高考英语短文填词(选词填空)真题特色题型分类讲解

1、2013高考英语真题特色题型详解一短文填词（选词填空）一、(2013上海卷)Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each wordcan only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. restoreB.recallC. processingD. previouslyE. necessaryFA输骗sG. we caninstead _ recognizeour motheHs

2、fwshiin1atingours of birth： elsewhece,J. we can recognizethe 41 of our mother' s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It' s 42how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especiallysince we don' tlearn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the

3、 time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific

4、 areas of the brain and processes 44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of fami

5、liar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has fou

6、nd that facial recognition is not a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person ' s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are loo

7、king at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.该说明文由话题“人类几乎天生就能够辨认人脸”展开去，详细阐述了人类大脑

8、是如何一步步进行人脸识别的。41 .【答案】【J】 composition【解析】名词，意为“结构，组成”，这里表示“认出母亲的脸部构成”。42 .【答案】【Hl fascinating【解析】形容词，意为“有趣的，迷人的”，此处为句型“It ' sfascinating/interesting/excitingthat/how"，表示是如此的有趣。43 .【答案】【B】recall【解析】动词，意为“回忆，回想”，此处根据常用搭配find it difficult to do sth得出应选择动词， recall such a simple thing as a phone

9、 number表示“回想出简单的电话号码”44 .【答案】【E】necessary【解析】形容词，"必要的"，此处 necessary for facial recognition作后置定语修饰 thespecific areas ,表示“识别人脸必要的区域”。45 .【答案】【F】locate【解析】动词，"定位"。此处有搭配succeed in sth/doing sth ,故要选择动名词形式。这里意为“成功定位到一个脑部具体区域FFA'。46 .【答案】【I】elsewhere【解析】副词，“其他地方”。由上文推断出既然人脸识别是一个专门的

10、区域进行处理，那么此 处“对其它物体的识别”自然是大脑中“其它地方” 了。47 .【答案】【D】previously【解析】副词，“先前的”。根据上文推断得出人脸识别需要看到整张脸，因此此处的想法“我 们只需要看一些脸部特征”是“先前的”。48 .【答案】【Q instead【解析】副词，“代替，而不是”。此处根据两句话的意思推断出是转折替代关系，因此选instead 。49 .【答案】【Q processing【解析】名词，“处理，进程”。根据语法推断出此处填名词，由上下文意思得出用p rocessing ,表示“这一复杂的处理过程在瞬间完成”。（2013福建卷）第一节短文填词（共 10小题

11、；每小题1分，满分10分）Every individual is a member of a group called the community, and itis the duty of every citizen ask what he can do for his community.76. A good citizen（ 相信）that he should serve the community77. and not the community serve h. As students, there are many ways78. in you can.serve the comm

12、unity. Above all, however, you have to79. acquire a certain amount of skill and experience b you can be of80. service to others. Your school has lots of（活动）whi ch prepare81. you good citizenship. Many school societies train students to82. become good citizens who later p in volunteer work and serve

13、the83. public in t of need. If you serve your community, you will grow84. to be a good citizen with a strong sense of responsibility.85. 文章讲述了关于自愿行动、报答社会的话题。76 .【答案】to【解析】考查句型It is to do sth , it为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语，故填 to。77 .【答案】believes【解析】考查主谓一致：主语为 a good citizen谓语为单数，故填 believes 。78 .【答案】him【解析】句意：他

14、应该服务社区，不是社区服务于他。用 he的人称代词宾格him。79 .【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为ways,定语从句关系词可用in which 。80 .【答案】before【解析】考查连词。在你服务他人之前要学会一些技能和经验。81 .【答案】activities【解析】考查名词复数。82 .【答案】for【解析】考查词组：prepare sb for sth83 .【答案】participate【解析】考查短语：participate in84 .【答案】time【解析】考查短语：in time of need在需要的时候85 .【答案】up【解析】考查短语：grow

15、up二、(2013广东卷)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使 用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he16 (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nickcalled to his son, “Go to the villageand buy some sal

16、t, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17 too little. ”His son looked surprised. "I can understand why I shouldn ' t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18 not save a bit of money? "“That would be a very 19 (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a s

17、mall village like ours, " Nick said.Nick ' s guests, 20 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied,“Theonly reason a man would sell saltce it.21 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took adva

18、ntage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produ“But such a small thing couldn ' t 23 （possible） destroy a village. ”“In the beginning, there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added

19、a little, always 25 （think） that it was only small and not veryimportant, and look where we have ended up today. ”本文通过Nick叫儿子去买盐要给合理价格的故事说明，一定要公平对待他人，尊重努力工作 的人的汗水和努力。16.【答案】found【解析】考查时态语态。"invited "用一般过去时。由 Suddenly可知，found与其时间一致，故用found ; 17.【答案】nor【解析】考查固定搭配，表示“既不也不: 故用" neithernor

20、”。18 .【答案】why【解析】考查句意理解。该句有问号”告知是疑问问句，前文中出现why提示表示“为什么”之意，故用 why。why not do sth （为什么不做某事）？是固定句式。19 .【答案】reasonable【解析】考查词性转化。"thing ”需一个形容词修饰，very也只能修饰形容词，故用reasonable20 .【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。从句不完整，指代前面“ guests”。指人，故用 who。21 .【答案】at【解析】考查介词与price 搭配构成固定短语，表示“以更低价格”用 at a lower price ,故用at。22 .

21、【答案】for【解析】考查动词短语。表示“对某事表示尊重"，用 show respect for sth. 。故用for。23 .【答案】possibly【解析】考查词性转化。修饰谓语动词“ destroy ”作状语，用副词，故用 possibly 。24 .【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。a small amount of（少量的）是固定搭配。25 .【答案】thinking【解析】考查非谓语做伴随状语。 句中有added做谓语，与此同时做着什么事情，故用thinking现在分词短语作added的伴随状语。四、（2013湖南卷）Directions: Complete the foll

22、owing passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Whenkids in parts of the world want to play, they often make soccer balls out of trash tied together with stri ng. " 48 the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat （变瘪

23、）49 24 hours, " says Tim Jahnigen, aCalifornia businessman. Determined to solve this problem, 50 created an indestructible ball called the One World Futbol.The ball is made of 51 special material,ethylene-vinyl acetate foam . It ' slightweight, it ' s flexible, and 52 important it holds its shape.The One World Futbol needs no pump 53 won' t wear out, even on rough surfaces.When tested, 54withstood （ 经受住