2019高考英语语法突破四大篇第三部分专题4数词讲义(含参考答案)

1、高考英语语法突破四大篇：专题 4数词高频考点清单0框架结构图L基数间的构成占数同七基数间的位置数词.总L序数间的构成 序数间一匚序数词的句法功能倍盘表达法A+谓唐+倍数+需+原级+铝+ RA+谓语+倍数+比较级+ than + BA+ 渭语 + 倍数 + the size(width/lcngth 等)+ of + E0基数词的构成及作用1 .常用基数词表Inmoneeleventhirtytwotwelvefortythreethirteenfiftyfourfourteensixtyfivefifteenseventysixsixteeneightysevenseventeenninety

2、eighteighteenhundredninenineteenthousandtentwentymillion/billi on2 .基数词构成歌诀1至12逐个记，13至19 teen 结尾。20至90整十位，ty结尾是后缀。要是表示“几十几”，连字符十位连个位。若要表示几百几，hundred之后and立。若要用于复合形容词，连字符相连不加-So注意： hundred , thousand , million , billion等词前有基数词或 several时，须用单数；与of连用时，用复数，但其前面不能再加数词。如：six hundred peoplehundreds of people

3、(2)dozen前有具体数词修饰时， 用单数，of可省略；当dozen后面接these , those , them, us等词时，须先接 of,再接这些词，但 dozen仍不加-s ; dozens of中的of不可省。score 用法和dozen相当，但of 一般不省略。several dozen pencilsdozens of studentsthree dozen of these eggstwo dozen of themtwo score of eggsscores of books3.基数词的位置常位于 another , all 之后,such , more之前，可置于 la

4、st , next , other 之前或之后。another two daysall the ten books14two such pensone more apple his last two days/his two last days4.基数词的句法功能主语Three will be enough.(2)宾语The city has a population of three million.表语The population of this city is nearly two million.(4)同位语They two went to the cinema.定语The river

5、 is about eight miles long.o序数词的构成及作用1 .常用序数词表Inmfirstelevenththirtiethsecondtwelfthfortieththirdthirteenthfiftiethfourthfourteenthsixtiethfifthfifteenthseventiethsixthsixteentheightiethseventhseventeenthninetietheightheighteenthhundredthninthnineteenththousandthtenthtwentiethmillionth/billionth注意：2

6、1以上的多位数词，只将末位数变为序数词，前面的其他位数仍用基数词。如：21st -twent y-first ; 22nd-twenty -second ; 33rdfthirty -third ; 100th -one hundredth2 .序数词的句法功能定语the first day of the weekmy first visit to Beijing(2)表语You are the first to leave.主语The second was even worse.(4)同位语Tom the first , is here.宾语Do you prefer the first o

7、r the second?注意：序数词前一般要加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词。This is the first one.This is her second visit to Japan.序数词前有时可用不定冠词a,此时不强调顺序。“a+序数词”相当于 another ,表示“又一个，再一个”。You d better try a third time.o数词的应用1. 用于构成分数、百分数、小数one thirdtwo thirds/two-thirdstwo-fifths of the students thirty percent of the water six point fou

8、r注意：表示几分之几（ 或百分之几） 的人或物时，须在分数（ 或百分数） 和人或物之间加of 。若充当主语，谓语动词的数应与of 后面的名词的数保持一致。如：Seventy percent of her income was spent on clothes.2. 倍数表达法(1)A +谓语+倍数+ as +原级+ as + BThe bag is twice as big as that one.(2)A 谓语倍数as many/much 名词as BI have twice as many books as he (does).(3)A 谓语倍数比较级than BThis classroo

9、m is three times bigger than ours.(4)A 谓语倍数the size(width/length/height/depth等 ) of BYour piece of bread is three times the size of mine.注意： 表达倍数时，常用 half 表示“一半”， 用 double 或 twice 表示“两倍”，用基数词 times 表示三或三倍以上。3. 日期的表达(1) 某年：in 数字in 2018(2) 某月：in 月份in May(3) 某年某月：in 月年in May 2018(4)某年某月某日：on+月十日/on +日+

10、月，十年on May 1(st)/1(st) May,20184. 时刻的表达twenty-one past/after eight 或 eight twenty-onefour to/of nine或eight fifty-sixhalf past eight或eight thirtya quarter to/of ten 或 nine forty-five5. 年代的表达the early 1920s/1920 sthe early twentiesthe mid-eighties6. 其他特殊表达(1)表示“每一段时间”或“每隔”every three days/every fourth

11、 dayevery other dayevery few days（2）表示年龄in one s t eensin one s twentiesat the age of 17He is twenty years old.He is a man of twenty.He is a twenty-year-old man.（3）用于习语中one at a time one by one ten out of teno书面表达中数词易错点聚焦1 .数词的拼写错误fourty（误）一forty（正）ninty（误）-ninety（正）nineth（误）-ninth（正）twentith（ 误）一 t

12、wentiet h（正）twentieth-first（误）一twenty -first（ 正）three fifth（误）fthree fifths（ 正）the 2th of February（误）-the 2nd of February（ 正）One Thousand One Nights（ 误）fOne Thousand and One Nights（正 ）2 .特殊表达中的错误every other days（误）every other day（正 ）in his tens（误）Tn his teens（ 正 ）several dozens of them（误）several doz

13、en of them（ 正 ）more two days（ 误）two more days/another two days（ 正 ）You d better try the third time.（误）You d better try a third time.（ 正 ）*重温高考真题与模拟*I .单句语法填空1.Actually , this latest children s version , belonging to a program titled Xiao Xigu （literally , young artists） , is in honor of the thirtiet

14、h（thirty） anniversary of the1987 work, praised as the most classic.（2018安徽皖北协作区高三联考）解析 “the +序数词”表示特指“第几个，故填 thirtieth 。2.I am still thankful to my uncle for teaching me to ride a bike on my ninth（nine） birthday.（2017 东北师范大学附中模拟）解析 句意为：我依旧感谢叔叔在我九岁生日（第九个生日）时教我学会骑自行车。3.He missed the gold in the high j

15、ump, but will get a second chance in the long jump.（2012 大纲全国n ）解析 在序数t前用a,则表示“再次，还有”之意。athefirst prize in the speech contest.n .单句改错（每小题仅有1处错误）1.I am more than happy to know you got（2018 湖南张家界三模）解析the first prize 为固定用法，意为“第一名，一等奖”，而且英语中表示顺序的序数词前一般用the来表示顺序。所以句中的a first prize 中的a要改为the。2.During thes

16、xh days , a series of English activities were organized.（2018six南师大附中模拟）on the解析 during后接时间段，此处表示六天，故用基数词。如果表达在第六天，则说sixth day 。3.In the summer holiday followingeighteen my eighteenthbirthday , I tookdrivinglessons.（2017 全国 I ）解析 表达多少岁生日用序数词，因此eighteen 应该改为eighteenth 。4.I still remember how hardAthe

17、/myfirst day was.（2017全国I ）解析句意为：我仍然记得第一天有多艰难。表示第几天,序数词前要加定冠词the或者用限定词进行修饰。5.It s a big city with a population of about 7millions行而丁.（2。17 .河南毕业班局考适应性练习）解析 million前有基数词7,须用单数。6.I want to have a pen friend,hopefully a girl intheherearly twenties,and withinterests similar to mine.(2017河南六市联考)解析表示不确定的年

18、龄，用in one s +逢十的基数词的复数形式。.热考点集训I .单句语法填空1 .There is(be) one desk and three chairs in the room.2 . 一What s the date today? It s the fourth(four) of July.3 .There are buses to the station every twentieth(twenty) minute.4 .She was the first woman to win(win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games.5.In ord

19、er to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.n.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)are,I.Two hundred dollars7- not large for us , and it s easy for us to gain in twodays.2.Every yearmillionmillionsof people die from illness caused by smoking.3.I have already got two letters from Susan this year

20、,and this isa third one. theof this building.4.We are told that Professor Chen lives on the，wenty，wofloormachine5.Two-fifths of thetwenty-secondon display are new items. machinesm.数词填空(数词专练)There are l.four seasons in a year : spring , summer, autumn and winter.A year can also be divided into 2.twel

21、ve months.Each month is divided into 3.three periods : the first , the middle and the last ten- day period.Mother s Day falls on the 4. second Sunday of May while Father s Day on the 5. third Sunday of June every year.The 6.twelfth month of the year is December.There are 7.fifty-two complete weeks p

22、lus an extra day, or 8.two in a year because there are 9.three hundred and sixty-five days in a common year but 10.three hundred and sixty-six days in a leap year.综合演练I词法篇代词、冠词,介词和数词1I.单句语法填空(1)1We can relax ourselves(we) while reading her blog.2 .That young manis honest , cooperative , always there

23、 when you need his help.In_ short , he s reliable.3 .A successful learner is an independent one, who has both a determined will andamazing patience.4 .They are heading for Florida for their(they) honeymoon and plan to frame thetreasured picture as soon as they get back.5 .The dictionary is what I wa

24、nt , but I don t have enough money with me.6 .She did not hesitate for long ； although her father smoked a pipe only once in awhile , she knew that this was a present which was bound to please him(he). 7 .In the end , the young men found that working hard is truly a treasure in itself.8 .The quality

25、 of education in this small school is better than that in some larger schools.9 .This region is home to many species of wild flowers.10 .She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on the top floor. 11 .At the bad news , the woman put her hands over her eyes and cried out.12 .If you

26、keep on writing , you will have a brighter future, likely to become aJ.K.Rowling.13 .I hate it when someone makes a mess of my learning materials on my desk.14 .A woman sitting next to_ the boy, discovered he was on a school trip and was told to meet his teacher at the bus stop.15 .We used to mistak

27、e that heavy objects fell faster than light ones. (2)16 .The problem should be handled very carefully to balance the needs of people with those of nature.17 .He said it _ was not nice to eat meat with one s fingers because they were not always clean.18 .The driver was at a loss when word camethat he

28、 was forbidden to drive for speeding.19 .He knew very well the hare ran a hundred times faster than he himself(him) did.20 .Johnny Carson began his career in television in his twenties(twenty).21 .Whether it s your birthday or a friend or family member s, decorating your home can be as enjoyable as

29、the party itself(it).22 .Fresh air , sunlight and enough physical exercise are needed for a healthy body.23 .So if you have not prepared enough, having some indoor amusements is also a good choice , which may be much cheaper and easier to carry out.24 . “Never mind, I said. At least you ll know when

30、 your train s late , mine(I) will be , too.”25 .My father is stout and strong, with a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes.n.单句改错（每小题仅有1处错误）（一）1.An accident happening 2 a rainy Sunday afternoon changed my attitude.2.I think itA_ good habit that in our spare time we read more books of gre

31、at use. a3 .Yesterday , one of my favorite stamps was lost , whichmade mereally upset.Ilookedfor it everywhere and asked everybody in the room, butstill I couldn tfindthemit4 .To improve my grades , I paid more attention-to- theteachers talkinginclass.5.Three years ago I failed an important exam in

32、my life and became a student in aan ordinary school.6.It is possible that some ofweus may have a brother or sister.7.Classes taught in English provide studentsforwh- a better language environment.8.For the sake of our safety and the otherssafety , we should obey the trafficrules.A9.As I was waiting

33、for my order to come,I noticed an old man in a wheelchair rollhimself over to a table.,，一， A .10.I ve been very busy recently , for I ve been preparing for the coming exam , which is vital for me and my future life.11.I ve always been dreaming of having an opportunity to travel in English -speakingy

34、ourcountries like 诉 to practise and improve my English.12.Up to now , he has become : member of our family and everyone has enjoyed hiscompany.13.After class , I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out,withof school if she hadn t been helped-by- others.14.If I have such a pe

35、n friend , I think we can share our travelling experiences witheach other , taking care of pets,or whatever we have something in common.15.There was once 菖 elderly woman in a nursing home.（二） A 16.In the middle of the term , I became one of the best players in my school.of17.I take great pride in- t

36、hisexperience because it not only helps me realize thatI can achieve my potential through hard work , butmakes meknow the proverb “ Practicem永es perfect ”a18.Last Sunday I saw the- worst storm in years.Itcame suddenly and went on for overthree hours.19.We all love those things so much that we travel

37、thousand of miles to be aroundthousandspeople who love the things that we love the way that we love them.20.I put a little oil,salt and sugar on the steak and mixedittogether. them21.First , be aware of your advantages and acceptyouyourself .22.A large number of students attended to the contest and

38、showed their wonderfulperformances.23.On the stage , though facing great pressure , the speakers bravely overcame it andchallenged thermemves to achieve great success.A24.Through such an activity , we know a lot more about our students.-eight25.Also moving up on the list this year is spinach（菠菜）,whi

39、ch jumps from the.卜巾to the second most polluted product.m.语法填空(2018 吉林长春四模)No matter where you are , humans are constantly measuring and checking time.Some of us are good at it planning and doing things ahead of time,1.others are always trying to beat the clock and do things atthe eleventh hour.Tard

40、iness( 拖拉)can be serious.If you 2. (be) one minute late forwork , would you resign? It may sound extreme , but that is exactly3.occurred in the UK upper chamber of parliament, the House ofLords , in January 2018.International development minister Lord Bates arrived one minute late , and, as a result

41、 , was unable to answer a 4.(schedule) question.Instead of trying 5.(make) up for lost time , as manymight do, he resigned on 6. spot.He apologized for his discourtesy(无礼 ) and stated that he was ashamed.His resignation , though,7. (reject) by the UK prime minister.So, how late is too late ? Many cu

42、ltures take punctuality very seriously.In contrast , others seem to view tardiness 8. just the normal way of things.What is considered acceptable is based on culture.That is , if you don t mind waiting , it might be best to attend your 9.(appoint) in good time.And if the worst comes to the worst , r

43、emember the old English proverb , “10.(well) late than never. ” 语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了不同文化中人们对迟到的不同看法。1 .答案 while解析 考查连词。该空的前后两句话之间是对比关系，所以这里应该填连词while。2 .答案 were解析 考查虚拟语气。本句是 if引导的条件状语从句，即非真实条件句。此处是对现在情况的虚拟，所以这里 be动词为were。3 .答案 what解析 考查连接代词。本句是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，这里的主语指代的是事情，所以用 what。4 .答案 scheduled解析考查形容词。在冠词a和名词question之间应该用形容词， 所以把schedule变成形容词形式scheduled（预定的）。5 .答案 to make解析考查动词不定式。固定搭配try to do sth.（努力做某事），所以这里填to make。6 .答案 the解析 考查定冠词。固定短语 on the spot（在现场）。句意为：他并没有像许多人那样，试 图弥补失去的时间，而是当场辞职。所以这里应该填冠词the。7 .答案 was r