教育部参赛非谓语动词陈志倩完整

1、21、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别1). “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing两个动作之间用两个动作之间用 and 连接称为连接称为并列谓语并列谓语，并列谓，并列谓语需注意两个动词形式的语需注意两个动词形式的一致性一致性，故，故B、D皆错；皆错；不用不用 and 连接时称之为连接时称之为状语状语，只能用非谓语动词，只能用非谓语动词作状语，故作状语，故C错

2、。错。angrily and pointed 32). Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage（马车）（马车） _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing seized和和took是是并列谓语并列谓语, ,disappearing 是是伴随状语伴随状语。此题的关键是此题的关键是and的位置，的位置，如

3、果如果and在在disappear前，则三个动词并前，则三个动词并列。列。and took42. 非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语(1)在表示时间、让步、方式或伴随情况时在表示时间、让步、方式或伴随情况时，非谓，非谓语动词若与句子主语在逻辑上是语动词若与句子主语在逻辑上是主动关系，用主动关系，用-ing形形式，若与句子主语在逻辑上是式，若与句子主语在逻辑上是被动关系，用被动关系，用-ed形式形式。(2)不定式作状语不定式作状语只能放在句末，且不用逗号，多只能放在句末，且不用逗号，多用于表示情绪或情感反应的动词、形容词用于表示情绪或情感反应的动词、形容词(如如glad, sorry, surpr

4、ised, frightened, delighted)之后，表示原之后，表示原因。因。(3)不定式表结果不定式表结果，可以可以用于用于tooto, enough to, so/suchas to等固定结构中。等固定结构中。eg.1. I am glad/ delighted to meet you. 2. I am sorry to hear this news.eg. 1. I am too young to go to school. 2. She was not strong enough to travel. 3. We picked apples so as to make a p

5、ie.5(4)表示目的时只能用表示目的时只能用不定式不定式，此时的不，此时的不定式可以放在句首。定式可以放在句首。(5) 在在“连词连词(如如when, while, if, though等等)+分词分词”结构中，当分词与主句主语是结构中，当分词与主句主语是主动关系时用主动关系时用-ing形式，是形式，是被动关系时用被动关系时用-ed形式。形式。1. While _ (try) to open the door, I cut my hand.trying61）She went out, _ she wuold be back in an hour. A.said B. saying C. to

6、 say D. say 注意注意 saying 为伴随状语。为伴随状语。72）Although _ (build) before the war, the engine is still in perfect order. A. builds B. to build C. buildingD. built although 在此处只是在此处只是连连词，后面的分词词，后面的分词必须考虑到与句子主语的关系。必须考虑到与句子主语的关系。build为为及物动词，意为及物动词，意为“制造制造”，故该用过去分，故该用过去分词。词。84）Several women came over _her.A. hel

7、ping B. to helpC. help D.helped5）The children sleep together _ warm.A. to keep B. keptC. keeping D. keep不定式不定式 to help和和to keep 在句在句中作目的状语。中作目的状语。93.非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词作定语(1)动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语：常放在所修饰的：常放在所修饰的名词之后，表示一个名词之后，表示一个将来的动作将来的动作，多用来，多用来修饰修饰have、there be、with之后的名词，表之后的名词，表示示“有有要要”；或修饰；或修饰“the+序数词序数词”

8、。(2)分词作定语分词作定语：被修饰的名词与分词是：被修饰的名词与分词是主动主动关系，用关系，用-ing形式形式，是，是被动被动关系时用关系时用-ed形式。形式。1. There are many things _ (do).2. Do you have time _ (help) me.to doto help10 1）She was the first person _ the office . A. come B. to come C. coming D. came不定式不定式 to come作定语修作定语修饰饰person . 112）The person _ the songs ca

9、n speak seven languages.A. to translate B.translatingC. translated D. to be translated 该题的谓语动词是该题的谓语动词是 speak，“translating”用来作定语修饰用来作定语修饰主语主语 the person。can speak123). This is one of the houses _ last year.A. to build B.buildingC. built D. to be built过去分词过去分词built 作定语，修饰作定语，修饰the houses。built 表示表示已经

10、完成已经完成的动的动作作，to be built 表示表示尚未开始尚未开始的的动作动作This is one of the houses to be built next year.13 非谓语动词作定语时要注意：非谓语动词作定语时要注意： 动名动名词词作定语时与其所修饰的名词有作定语时与其所修饰的名词有逻辑上的逻辑上的主谓关系主谓关系； 表示表示被动意义被动意义的非谓语动词作定语时的非谓语动词作定语时的用法：的用法： done 表示表示已经完成已经完成的动作的动作 to be done 表示表示尚未开始尚未开始的动作的动作 being done 表示表示正在进行正在进行之中的之中的动作动作

11、The building being built now is our teaching building.144.非谓语动词作表语非谓语动词作表语(1) 动名词和不定式作表语说明主动名词和不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容。语的具体内容。(2)分词作表语则说明主语的性质分词作表语则说明主语的性质或状态或状态，像，像puzzling, surprising, exciting等等-ing分词表示分词表示“令人令人的的(事物事物)”；像；像puzzled, surprised, excited等等-ed分词表示分词表示“(人人)感感到到的的”。 151) His hobby is _ chess .

12、 A. playing B. to play C. played D. play2) His dream is _ a doctor.A. be B. being C. to be 不定式可放在不定式可放在be 动词或其他系动词后，作动词或其他系动词后，作表语，说明主语的具体内容表语，说明主语的具体内容,表将来的动作。表将来的动作。动名词可放在动名词可放在be 动词或其他系动词后，作动词或其他系动词后，作表语，说明主语的具体内容。表语，说明主语的具体内容。163) The door was _ . A. locking B. to lock C. locked D. lock 这种这种“be+

13、过去分词过去分词”的结构和被动语态是的结构和被动语态是相似的，不同的是这种结构表示一种状态，相似的，不同的是这种结构表示一种状态，而被动语态表示一个动作而被动语态表示一个动作。17解答语法填空时，解答语法填空时，首先首先分析句子结分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并谓语构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并谓语时，所给动词必定用非谓语动词；时，所给动词必定用非谓语动词；然后然后分析该非谓语动词在句中作什么句子成分析该非谓语动词在句中作什么句子成分，初定作该成分的应是哪一种或几种分，初定作该成分的应是哪一种或几种非谓语动词形式；非谓语动词形式；最后最后再根据非谓语动再根据非谓语动词各自的特点和用法，

14、同时看谓语动词词各自的特点和用法，同时看谓语动词有没有特别的要求，再结合与逻辑主语有没有特别的要求，再结合与逻辑主语的关系，确定该填哪种形式。的关系，确定该填哪种形式。Summary18 语篇填空语篇填空 用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。Freud was one of the first scientists 1_（make）serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities 2_（base） in the brain that involve how we act, think,

15、feel and reason. to make based 19He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams 3_（search） for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis(催眠）催眠）. He wanted to see if 4_（put）patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease 5_（trouble） minds. In most cases he fou

16、nd the effects only temporary. to search putting troubled 20Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved 6_ (sit) with his patients and 7_（listen）to them talk. He had them 8_（talk）about whatever they were thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their

17、mind had to 9_（express）. There could be no10_（hold）back because of fear or guilt. sitting listening talk be expressed holding 21用词的适当形式填空。用词的适当形式填空。1. The cup is _ (break).2. Why are you looking so _ (disappoint).3. It is the most _(excite) news.4. She bought a computer _ (produce) in Shanghai.5. Lo

18、ok at the man _ (sit) on the rock.6. She was the first person _ (think) of the idea.broken过去分词作表语过去分词作表语disappointed过去分词作表语过去分词作表语exciting作定语作定语produced作定语作定语sittingto think作定语作定语227. Her ambition was _ (be) a cinema actress.8. His goal is _ (be) a doctor.9. Seeing is _ (believe).10. My favorite sport is _ (swim).11. I went to live in Fran