被动语态讲解-练习及答案

1、:They walk现以speak被动语态一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1. across, through 穿过across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的表面进行。常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。egacross the bridge.他们步行走过了这座桥。through侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。2. ill，sick 生病的”。ill 只在系动词后作表语eg: Her mother was ill in bed.5 sick 既可作表语 eg: Her

2、mother was sick in bed. I 也可作定语 eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother.若ill作定语，译为 坏的，恶劣的”eg:an ill person 个坏人sick作表语时也常译为恶心的，想吐的“eg:The boy always feels sick whe n he travels by car.【固定搭配】 动词+名词/代词/副词+介词make room for 给.腾出地方 eg: We can make room for her at this table.play a joke on 戏弄人； 对人恶作居 U e

3、g: We can 'play a joke on law.speak highly of 称赞 eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service .say good bye to 告另U; 告辞 eg:I don't want to say good bye to them.take an active part in 积极参力口 eg: They take an active part in school activities.take care of 照顾； 照料； 注意 eg: Could you take

4、 care of my plants while rm on vacation?【被动语态】（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如： Many people speak Chin ese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语 many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如： Chinese is spoken by many people.主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由|助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 ”|构成。人称、

5、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am / is/ are + spoke n一般过去时：was/ were + spoke n一般将来时：will / shall be + spoken现在进行时：am / is/ are being + spoke n过去进行时：was/were being + spoke n现在完成时：have/ has bee n+ spoke n过去完成时：had bee n + spoke n（三）被动语态的用法（1 ）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Some new computers were

6、 stole n last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的）This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于 1981 年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的 宾语变为被动语态的 主语。（2） 把谓语变成被动结构（be +

7、过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动 词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3） 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：All the people laughed at himHe was laughed at by all people .They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a treeA tree was cut down by him .（五）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被

8、动句时，由情态动词+ be +过去分词"构成We can repair this watch in two days.t This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once. t It should be done at once.（六）特殊情况1. He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.t The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2. Mother never lets me wat

9、ch TV .t i am never let to watch TV by mother.3. Jack gave Peter a Christmas prese nt just now.t（ 1） a Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.t（ 2） Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.常见的句型结构：It is （was） agreed（believed/decided/hoped/thought ）that大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为） It

10、is （was） well known that 众所周知It is （was） taken for gran ted that 被视为当然It must be remembered that 务必记住It mustn ' t be forgotten that.千万另U忘记 It is （was） said（ reported , heard , told , suggested） that 据说（报道、听说、告知、建议 ）典型例题()1. The Olympic Gamesevery four years.A are heldB were heldC. are holdingD.

11、will hold( )2. In the art show , a lot of laughter _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings .A .is givingB was givenC will give D has give()3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. Itin. many schools around the world.A. teachesB. is teach ingC. has taught D. is taught()4. Ba Jin,one o

12、f the greatest writers in China,as"People's Writer".A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regard ingD. regards()5. Usually computersto search the Internet.A. useB. are usingC. are usedD. used()6. -Do you often clean your classroom?-Yes.Our classroom every day.A. it clea nsB. we are clea

13、 ns C. we clea n()7.一 Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smells terrible?一 Yes. In fact, it.That's all because of the factories around .A . pollutedB was pollutedC has pollutedD. was po11ute()8. -Our environment is getting worse than before.-You're right. But thanks to Earth Day,people have

14、 done more and more to protect( 保护)the earth.A. is startedB. was startedC. has started()9. -I feel very happy that Ito be the host. -Congratulations!A. choose(选择) B. am chosenC. was chosen D. haven chosen()10. Many trees and flowersin our school last year .A . plant B . plantedC. have plantedD. were

15、 planted()11. Some famous paintingsin the hall next week.A. will showB. were show nC. is show nD. will be show n()12. A talk on developme nts in scie nee and tech no logyin the school hall next week .A. give nB. will be give nC. has bee n give nD. gives()13.-Great cha nges have take n place in this

16、city.-Right. Many moder n tall build ings have bee nthese days.A. build B. buildi ngC. builtD. are built()14.Twelve-year-olds should n otto drive in Chi na.A. allowB. be allowC. allowedD. be allowed三、课后练习)1. Susa n, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.-I ' m sorry, but Iwhe n to

17、meet.A. don ' t tellB. didn ' t tellC. haven ' t toldD. wasn ' t told)3. - My watch-Don' t worry. Let 's go to the Losti&.FoA. is lostB. is broke nC. has foundD. has stopped)4. -Did you go to Sam'party?-No, IA. am not in vitedB. wasn ' t invitedC. haven ' t in

18、vitedD. didn' t invite)6. On May 30th, , one bowl in the Mi ng dyn asty (明朝）at the price of 30.36 million dollars.A. sellB. soldC. is soldD. was sold)8. Those colorful eggs are very beautiful.Yes, theyin Han gzhou.A. pain tedB. were paintingC. were pain tedD. had pain ted"Rubbish into the d

19、ustb in.”)9. -Don' t litter on the ground, boy ,Look at the sign:-Sorry.A, has throwB, was throwC, must throwD , must be throw n()10. The 29th Olympic Games _in Beijing in 2008A . will holdB will be heldC. hold()11. We ofte n hearthe girl happily in her room.A. si ngB. to si ngC. is si ngi ngD.

20、sings()12. It is reported that more new buildi ngsin our school next term.A. will be builtB. was builtC. has builtD. will build()14. The boyto hospital by the police yesterday.A. is take nB. was take n C. takesD. took()16. -David, turn off the TVno one is watch ing it.-But itoff already! The music i

21、s from the radio.A. so that, has bee n tur nedB. whe n, has turnedC. if, has bee n turned D. because, has turned()17. Usually Joh nto school by his father.A. has take nB. is tak ingC. is take nD. has bee n take n()19.-Look, what an old palace! It looks so great!-Yeah, itn early 800 years ago.A. was

22、buildi ng B. was built C. has builtD. is built()20. Don ' t discuss the problems with your partner unies$除非)youto do so.A. askB. are askedC. will askD. will be asked典型例题一般现在时1A。解析考查被动语态，根据句意，“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态，故排除了B、C、D。2答案B。解析本题考查被动语态，句中a lot of enjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中，一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示

23、给外国朋友。”3答案D。解析考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。4答案A。解析选用一般现在时态的被动语态，表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。5答案C。解析从句子看，电脑作主语，是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，故选Co6.答案C o 解析考查被动语态物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。 一般过去时1答案B。考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。2答案Bo 解析从句意：“自从地球日开始以来，人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境。”可知，“地球日”的开始,要用一般过去时的

24、被动语态，其构成为was started故选B。3. Weinto five groups to go to the old people's home. We did many things to cheer them up. 太原市A. dividedB. are dividedC. were divided3答案C o 解析本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式。由后一句"We did many things可推断，时态应该是一般过去时。因此选 C o4C 5D一般将来过去1答案D o 解析本题综合考查时态和语态。主语为“一些名画”，在

25、此为动作“展岀”的承受者，故应用被动语态，时间状语为next week，是表示将来的时间状语，所以句子时态是一般将来时，所以D项正确。2B 答案B 答案：D。情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词。答案为Co句中有every day，主语为our classroom，故要用一般现在时的被动语态。【参考答案】1 答案D解析：依据句意：对不起，但我不知道什么时候见面。强调动作发生在过去，I和tell之间是被动关系。2. 答案B解析：由题干时间next year科知识将来时态，句子主语是old houses ,应用被动语态。故选 Bo3. 答案 A解析：由Let ' s go to

26、 the Lost & Founc可知，说明表丢失了。故选4. 答案B解析：由Did you go to Sam' s weekend party可知陈述过去的动作的发生，I和invite之间存在着被动关系。故选B。5答案C解析：How often+ 般疑问句？此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数，表示多长时间一次”往往针对频度畐V词如： always, seldom, usually, once a mo nth, sometimes, every five mi nutes.等提问，常用于现在时或过去时。由题干 your school sports meeting作主语，谓语应用被动语态。故选Co6.答案D解析：由On May 30th,可知动作发生在过去；其主语是 one bowl与sell存在被动关系。7答案A解析：依据题意：千手观音”被许多