研究生英语综合教程上Unit2

1、高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（上）综合教程（上）INTEGRATED COURSE2UNIT 2ART OF THE TABLE Content Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final ProjectTask 1 Chinese cuisine has become widespread in many parts of the worldfrom East Asia to North America, Australia to Western Europe.

2、Regional cultural differences vary greatly among the different regions of China, giving rise to the different styles of food. There are eight main regional cuisines: Anhui, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Sichuan and Zhejiang. Work in pairs to choose two different regional cuisines with

3、 which you are familiar from the eight alternatives above. Compare them by discussing the ingredients, preparation, flavors etc. (P35)Whats your favorite dish? Why? How is it prepared?Task 2 With the ever-widening opening up to the outside world, Western practices exert some influence, yet they have

4、 not really changed the eating habits of the Chinese people. (P35)Do you think globalization will have an effect on traditional Chinese eating habits? If so, why and how? If not, why not? I think globalization will have an effect on Chinese eating habits. Since Reform and Opening-up, Western practic

5、es have exerted profound influence on the living style of Chinese people. We can see that great changes have taken in the way we feed ourselves. For example, many Chinese today like to have burgers, sandwiches and coffee instead of steamed buns and soybean milk for breakfast. I dont think globalizat

6、ion will have an effect on traditional Chinese eating habits. Take me for example, I prefer porridges to burgers for breakfast and tea to coffee or coke. I think Chinese food, one of the most popular food choices in most parts of the world, has a very long history and distinctive characteristics. Mo

7、st people I know enjoy traditional Chinese food because it tastes delicious and the price is reasonable. Therefore, globalization will have little effect on traditional Chinese eating habits.Task 3 Discuss with your partner the following questions. Globalization is everywhere. In the food industry,

8、we see that giants such as KFC and McDonalds have entered Chinese market and established many franchises in major Chinese cities. (P35) Do you often eat Western style fast food in KFCs or McDonalds? If yes, what do you think of the food served there? If not, why not? Yes, I often have fast food in K

9、FC and McDonalds. Fast food chains can provide food of relatively uniform size, volume or even shape all over the world because of its strict standard. No matter where I am, I will have burgers and chips of the same taste. Thats really fantastic! No, I dont like fast food in KFC and McDonalds. Excep

10、t burgers and chips, they cannot provide anything else that is interesting and creative. Food there is really a nuisance with awful taste and unattractive price. Besides, the high-calorie food is a nightmare for me. Dont forget that Im on a diet these days. Some people worry that the popularity of t

11、he Western style fast food among Chinese people, young people in particular, will give rise to a decline in the popularity of traditional Chinese food, such as, the steamed bun. (P35) Do you agree? Why or why not? Apart from American fast food and hotel buffets, what do you know about western eating

12、 habits?Task 3 With all these new choices, we must use food pyramid guide to make _. This most important group is made up of all food _. But vegetable group also includes carrots, potatoes and other_. _is rich in protein, vitamins and minerals including calcium. _is the smallest part. healthy food s

13、electionmade from whole grainsslightly edible plantsDairy food The tip of the pyramid Food PyramidListen carefully to an audio clip about food pyramid and complete the blank-filling exercise.Culinary Delights in China Global Understanding 2Detailed Information3Critical Thinking4Language Points5Vocab

14、ulary in Action6Background Information1Listen to a dialogue on Food and Restaurants, and complete the gap-filling exercise. 1. If you want a hamburger, hotdog or fried potato, you can go to those _ or _.2. But remember, if you choose to stay there enjoying your food, you should _ after finishing the

15、 meal.3. And if you want some vegetables, you can go to the _ on the street.4. In diners or coffee shops, you can order food of various levels according to _ and _.5. Finally, using _ are the easiest way to solve your food problem. You can find anything in it.refreshment stands snack bars pay some t

16、ips salad bars your own preference economic statusvending machines Global Understanding2Local Chinese cuisines3Every dish has a story4Warmth and hospitalityexpressed by food(Paras. 2-5)(Paras. 6-11)(Paras. 12-15)Sichuan cuisine:_the use of Chinese prickly ash seeds and other spices like chili pepper

17、 Global Understandingdelicious yet economicalfamous for its spicy and hot food Guangdong cuisine:with its _ _ _B. famous for _ _C. _Global Understandingown characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China and the worldits seafood as well as for its originality and re

18、fined cooking processesoffering various soupsZhejiang cuisine:A. _B. _Global Understandinglight and exquisitewith the refreshing flavors of natureGlobal UnderstandingGoubuli:A. Goubuli steamed buns _.B. They were _. Dongpo Meat:A. _, a greatpoet of the Northern SongDynasty.B. _. first sold in Tianji

19、n about 150 years ago so popular that the owner had no time to answer his customersThis dish was named after Su DongpoHe rewarded workers with stewed pork in soy sauceGlobal UnderstandingBuddha Jumping over the Wall:This dish was created in the _.B. It is prepared _.C. _. Gathering Spring Garden in

20、Fuzhou, Fujian, during the reign of Qing Emperor Guangxu.with more than 20 main ingredientsA poet wrote a poem for the dishGlobal UnderstandingEating habits have not changed.A. The old and young _.B. Elders _.C. The hostess or host _.D. Every one_. sit in order of seniority select food for the young

21、 and the young make toasts to the eldersapportions the dishes to treat gueststakes into consideration the needs of the groupGlobal UnderstandingSpecial food for social festivals:A. _.B. _.C. _.Jiaozi for the Spring FestivalYuanxiao for the Lantern FestivalZongzi for Duanwu FestivalTask 2Choose the s

22、entence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text. (P 43) Detailed Information Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-CDABDBBDABCritical ThinkingReading Focus1. Every dish has a story. In the text there are three stories about names: Goubuli steamed buns, Dongpo Meat and Buddha Jumpin

23、g over the Wall. Tell the story behind a famous dish with which youre familiar.How about “过桥米线”？Reading FocusCritical ThinkingReading FocusCritical Thinking2. “The names of some dishes are so eccentric that they may confuse people, both Chinese and foreigners. If you only translate the names literal

24、ly with no explanation, you could make a fool of yourself.” Do you agree? Provide examples to support or argue against the authors point.How about “蚂蚁上树”？Reading FocusCritical Thinking3. Some people say that you are what you eat. In the text, the author believes that culinary customs have had a cert

25、ain influence on the character of the Chinese people. Do you agree or not? Draw on your personal experience or come up with facts to support your opinion.Reading FocusCritical Thinking4. Now more and more Chinese also celebrate Western festivals. With the popularity of Western festivals in China. Do

26、 you think that Chinese people will be less concerned about what food they eat at festivals? Back up your opinion with examples.1. Sichuan, known as Natures Storehouse, is also a storehouse of cuisine. Here, each and every restaurant provides delicious yet economical culinary fare. (Para. 3) fare: (

27、n.) 1) food, especially food served in a restaurant or eaten on a special occasion e.g. traditional Christmas fare 2) the price you pay to travel somewhere by bus, train, plane etc. e.g. Air fares have shot up by 20%.Language Point 2. Guangdong Province is located in southern China, with a moderate

28、climate and abundant produce all year round. (Para. 4) moderate: (adj.) neither very big nor very small, very hot nor very cold, very fast nor very slow etc 中等的，适度的中等的，适度的 moderate exercise 适度的运动 a moderate income 过得去的收入 have moderate success 大致还算成功 at a moderate speed 以适中的速度 “produce”, used as a no

29、un, means food or other things that have been grown or produced on a farm to be sold e.g. fresh local produce 新鲜特产 dairy produce 奶产品 Language Point 3. Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River. (Para. 5) light: (adj.) food or alchholic drink t

30、hat is light either does not have a strong flavor or is easy to digest e.g. 1) We had a light white wine with the fish. 2) a light, refreshing dessert exquisite: (adj.) extremely beautiful and delicate 精致的；精致的；精美的精美的 e.g. an exquisite hand-painted vase 精致的手绘花瓶精致的手绘花瓶 Language Point 4. Buddha Jumping

31、 over the Wall was created in a restaurant called Gathering Spring Garden in Fuzhou, Fujian, during the reign of the Qing Emperor, Guangxu (1875-1908). (Para. 11) reign: (n.) the period of time during which someone is king or queen e.g. changes that took place during his reign reign: (v.) to rule a

32、nation or group of nations as their king, queen, or emperor e.g. George VI reigned from 1936 to 1952.Language Point 5. The elders select food for the young while the young make toasts to the elders. (Para. 12) If you make a toast to someone, you drink something in order to thank them, wish them luck

33、 etc. e.g. Id like to make a toast to the bride and groom. Language Point 6. In China, food eaten during festivals is particularly important. At different festivals, people partake of different fare. (Para. 15) partake of: to eat or drink something that is offered to you e.g. 1) Grandmother likes to

34、 partake of a small glass of sherry before lunch. 2) Will you partake of a glass of wine? Language Point Task 1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence. (P46)Vocabulary in Action Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-ABBCBABCACTask 21. budA. A blossom develops

35、from a _.B. In this poem, the _ flower means youth.2. accessA. The only _ to that ancient castle is along a muddy track.B. Users can _ their voice mail remotely.3. tasteA. The medicine had a slightly bitter _.B. There was a lot of hard work before we first _ success.Fill in each of the blanks with a

36、n appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning. (P47)Vocabulary in Action bud (n.)budding (adj.)access (n.)access (v.)taste (n.)taste (v.)4. foolA. Katherine was nobodys _ when it came to money.B. Its no good _ yourself. Hes not coming back.5. produceA. The factory _ an incredible 100

37、cars per hour.B. We sell tinned goods and local _.6. garnishA. They _ the room with modern paintings.B. The chicken was served with _of parsley and green onion.7. reignA. The Queen _ but does not rule.B. The kings _ lasted for 30 years.Vocabulary in Action fool (n.)fooling (n.)produces (v.)produces

38、(n.)garnish (v.)garnishes (n.)reigns (v.)reign (n.)8. concernA. Environmental protection is a growing _ in China.B. He loved his wife, and _ for her happiness.9. nameA. The building is _ after a successful entrepreneur.B. Could I call you by your first _?10. practiceA. Ive_ playing the piano for fiv

39、e years.B. It is his_ to take a walk after dinner every evening.Vocabulary in Action concern (n.)concerned (v.)named (v.)name (n.)practiced (v.)practice (n.)Task 3Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary.Vocabulary in Action masterpiece integrate

40、 partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire handintegrationchoicehandedaspiringsteamingVocabulary in Action masterpiecespleasurepartakeamazingpresentedmasterpiece integrate partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire handA Cuisine Crisis Global Understanding Critical Thinking Language P

41、oints Vocabulary in Action1234Discuss in groups to identify the missing information.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingAbout FrenchcuisineA. As for raw materials, there are: herbs, fruits and vegetables _; seafood, e.g. _ wild game, e.g. _; and sausages and cheeses laid out to _.piled high in greengroc

42、ers creative geometricsoysterhare, venison, boarsmell and savorDiscuss in groups to identify the missing information.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingAbout FrenchcuisineB. Nothing has stood for Frances sense of exceptionalism more famously than its cooking. e.g. Water has many _ _ tastes and the tast

43、e of olive oils can be _ _.C. If French cuisine has prestige, thats because a. _ _ b. _ _. different and marketable nutty, fruity impudentFrance has chefs who are interested in good productsFrance still has peasant agriculture as well as factory farmsReading MoreGlobal UnderstandingMany factors caus

44、ed the decline of French cuisineA. Globalization_ _ Many fruits and vegetables on the outdoor market are imported from foreign countries. Gallic talent, taste and technique have been exported all over the world and at the same time, what is mediocre, cheap and popular has been imported. Reading More

45、Global UnderstandingMany factors caused the decline of French cuisineB. Government tax and economic policies a. b. c. d.More and more restaurateurs have to cope with red tape, not to mention edicts from Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie. The “harmonized” va

46、lue-added taxes benefit fast-food chains while penalizing sit-down restaurants.Strict labor laws restrict hiring, firing and temp-work. Government regulations, for example, CAP, favor quantity over quality.Critical ThinkingCritical ThinkingReading MoreCritical ThinkingRead the following sentences an

47、d decide whether you agree with the author or not. Work in groups to provide examples to support or argue against the authors points.1. Globalization is partly responsible for the decline of French cuisine.2. Artistic success often spells business disaster. 1. Meanwhile, what was mediocre elsewherea

48、lbeit cheap and popularhas been imported. (Para. 4)mediocre: (adj.) not very goode.g. 1) I thought the book was pretty mediocre. 2) Hes a person of mediocre abilities. albeit: (conj.) although; even if; even though 尽管，即使；纵然 e.g. a peaceful, albeit brief retirement 虽然短暂但却很平静的退休生活 Language Point 2. Fr

49、om the Napa Valley to the Thames and Tokyo, non-French cooks have cracked the codes of the best French cuisine. (Para. 4) Paraphrase: Cooks from other parts of the world have learned the highlights of the French cuisine.crack: (v.) to solve a complicated problem, or to find the answer to a mystery 解

50、决(难题)；解开(秘密) e.g. Detectives believe they can crack the case. 侦探们相信他们可以破这个案子。 Language Point 3. They have become ensnared in the red tape for which France is infamous. (Para. 5)ensnare: (v.) to entangle or catch in (or as if in) a mesh net e.g. Park rangers found three deer that had become ensnared

51、in traps. 公园管理员找到了3只被困在陷阱里的鹿。 ensnared into a loveless relationship 受骗而陷入一种没有爱的关系之中 infamous: well known for something bad e.g. an infamous criminal 臭名昭著的罪犯 Language Point 4. But the real paradox of French cookingin France, at leastis that artistic success often spells business disaster. (Para. 7) p

52、aradox: situation or idea that is strange because it has features or qualities that you would not expect to exist together 自相矛盾的情况；似非而是的说法；悖论 e.g. the paradox of people with the best qualifications not being able to get jobs 高学历的人无法找到工作的怪事 spell trouble/disaster/danger etc: if a situation or action

53、spells trouble etc, it makes you expect trouble etc: e.g. 1) The lack of rain could spell disaster for farmers. 2)These changes spell ruin for the company.Language Point 5. If the French were under the same fiscal regime as the United States, wed be able to create twice as many jobs. (Para. 8)regime

54、: (n.)1) a particular system of government or management, especially one you disapprove of e.g. military/totalitarian/fascist regime; brutal/oppressive/corrupt regime2) a particular system, used especially when talking about a previous system, or one that has just been introduced e.g. Under the new

55、regime, all sheep and cattle will be regularly tested for disease.Language Point 6. Many small farmers and restaurateurs seem to be fighting a rearguard action just to survive. (Para. 11)fighting a rearguard action: to make a determined effort to prevent a change that you think is bad, although it s

56、eems too late to stop it e.g. 1) They have been fighting a rearguard action to stop a supermarket being built on the land. 2) He fought a stubborn rearguard action against political reform.Language Point 7. The problems afflicting French cuisine are emblematic of those that plague the economy as a w

57、hole. (Para. 12)plague: (v.) to cause continual discomfort, suffering, or trouble to someone e.g. 1) He has been plaguing me with silly questions. 2) Financial problems continued to plague the company.Language Point Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase in the

58、 sentence. (P56)Vocabulary in Action Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-AADBABCAABTask 1Task 2 e.g. Artistic success often spells business disaster.“Spell” means indicate /signify in the sentence. English words assume different meanings in different contexts. Explain the meaning of the underlined wor

59、d in the context. (P57)Vocabulary in Action Vocabulary in Action 1. The congenial quaintness of the street market, in fact, draws directly on globalization.“congenial” means _ in the sentence.2. Non-French cooks have cracked the codes of the best French cuisine.“crack” means _ in the sentence.pleasa

60、ntunderstandVocabulary in Action 3. At the annual agricultural fair in Paris this spring, visitors not only enjoyed sipping wines, but olive oils.“fair” means _ _ in the sentence. 4. Olive oilsone a little nutty, another quite fruity, some of them, one is tempted to say, just a little impudent. “imp