春兰大天然药物化学课程作业A

1、单选题大多数-D-苷键端基碳的化学位移在（ ）A: <span>ppm 9095</span>B: <span>ppm 96100</span>C: <span>ppm 100105</span>D: <span>ppm106110</span>E: <span>ppm 110115</span>单选题大黄素型蒽醌母核上的羟基分布情况是（ ）A: <span>一个苯环的-位</span>B: <span>苯环的-位</span>

2、C: <span>在两个苯环的或位</span>D: <span>一个苯环的或位</span>E: <span>在醌环上</span>单选题生物碱酸水提取液处理常用的方法是（ ）A: <span> 阴离子交换树脂</span>B: <span> 阳离子交换树脂</span>C: <span>硅胶柱色谱吸附</span>D: <span> 大孔树脂吸附</span>E: <span> 氧化铝柱色谱吸附</span

3、>单选题某中药提取液只加盐酸不加镁粉，即产生红色的是（ ）A: <span> 黄酮</span>B: <span> 黄酮醇</span>C: <span> 二氢黄酮</span>D: <span> 异黄酮</span>E: <span> 花色素</span>单选题确定苷类结构中糖的种类最常用的方法是在水解后直接用（ ）A: <span>PTLC</span>B: <span>GC</span>C: <span>

4、显色剂</span>D: <span>HPLC</span>E: <span>PC</span>单选题下列化合物泻下作用最强的是A: <span>大黄素</span>B: <span>大黄素葡萄糖苷</span>C: <span>番泻苷</span>D: <span>大黄素龙胆双糖苷</span>E: <span>大黄酸葡萄糖苷</span>单选题天然产物中，不同的糖和苷元所形成的苷中 ，最难水解的苷是（ ）A: &

5、lt;span>糖醛酸苷</span>B: <span>氨基糖苷</span>C: <span>羟基糖苷</span>D: <span>2，6二去氧糖苷</span>E: <span> 6去氧糖苷</span>单选题不能发生盐酸-镁粉反应的是（ ）A: <span> 黄酮</span>B: <span> 黄酮醇</span>C: <span> 二氢黄酮</span>D: <span> 二氢黄酮醇&l

6、t;/span>E: <span> 异黄酮</span>单选题既有黄酮，又有木脂素结构的成分是（ ）A: <span> 槲皮素</span>B: <span>大豆素</span>C: <span> 橙皮苷</span>D: <span>水飞蓟素</span>E: <span>黄芩素 </span>单选题挥发油中的萜类化合物主要是（ ）A: <span>二萜类</span>B: <span>二倍半萜类</s

7、pan>C: <span>单萜和倍半萜类</span>D: <span>小分子脂肪族化合物</span>E: <span>挥发性生物碱</span>单选题可以作为皂苷纸色谱显色剂的是（ ）A: <span>醋酐-浓硫酸试剂</span>B: <span>香草醛-浓硫酸试剂</span>C: <span>三氯化铁-冰醋酸试剂</span>D: <span>三氯醋酸试剂</span>E: <span>-萘酚-浓硫酸

8、试剂</span>单选题在除去脂溶性生物碱的碱水中，提取水溶性生物碱宜用（ ）A: <span>酸化后乙醇提取</span>B: <span>乙醇直接从碱水提取</span>C: <span>丙酮直接从碱水提取</span>D: <span>正丁醇直接从碱水提取</span>E: <span>酸化后乙醇提取</span>单选题可用于区别3-OH黄酮和5-OH黄酮的反应试剂是（ ）A: <span> 盐酸-镁粉试剂</span>B: <

9、span> NaBH4试剂</span>C: <span>-萘酚-浓硫酸试剂</span>D: <span> 锆-枸橼酸试剂</span><span>E .三氯化铝试剂</span>单选题通常以树脂、苦味质、植物醇等为存在形式的萜类化合物为（ ）A: <span>单萜</span>B: <span>二萜</span>C: <span>倍半萜</span>D: <span>二倍半萜</span>E: <sp

10、an>三萜</span>单选题结构式测定一般不用下列哪种方法（）A: <span>紫外光谱</span>B: <span>红外光谱</span>C: <span>可见光谱</span>D: <span>核磁共振光谱</span>E: <span>质谱</span>单选题与判断化合物纯度无关的是（ ）A: <span> 熔点的测定 </span>B: <span> 观察结晶的晶形</span>C: <spa

11、n> 闻气味</span>D: <span> 测定旋光度 </span>E: <span> 选两种以上色谱条件进行检测</span>单选题最难被酸水解的是（ ）A: <span> 氧苷</span>B: <span> 氮苷</span>C: <span>硫苷</span>D: <span> 碳苷</span>E: <span>氰苷</span>单选题在水液中不能被乙醇沉淀的是（ ）A: <span>

12、 蛋白质 </span>B: <span> 多肽</span>C: <span> 多糖</span>D: <span> 酶 </span>E: <span> 鞣质</span>单选题常用生物碱薄层层析显色剂（ ）A: <span>硅钨酸</span>B: <span>碘化铋钾</span>C: <span>改良碘化铋钾</span>D: <span>碘-碘化钾</span>E: <spa

13、n>雷氏铵盐</span>单选题采用液-液萃取法分离化合物的原则是（ ）A: <span> 两相溶剂互溶</span>B: <span> 两相溶剂互不溶</span>C: <span>两相溶剂极性相同</span>D: <span> 两相溶剂极性不同</span>E: <span> 两相溶剂亲脂性有差异</span>多选题分子式的测定可采用下列方法（）A: <span>元素定量分析配合分子量测定</span>B: <span&g

14、t;Klyne经验公式计算</span>C: <span>同位素峰度比法</span>D: <span>高分辨质谱法</span>E: <span></span>¹³<span>C-NMR法</span>多选题萜苷类化合物提取、纯化常采用的方法有（ ）A: <span>溶剂法</span>B: <span>活性炭吸附法</span>C: <span>大孔树脂吸附法</span&

15、gt;D: <span>水蒸汽蒸馏法</span>E: <span>升华法</span>多选题下列属于大黄素-8-D-葡萄糖苷性质的有（ ）A: <span> 与醋酸镁反应呈紫红色</span>B: <span> 与Molish试剂有阳性反应</span>C: <span> UV光谱中有295nm（log4.1）峰</span>D: <span> IR中有2个-C=O峰，两峰频率之差在2428cm-1范围</span>E: <span> 可

16、溶于5的Na2CO3水溶液中</span>多选题与醋酐浓硫酸（201）试剂呈阳性反应的是（ ）A: <span>三萜皂苷</span>B: <span>强心苷</span>C: <span>甾体皂苷 </span>D: <span>三萜类</span>E: <span>生物碱</span>多选题液-液分配柱色谱用的载体主要有（ ）A: <span> 硅胶</span>B: <span> 聚酰胺</span>C: &l

17、t;span> 硅藻土</span>D: <span> 活性炭</span>E: <span> 纤维素粉</span>单选题通常以树脂、苦味质、植物醇等为存在形式的萜类化合物为（ ）A: <span>单萜</span>B: <span>二萜</span>C: <span>倍半萜</span>D: <span>二倍半萜</span>E: <span>三萜</span>单选题确定苷类结构中糖的种类最常用的方法是在水

18、解后直接用（ ）A: <span>PTLC</span>B: <span>GC</span>C: <span>显色剂</span>D: <span>HPLC</span>E: <span>PC</span>单选题大黄素型蒽醌母核上的羟基分布情况是（ ）A: <span>一个苯环的-位</span>B: <span>苯环的-位</span>C: <span>在两个苯环的或位</span>D: <spa

19、n>一个苯环的或位</span>E: <span>在醌环上</span>单选题下列蒽醌有升华性的是A: <span>大黄酚葡萄糖苷</span>B: <span>大黄酚</span>C: <span>番泻苷</span>D: <span>大黄素龙胆双糖苷</span>E: <span>芦荟苷</span>单选题天然产物中，不同的糖和苷元所形成的苷中 ，最难水解的苷是（ ）A: <span>糖醛酸苷</span>

20、B: <span>氨基糖苷</span>C: <span>羟基糖苷</span>D: <span>2，6二去氧糖苷</span>E: <span> 6去氧糖苷</span>单选题从水溶液中萃取皂苷类最好用（ ）A: <span>氯仿</span>B: <span>丙酮</span>C: <span>正丁醇</span>D: <span>乙醚</span>E: <span>乙醇</span

21、>单选题既有黄酮，又有木脂素结构的成分是（ ）A: <span> 槲皮素</span>B: <span>大豆素</span>C: <span> 橙皮苷</span>D: <span>水飞蓟素</span>E: <span>黄芩素 </span>单选题最难被酸水解的是（ ）A: <span> 氧苷</span>B: <span> 氮苷</span>C: <span>硫苷</span>D: <sp

22、an> 碳苷</span>E: <span>氰苷</span>单选题可以作为皂苷纸色谱显色剂的是（ ）A: <span>醋酐-浓硫酸试剂</span>B: <span>香草醛-浓硫酸试剂</span>C: <span>三氯化铁-冰醋酸试剂</span>D: <span>三氯醋酸试剂</span>E: <span>-萘酚-浓硫酸试剂</span>单选题常用生物碱薄层层析显色剂（ ）A: <span>硅钨酸</span&

23、gt;B: <span>碘化铋钾</span>C: <span>改良碘化铋钾</span>D: <span>碘-碘化钾</span>E: <span>雷氏铵盐</span>单选题难溶于水，易溶于乙醇和亲脂性有机溶剂的是（ ）A: <span>游离的萜类化合物</span>B: <span>与糖结合成苷的萜类化合物</span>C: <span>环烯醚萜苷类化合物</span>D: <span>皂苷类化合物</s

24、pan>E: <span>单糖类化合物</span>单选题黄酮苷的提取，除了采用碱提取酸沉淀法外，还可采用（ ）A: <span> 冷水浸取法</span>B: <span> 乙醇回流法</span>C: <span> 乙醚提取法</span>D: <span> 酸水提取法</span>E: <span>石油醚冷浸法</span>单选题挥发油中的萜类化合物主要是（ ）A: <span>二萜类</span>B: <sp

25、an>二倍半萜类</span>C: <span>单萜和倍半萜类</span>D: <span>小分子脂肪族化合物</span>E: <span>挥发性生物碱</span>单选题采用液-液萃取法分离化合物的原则是（ ）A: <span> 两相溶剂互溶</span>B: <span> 两相溶剂互不溶</span>C: <span>两相溶剂极性相同</span>D: <span> 两相溶剂极性不同</span>E:

26、<span> 两相溶剂亲脂性有差异</span>单选题非含氧的开链萜烯分子符合下列哪项通式（ ）A: <span>（C8H5）n</span>B: <span>(C5H8)n</span>C: <span>(5C8H)n</span>D: <span>(C5H5)nE.(C8H8)n</span>单选题某中药提取液只加盐酸不加镁粉，即产生红色的是（ ）A: <span> 黄酮</span>B: <span> 黄酮醇</span>

27、C: <span> 二氢黄酮</span>D: <span> 异黄酮</span>E: <span> 花色素</span>单选题具有旋光性的游离黄酮类型是（ ）A: <span> 黄酮</span>B: <span> 黄酮醇</span>C: <span> 异黄酮</span>D: <span> 查耳酮</span>E: <span> 二氢黄酮</span>单选题与判断化合物纯度无关的是（ ）A: <

28、;span> 熔点的测定 </span>B: <span> 观察结晶的晶形</span>C: <span> 闻气味</span>D: <span> 测定旋光度 </span>E: <span> 选两种以上色谱条件进行检测</span>单选题生物碱酸水提取液处理常用的方法是（ ）A: <span> 阴离子交换树脂</span>B: <span> 阳离子交换树脂</span>C: <span>硅胶柱色谱吸附</span&

29、gt;D: <span> 大孔树脂吸附</span>E: <span> 氧化铝柱色谱吸附</span>单选题从苦参总碱中分离苦参碱和氧化苦参碱是利用二者（ ）A: <span> 在水中溶解度不同</span>B: <span> 在乙醇中溶解度不同</span>C: <span> 在氯仿中溶解度不同</span>D: <span> 在苯中溶解度不同</span>E: <span> 在乙醚中溶解度不同</span>多选题溶剂法分离水

30、溶性生物碱时，常用的溶剂有（ ）A: <span> 丙酮</span>B: <span> 正丁醇</span>C: <span> 异戊醇</span>D: <span> 乙醇</span>E: <span> 乙醇</span>多选题碱溶酸沉法适用于分离（ ）A: <span>具有内酯键的萜类化合物与不具有内酯键的萜类化合物</span>B: <span>具有内酯键的萜苷类化合物与不具有内酯键的萜苷类化合物</span>C: &l

31、t;span>具有内酯键的萜类化合物与不具有内酯键的萜苷类化合物</span>D: <span>具有内酯键的萜类化合物与不具有内酯键的萜类及其它化合物</span>E: <span>具有羰基的萜类化合物与不具有羰基的萜类化合物</span>多选题与醋酐浓硫酸（201）试剂呈阳性反应的是（ ）A: <span>三萜皂苷</span>B: <span>强心苷</span>C: <span>甾体皂苷 </span>D: <span>三萜类</sp

32、an>E: <span>生物碱</span>多选题萜类化合物在硅胶色谱柱上，用石油醚-醋酸乙酯梯度洗脱时，洗脱规律为（ ）A: <span>化合物的极性越大，洗脱速度越快</span>B: <span>化合物的极性越大，洗脱速度越慢</span>C: <span>化合物的极性越小，洗脱速度越快</span>D: <span>化合物的极性越小，洗脱速度越慢</span>E: <span>化合物的极性与洗脱速度无关</span>多选题精制皂苷时，先将粗皂苷溶于甲醇或乙醇，然后加何溶剂可使皂苷析出（ ）A: <span>乙醚</span>B: <span>水</span>C: <span>正丁醇</span>D: <span>丙酮</span>E: <span>乙醚-丙酮（11）</span>单选题采用液-液萃取法分离化合物的原则是（ ）A: <span> 两相溶剂互溶</