； an B . a； one C . one； an D. one； one5. At that time Tom was one-year-old babyA. a B. an C. the D. /6. tiger is China .A. The； a B. A; t

25、he C. The； from D. The； the7. We can't see sun at night .A. the； the B . the； / C. a； / D. /; /8. useful book it is !A. What an B. How a C. What a D. What9. One afternoon he foundhandbag . There wass on theC. an； an； an D. the； a； acorner of handbag .A. a； an； the B. a； a； the10. old lady with w

26、hite hair spoke English well at meeting .A. An； an； a B. The； /; an C . The； /; a D. The； /; the11. Great Wall is longest wall in the worldA. A； a B. The； the C. A； the D. The； a12. new bridge has been built over Huangpu RiverA. The； a B. A； / C. A； the D. An; the13. woman over there is popular teac

27、her in our schoolA. A； an B. The； a C. The； the D . A； the14. He used to be teacher but later he turned writer .A. a； a B. a； the C. /; a D. a； /15. They made him king .A. aB. theC. anD. /16. His father is English teacher . He works in our school .A. aB. anC. theD. /17. Is he American boy ?A. an B.

28、aC. one D. /18. Does Tom often play football after school ?A. /； / B. /； the C. the； / D. a； /19. They passed our school day before yesterday .A. an B. one C. a D. the20. Australia is English-speaking country .A. a B. anC. the D. /21. . She has orange skirt . skirt is nice .A. a； The B . an； The C.

29、an； A D. the； The22. This is apple . It's big apple .A. an； a B. a； the C. a； an D. an； the23. Look at horse over there .A.aB.anC. theD. /24. Don't play basketball here . It's dangerous .A.aB.anC. /D. the25. There is old woman in the car .A. / B. the C. aD. an26. Beijing is beautiful cit

30、y . It's capital of China .A. a； a B. the; the C . the D. a； the27. Shanghai is in east of China.A. / B.anC. aD.the28. I've been astudent there for nearly twoand half years .A. a B.anC. theD./29. Bill is English teacher . He likes playing football .A. a； the B. an； the C. a； / D. an； /30. Th

31、e museum is quite far . It will take you half hour to get there bybus.A. an；/B. an；a C.a；/ D./；/初中英语冠词用法专项练习答案与详解1. 1. a； an； the2. a； an。第一个空的a是泛指，第二个空的an是指"小时”。3. An； a。这两个空都是泛指，故都用不定冠词。4. The； the； a。前两个空都是特指，故填the；后一个空中的a相当于every 或 each , three times a day 意为 "大三次”。5. a。go out for a wa

32、lk 意为 出去散步”。6. the7. a； The。前者泛指，后者特指。8. The； the。第一个空用the表示太阳是世界上独一无二的物体；第二个空用 the是因为在方位词的前面一般用定冠词。9. The； the, X第一空用the是因为在河流名称的前面用定冠词；第二空用 the是因为在形容词最高级前面用定冠词；第三空零”冠词是因为专有名词前一般不加冠词。10. a。a second time 意为 再一次"、另一次"。the second time 意为 第二 次”。此句填a是表示动作的重复，而不能用the （表顺序）。11. the； the。第一个the是特

33、指美国的首都。第二个the是在由普通名词构 成的专有名词前应加定冠词。12. The。the +姓氏的复数"表示"家人”或 失妻二人”。由普通名词构成的 专有名词前应加the。13. the；又表示在某一年的季节名称前应加定冠词。14. The a； x； X在球类名称前不加冠词。泛指的三餐名称前不加冠词。15. a0三餐名称前若有形容词，则可在形容词前加冠词，此处是泛指，故用a16.4不4X此句意为农民养羊是为了产毛和肉吗？ ”前两个空也可填定 冠词，意为： 那些农民养的那些羊是为了产毛和肉吗？”17. the； the。普通名词构成的专有名词前应加 the。18. K

34、the。TV前不加冠词。 早、午、晚”名词前加冠词。19. The；天又第一空是特指。日期名词前不加冠词。20. K a21 .又学科名称前一般不加冠词。22. x； X go to school 上学。by bike 骑自行车。23.4X指示代词不能与定冠词连用。24 X注意news是不可数名词，故不能加a。II.1. Bo第一空是泛指；第二空的one是不定代词，用以替代前面的rulero2. A3. Co这是一句谚语，意思是 "大吃一个苹果，用不着看医生。”4. Co one强调数量，用以回答 Howmany . . ? ”问句；第二个空是泛指，故 用an。5. Ao one虽以

35、元音字母开头，但以辅音音素w开头，故填a。6. Co此句意为：这只老虎来自中国。”7. B。在 太阳、月亮、地球”的前面一般都加定冠词the； at night在夜晚”, 注意该短语中没有冠词。8. C9. Ao S”虽为辅音字母，但却以元音音素e开头，故填an。10. Do第一个空填the,是特指那个白发老太太”；第二个空不填冠词，是因为在语言名称前面一般不加冠词。English后面如有 language ,就得说 theEnglish language。在会议上”应为 at the meeting。11. Bo the Great Wall 长城。12. Co第一个空是泛指，用a；第二个空

36、是河流名称，故用the。13. Bo第一个空：那边的那个妇女”，是特指；第二个空是指那个妇女的身份、职业，是泛指。14. Do第一个空是泛指；第二个空用零冠词”是因为turn后面的名词前一般都不加冠词。15. Do表示某人的职位时可用 零冠词”。16. B17. A 18. Ao after school 放学以后。19. Do the day before yesterday 前天。20. B21 . Bo第一空泛指，第二空特指。22. Ao两个空都是泛指。23. C 24. C 25. D 26. D27. Do in the east of在某地区（内）的东部。28. Ao two an

37、d a half years 也可说成 two years and a half ,意思都是 两年 半”。29. D30. A。half an hour半小时，by bus乘公共汽车。代词:1、代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、 关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。2、人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称，分为主格和宾格两种形式。第一人称单数第二人称单数第三人称单数第一人称 复数第二 人称 复数第三人称复数阳性阴 性中 性主格I（我）you （你）he（他）she（她）it（它）we（我们）you（你彳门）they （他们，她们，它们）宾格me（我）y

38、ou （你）him（他）her（她）it（她）us（我们）you（你彳门）them （他 们，她们，它 们）1、主格 用来作句子的 主语、表语。如：I often go shopping on Sundays.期天我常去购物）/ Are they from Brazil?（他们是巴西人吗？ ）/ Where have they gone?（他们上哪儿去了） ） / That s也（就那么回事）/ It's he!（是他！）2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的 宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?（今年谁教你们的英语？ ）/ Help me!（救救我

39、！）/ We often write letters to her.（我们常给他写信）3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时，可以用主 格形式，也可以用宾格形式，口语中大多用宾格。如：-Who is it?（是谁？） ，t's I/me.（是我。）4、三个不同人称同时出现，或者主语中包含“我”时按照you-he T”的顺序表达。但是当受到批评或承认错误时正好相反如：Both he and I_are working at that computer company.（我和他者B在那家电月而公司上班）-I, Li lei and you are wrong. We

40、 should do more forthe project5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外，还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、 动名词或者名词性从句。如：-What's the weather like today?（今天天气怎样？）一|ts 巾ne.（天气晴好）/ It s 12： 00.（12 点）/ It s a long way to go.（那可要走 好长的路）/ It took him three days to clean his house.（打扫屋子花了他三天的时 问）/ It_is ver

41、y clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.（很显然，公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空）3、物主代词：说明事物所属关系的代词，分为形容词性和名词性两种。第一人称单数第二人称单数第三人称单数A人 称复 数第二人称复数第三人称复数阳性阴性中性形容词性my（我的）your（你的）his（他的）her（她的）its（它的）our（我们 的）your（你们 的）their （他们的，她们 的，它们的）名词 性mine（我的）Yours（你的）his（他的）hers（她的）its（她的）ours（我们 的）y

42、ours（你们 的）theirs（他们的，她们 的，它们的）1、形容词性物主代词 只能作句子中名词的修饰语，后面要跟名词。如：Is that your umbrella? （那是你的伞吗？ ）/ I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.（我经常在星期天去看望阿姨）/ They are their books .（是他们 的书）2、名词性物主代词 相当于名词，既代替事物又表明所属关系，在句子中往往独 立地作主语、宾语或者表语，后面千万不可以跟名词。如：This is your cup,but where is mine?（这是你的杯子，可我的在哪儿？）/ You

43、r classroom is very big, but ours is rather small .（你们的教室彳艮大，我 们的相当小）3、of +名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格，作定语时放在名词的后面。如：A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.（我的个朋友昨天来看我了）（指若干朋友中有一个来看我。）试比较My friend came to see me yesterday .（我的朋友昨天来看我 了）（指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。）4、反身代词：表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。第一人第二人第三人称单 数第一人称第二人称第

44、三人称称单数称单数阳性阴性中 性复数复数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselve（我自己）（你自己）（他自己）（她自己）（它自己）（我们自己）（你们自己）s （他们/她们/它们自己）1、反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射（指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身）如：Don't play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.（不要玩刀子，那会割伤你的）2、在句子中作同位语表示强调（即用来强调名词或代词的语气）。如：The story itself is good. Only

45、 he didn't tell it well.（故事本身是好的，只是他没有讲好）5、指示代词：指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在 的人或事物。单数复数含义this（这个）these （ 这 些）指较近的人和物that（那个）those （那 些）指较远的人和物such （这样的人/物）指上文提过的人和物same （同样的人/物）指和上文提过的相同的人和物it （这人/这物）指不太清楚是谁或者是什么时一指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语，也可以作定语修饰名 词。如：What s this?（这是什么？）/ That model plane is made of

46、 plastic. （那只模 型飞机是塑料做的）（被动句）/ Remember never to do such things.（记得永 远不要做这样的事情）/ Do the same as the teacher tells you.（按老师说的做）/ -Who is it?（是谁?）-也s me!（是我!）6、关系代词：用来引导定语从句的代词叫 关系代词，参见后面的定语从句。1、关系代词who、which、that、whom 等，将定语从句和主句连接起来。英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任一定的成分，另一方面又起连接作用。如：The student who is drawing a pic

47、ture is in Grade One.（正在M的学生是一年级的）2、关系代词who / whom指人，如果作从句的宾语，则有时省略。如：Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat ?（你认识刃 B个戴着红 巾冒r町男人吗？）3、关系代词which指物，如果作从句的宾语，则有时省略。如：Have you found the book which you 10st several days ago?（你找到几天前丢失的那本书了吗？）4、关系代词that既可指人也可指物，如果作从句的宾语，则有时省略。如： Can you see the man/do

48、g that is running along the river bank ?（你看得 见顺着河跑的男人/狗了吗？）7、连接代词：用来引导 宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句 的连接词称连接代词。英语中连接代词主要有：what（什 么）,who （谁）,whom （谁）,which （哪个）,whose （谁的）。详见相应从句。8、不定代词：代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词单数 含义som e anyno none/each(every)oneeither, neithersothe other, another复合不 定代词/、可数 含义muchlittle, a littleall/

49、复数 含义manyfew, a fewonesbothothers, theothersX 注：复合不定代词 有12个：something （某事），someone （某人）,somebody （某人），anything（任何事），anyone （任何人），anybody （任何人），nothing （没 事）,nobody （没有人），no one（没有人），everything （一切），everyone （每 个人），everybody （每个人）.（1）some和any的用法：some 一般用于肯定句中，意思是“几个一些”“某个”作定语时可修饰可数 名词或不可数名词。如：I have

50、some work to do today.（今天我有 些事情要做）/ They will go there some day .（他们有朝一日会去那儿） some用于疑问句时，表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。如：Would you like some coffee with sugar ?（你要加糖的咖啡吗？）any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中，意思是“任何一些"任何一个:作定语时 可修饰可数或不可数名词。 如：They didn 't have any friends here.（他 们在这里没有朋友）/ Have you got any questions to ask

51、?（你有问题要 问吗？）any用于肯定句时，意思是“任何的="Come here with any friend .（随便带什 么朋友来吧。）（2）no和none的用法：no是形容词，只能作定语表示，意思是“没有；修饰可数名词（单数或复数）或 不可数名词。如：There is no time left. Please hurry up.（没有时间了， 请快点）/ They had no reading books to lend .（他们没有阅读用书可以 出借）none只能独立使用，在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语，意思是“没有一个人 （或事物）"，表示复数或单数。如：None

52、 of them is/are in the classroom.（他们当中没有一个在教室里）/ I have many books, butnone is interesting .（我有很多的书，但没有一本是有趣的）（3）all和both的用法：all指三者或三者以上的人或物，用来代替或修饰可数名词；也可用来代替 或修饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物，用来代替或修饰可数名词。all和both在句子中作主语、 宾语、表语、定语等。如：I know all of the four British students in their school.（他们学校里四个英国学生我全认识 ）/ -Wo

53、uld you like this one or that one? Both.（你要这个还是那个?两个都要。）all和both既可以修饰名词（all/both+（the）+名词），也可以独立使用，采用 all/both + of the +名词（复数）”的形式其中的of可以省略。如：A （of）（the） boys are naughty .（是男孩都调皮）（4）every 和 each 用法：every是形容词，只能作定语修饰单数名词，意思是“每一个:表示整体概念； each是形容词、代词,可用作主语、宾语、定语等，意思是“每个”或者“各个” 表示单个概念；each可以放在名词前，可以后跟

54、of短语,与动词同时出 现时要放在be动词、助动词、情态动词”之后或者行为动词之前every和each都用作单数理解，但是下文中既可以用单数的代词（如he/him/his）也可以用复数的代词（如they/them/their）替代。如：Every one of the students in his class studies very hard.（他班上每个学生学习者B很用功）/ They are very busy. Each of them has something todo.（他们很忙,人人都有事干）（5）either 和 neither 的用法：either意思是“两个中间的任何一

55、个"；neither是either的否定形式，意思是 “两个都不”neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等，都用作单数。如：I don't care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do.（我不介意喝些什么，两个之中随便哪个都行）/ -W川you go there by bus or by car?-Neither. I will go there by train.（你坐公车去还是坐轿车去？ 一个都不坐,我坐火车去。）（6）other、the other 和 another 的用法：other意思是“另一”“另一些有复数形式。在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语。 another意思是“另外”“又一个：/示增加，在句中可作宾语和定语。如：Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking .（有些女孩在大苹果树下唱歌，别的就躺在草地上 说话）/ You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one?（你已经吃了好几块饼子了，你真的还要一块？ ）/ I want a