专四写作辅导讲义

1、专四写作辅导讲义写作要求及评分标准样卷分析SectionACompositionNowadays,theInternethasbecomepartofpeoplelife,andmillionsofyoungpeoplehavemadefriendsonline.WriteonAnswerSheetTwoacompositionofabout200wordsonthefollowingtopic:IsitWisetoMakeFriendsOnline?Youaretowriteinthreeparts.Inthefirstpartofyourarticleyoushouldclearlypre

2、sentyourview.Inthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyouropinionwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorsummary.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.(14Pts)IsitWisetoMak

3、eFriendsOnline?WiththeInternetbecominganindispensablepartofmodernpeoplslife,makingfriendsonlineenjoysitsgreatpopularity,especiallyamongyoungpeople.However,isitwisetomakefriendsonline,asmanyparentsandteachersareworryingabout?AsfarasIamconcerned,Istronglyopposebeingaddictedtomakingfriendsonline.Firstl

4、y,toomuchattentiontoonlinefriendsdistractsyourconcernstothetruefriendsandfamiliesintherealworld.Ifwelookaround,weoftenfindalotofyoungpeoplestayingonlineandchattingwithonlinefriendsalldaylong.Bythesametime,thecommunicationbetweenthemandthefriendsaroundthemarebecominglessandless.Therefore,theyfeellone

5、lierinreallifeandspendmoretimeonInternet.Besides,onlinefriendsareoftendisguised.AlargenumberofcaseshaveprovedthatmanycriminalsmakeuseofInternettocheatofmoneyorlove.Eveniftheyarenotcheaters,theytendtobetotallydifferentpersonswhenyougetinactualcontactwiththem.Theresalwaysagapbetweentherealworldandthei

6、maginaryone.Nevertheless,itisunwisetomakefriendsonline.ThosewhoareindulginginInternetshouldcastyoureyesighttothefriendshipandkinshipinthereallife.Whatyoushoulddoistoseeksolution,butnottoescape.(12pts)IsitWisetoMakeFriendsOnline?Nowadays,ithasbeenafashiontomakefriendsonline,andmoreandmoreteenagers,co

7、llegestudentsandevenmanyadultswillspendalotoftimechattingwithpeopleontheInternet.ButIdontthinkitiswisetomakefriendsonline.Firstly,mostpeoplewillnotrevealtheirrealidentityontheInternet,whichwillnotenableyoutomaketruefriends.Justimagine,ayoungladyyouaretalkingwithmaybeanoldman,andImsurewewillfeelveryb

8、adwhenweareexposedtothetruth.Besides,thefriendsonlinecanbringbadeffecttopeople,especiallyforteenagers.Theunhealthystuffwillbothphysicallyandpsychologicallyinfluenceyoungpeopleand,inacertaindegree,canleadanunproperwaytotheirwholelife.Atlast,makingfriendsonlinecandobadtotherelationshipbetweenyouandyou

9、rfamilyandfriendsinreallife.BeingaddictedtotheInternetmakesyouignorethereality.Youwillbeangryaboutyourparents'persuadingandafteralongtime,maybeyouwillfindyouhavelosttheabilityofhowtocommunicatewithothersproperly.Inaword,itisnotwisetomakefriendsonline.Ihopeeveryonecanfocusontherealityinsteadofwas

10、tingtoomuchtimemakingfriendsontheInternet.(9pts)IsitWisetoMakeFriendsOnline?Thereisatendencywecan'tdenythatmostofushaveaccesstoInternet.Susequently,makingfriendsonlinehasbecomeacommonthing.Somemayarguethatmakingfriendsonlineisn'tagoodchoice,however,personally,Iholdtheideathatitiswisertomakef

11、riendsonline.Ononehand,it'sakindofcompany.Whenweliveinourapartment,weseldomcommunicatetotheneighbors,esp.thatourfamilymembersareoutside,thesenseoffeellonelyovercomeus.Therefore,inordertogetridofthis,weneedtofindsomeonetotalkwith.Thenmakingfriendsonlineisagoodwaytosolvethisproblem.Meanwhile,wecan

12、notonlygainfriendship,butalsoexchangeourminds.Inthisway,weobtainasenseofsatisfactionfromtalkingwithastrangerwhowilltendtosaybeautifulwordstowardsus.Ontheotherhand,makingfriendsonlinehelpusenrichoursight.Wemakefriends,comingfromdifferentareas,accordingly,weobtainalotofinformationthatwecan'tgetfro

13、mourlimitedknowledge.Sometimes,friendsonlineencourageustoreadhelpfulbookswherewillbeabletolearnmore.Allinall,frommypointofview,makingfriendsishelpfulforenrichingourknowledgeandhelpingusencouragewithothers,hence,itisadvisabletomakesfriendsonlineaslongasweuseitproperly.(7pts)IsitWisetoMakeFriendsOnlin

14、e?PeoplewouldliketomakethebestofInternettobroadentheirminds,theycangetlargeinformation,theycanplayinterestinggames,eventheycanmakfriendsonline.Whileaquestionhasbeenarisen:fsitwisetomakefriendsonline?'TheInternetisnotreality,youcannottrustapersonthroughtheInternet.NowIwouldnotliketotalkaboutthead

15、vantagesoftheInternet,whilethedisadvantagesyoucannotdenyisexisting.Manypeoplemakethemostofittodobadthings,suchastrickyouthatheisneedofmoneyeagerlyandwiseyouwouldhelphimasafriend,orcharacterasyourfriendtoinformyourfamilythatyouareindangerandneedmoneytosaveyou.Allthethingscanbeseenonthenewspapersmagaz

16、ines,etc.Soitisunwisetotrustasocalledonlinefriend.IcanJumptotheconcludethatitisunwisetomakefriendsonline,becauseitisnotreality,alsowecannottrustotherswithoutknowingthepersonwell.Solet'sdoutmosttomakethebaseuseoftheadvantagesoftheInternet.Cherishthefriendsaroundus!(5pts)IsitWisetoMakeFriendsOnlin

17、e?Ithinkitiswisetomakefriendsonline.First,Nowjob'spressuremoreandmore.Everyonecannotbettertalkfacetoface.Second,Friendsonlinemayspeakeverythingofthem.Third,Friendsonlinemayhelpsomethingofthemandsolvesomeproblem.Theforth,Friendsonlinemaygainmoreknowledgeandinformation.Allinall,makefriendsonlineis

18、wiseinthesociety.Makefriendsonlinecann'tchangea潮流。EveryonemayenjoyEveryonewithhisfriendsonline.!SectionBNote-writingWriteonAnswerSheetTwoanoteofabout50-60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:Yourclassmate,Jimmy,isheadoftheuniversityswimmingclub.Hehasinvitedyoutojointheclub,butyoulikesomeothersport.

19、Writehimanote,declininghisinvitationandexplainingwhy.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.(9pts)April22nd,2007DearJimmy,It'sverykindofyoutoinvitemetojointheuniversitysswimmingclub.Iammostgratefultobeasked.However,Ivealreadyjoinedabasketballclub.YouknowIlikeplayingb

20、asketballverymuch.IamafraidIdonothaveenoughtimetotakepartintwosports.IamverysorryforthatandreallyregretthatIwouldmisssuchanexcellentchanceofenjoyingswimmingwithyou.Goodlucktoyourclub.Yours,Mike(7pts)22April,2007DearJimmy,Thankyouforyourinvitingmetoparticipatingintheuniversity'sswimmingclub.ButIr

21、egrettotellyouthatI'mnotabletojoinyou,sinceIfoundmyselfmoreinterestedinthebasketballclub.Ihopeyouwillnotbeangrytome.Yours,Mike(5pts)DearJimmy,Sorry!Icouldnttakepartinyouruniversityswimmingclub,becauseImorelikefootball.Ihavetodeclineyourinvitation.Whatapity!Iamsureyouwillnotbeangryatme,becauseyou

22、arealwaysmybestfriend.Sorryagain!Yours,TomApril22,2007（3pts）Hello,Jimmy:I'mshytotellyouIlikeothersport.SoIdon'ttakepartinyouclub.Youmayask:why?Notbecauseotherreasons,Iinterestedmoreinpingponganditismorecheaper.Ithink,exceptme,morepeoplewillsupportyou.Tony专四写作常用句式1）主语从句Itiscommonknowledgethat

23、honestyisthebestpolicy.Itiswell-knownthat.Itisself-evident/conceivable/obvious/apparentthat.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat.Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat.Itis/that2）宾（表）语从句Wecannotunderstandwhyhewassocrueltohisroommates.Theproblemisnotwhowillgo,butwhowillstay.3）定语从句（限定性和非限定性）Asisshown/demonstrated/illustr

24、ated/depicted/hecartoon/picture/graph/table.,TherearemanyreasonswhyIwanttostudyinyouruniversity.Itisestimatedthattensofbillionsofpoundsspentoncigaretteseveryyearinourcountry,whichisahugewaste.4）状语从句（时间，原因，地点，条件，让步，转折等）Whenthemanisenjoyingthecigarette,thesmokebecomesamonste怪物）whichwillde

25、vourhim.Whateverthereason,therearestillsomeproblemswithstudentuseofcomputers.5）分词短语做定语或状语Prof.Kangcametoouruniversity,givingusalectureonhowtoacquireEnglishbetter.6）倒装句Onlythroughthesemeasurescanwehopetosolvetheproblem.Scatteredaroundtheglobearemorethan100smallregionsofisolatedvolcanicactivityknownto

26、geologistsashotspots.7）被动句Somemeasuresshouldbetakentodealwiththeproblem.Heissaidtohaveaccomplishedalotofgreatdeeds.Manypeoplebelievethat.（Itisbelievedthat.）8）设问句Doyoustillremembertheboywhocriedwolfforseveraltimessonoonewouldtrusthim?写作棋板(1)开头Recently,theproblemof最近，问题已引起人们的关注hasarousedpceoonpclern.I

27、nternethasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处，但也产生了一些严重的问题.Nowadays,（overpopulation）hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.如今,（人口过剩）已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.Itiscommonlybelievedthat-/ItisacommcbhOe

28、lief人们一般认为Manypeopleinsistthat-很多人坚持认为Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat-随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat-很多人似乎认为引出不同观点：People'sviewson-varyfrompersontoperson.Soimehat-.However,othersbelievethat人们对的观点因人而异.有些人认为.然而其他人却认为.Peoplemayhavedifferentopinions

29、on-人们对可能会有不同的见解.Attitudestowards(drugs)varyfrompersontoperson.人们对待吸蠹的态度因人而异.Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto-关于.人们的观点大不相同.Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestoward(failure).对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.(2)中间论证Frommypointofview,itismorereasonabletosupportthefirstopinionratherthanthesecond.在我看来，支持第一种观点比支持

30、第二种观点更有道理.Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat我无法完全同意这一观点-.Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof就个人而言，我站在-的一边.Isincerelybelievethat我真诚地丰目信-Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodothantodo在我个人看来，做比做更明智.Finally,tospeakfrankly,thereisalsoamorepracticalreasonwhy-给出原因：Thisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.First,-S

31、econd,-Third,这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先，第二，第三，Whydid-?Foronething-Foranother-.Pephapsyhreasonis-为什么会？一个原因是令一个原因是或许其主要原因是.Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat-atteechiefloiasfollows.我十分赞同这一论述，即，其主要原因如下:预示后果：Obviously,ifwedon'tcontroltheproblechatheBsarethat-willleadndanger.很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险.Nodoubt,

32、unlesswetakeeffectivemeasures,itiverylikelythat-毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，很可能会Itisurgentthatimmediatemeasuresshouldbetakentostopthesituation.很紧迫的是，应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.列出解决办法：Herearesomesuggestionsforhandling-这是如何处理某事的一些建议.Thebestwaytosolvethetroublesis-解决这些麻烦的最好办法是Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.人

33、们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题.批判错误观点和做法：Asfarassomethingisconcerned,就某事而言，Itwasobviousthat-彳艮显然，.Itmaybetruethat，butitdoesn'tmeanthat-可能是对的，但这并不意味着Itisnaturaltobelievethat-,butWgrsdwuldntt认为.是很自然的，但我们不应忽视.Thereisnoevidencetosuggestthat没有证据表明-(3)结尾Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration，wenaturallycometotheconc

34、lusionthat把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论Takingintoaccountallthesefactors，wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat-考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论Hence/Therefore，we'dbettercometotheconcfchsiton-因此，我们最好得出这样的结论Thereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.Allinall，wecannotlivewithout-Butam

35、he/saimiesttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.总之，我们没有是无法生活的.但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.提出建议：Itishightimethatweputanendtothe(trend骸是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.Itistimetotaketheadviceof-andtenpphapisconitheimprovementof-该是采纳的建议，并对的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheprobl

36、emof-毫无疑问,对问题应予以足够的重视.Obviously，-.Ifwewanttodosomethingessenttasthat-显然，如果我们想做某事，很重要的是Onlyinthiswaycanwe只有这样，我们才能-Itmustberealizedthat我们必须意识到-如何连接强调still,Indeed,apparently,oddlyenough,ofcourse,afterall,significantly,interestingly,also,aboveall,surely,certainly,undoubtedly,inanycase,anyway,aboveall,i

37、nfact,especially.Obviously,clearly.比较like,similarly,likewise,inthesameway,inthesamemanner,equally.对比bycontrast,onthecontrary,while,whereas,ontheotherhand,unlike,instead,but,conversely,differentfrom,however,nevertheless,otherwise,whereas,unlike,yet,incontrast.列举forexample,forinstance,suchas,takeexamp

38、le.Efocept(for),toillustrate.时间later,next,then,finally,atlast,eventually,meanwhile,fromnowon,atthesametime,forthetimebeing,intheend,immediately,inthemeantime,inthemeanwhile,recently,soon,nowandthen,during,nowadays,since,lately,assoonas,afterwards,temporarily,earlier,now,afterawhile.顺序first,second,th

39、ird,then,finally,tobeginwith,firstofall,inthefirstplace,last,next,aboveall,lastbutnottheleast,firstandmostimportant.可能presumably,probably,perhaps.解释inotherwords,infact,asamatteroffact,thatis,namely,insimplerterms.递进Whatismore,inaddition,and,besides,also,furthermore,too,moreover,furthermore,aswellas,

40、additionally,again.让步although,afterall,inspiteof，despeveevhough,though,admittedly,whatevermayhappen.转折however,ratherthan,insteadof,but,yet,ontheotherhand,unfortunately.whereas原因forthisreason,dueto,thanksto,because,becauseof,as,since,owingto.结果asaresult,thus,hence,so,therefore,accordingly,consequentl

41、y,asconsequence.总结onthewhole,inconclusion,inaword,tosumup,inbrief,insummary,toconclude,tosummarize,inshort.其他Mostly,occasionally,currently,naturally,mainly,exactly,evidently,frankly,commonly,forthispurpose,toalargeextent,formostofus,inmanycases,inthiscase,重点话题与句型Withmoreemphasisputon“buildingaharmon

42、ioussociety”,peoplebegintorealizetheimportanceofsolvingtheproblemofinequality(solvingtheproblemofunemployment/enablingsomepeopletogetrichandhelpingthedisadvantaged)Since“sustainabledevelopment”isourmaingoal,weshouldpaymoreattentiontostrikingabalancebetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotectio

43、n(producingmoregoodsandsavingnaturalresources)Asthecentraltaskofourcountryisto“buildawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway/',moreeffortsarebeingmadetoimprovethelivingstandardsofthepeople-(peopleneedmorecomfortablehousingandmoreconvenienttransportation)1) Withtherapidgrowthofoureconomy(transportationsy

44、stem/marketeconomy/privateenterprises/housingindustry),anincreasingnumberofproblemshavearisen,suchas2) Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology(electronicindustry/highereducation),moreandmorepeoplecometorealizethat3) Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernoverhighunemploymentrate(desertification/wi

45、despreadcorruption/energycrisis/trafficjams/watershortage/increasingtrafficaccidents).4) Nowadays,aheateddebateaboutprivatecars(China'sfootball/braindrain)isunderwayinChina.5) Asthepublicawarenessofmarketeconomy(populationcontrol/humanrights/competition/lawsandregulations)heightens,Unlessweputmo

46、reemphasisonenvironmentalprotection(interpersonalrelationship/equality/howtodealwithstress),theproblemwillbeahindrancetoourbuildinga“harmonioussociety”.DifferentpeopleholddifferentviewsonaccessiontoWTO(studyingabroad/privatecars/Internetsurfing).Someareinfavorof,whileothersareagainst-Thecaseonlyreve

47、alsthetipofanuglyicebergofseriousenvironmentalpollution(widespreadwaste/organizedcrime)Whenitcomestotheproblem(theissue/thecase)ofeatingwildanimals(netchatting/morningexercise)Asfarasfamilyplanning(adulteducation/recycling)isconcerned,thereismuchroomforimprovement.Allthesestatistics(pictures)reveala

48、painfulfactthatcorruptionisspreadingrapidlyinourcountry(moreandmorefishhavebeenkilled)Withoutlove,myclassmateXiaoWangwouldhavediedinthehospital.Butwithourloveandcare,hesurvivedtheillnessandcanenjoyhislifenow.Withoutcomputers(cellphones/privatecars/theInternet),itwouldbedifficulttoimaginemodernlife.I

49、tisimperativeforustotakeeffective(drastic/immediate/prompt)measurestocorrectthesituation(eliminateenvironmentalpollution/fightagainstcorruption/bandrugabuse)TheparticipatingSloganshouldbeanembodimentoftheconceptof“GreenOlympics,Hi-TechOlympicsandPeople'sOlympics”with“People'sOlympics”asitshi

50、ghlightandshouldreflecttheuniqueculturalbackgroundandhumanismofChinaandBeijing.(OneWorld,OneDream)Letusworkhandinhandtosolvethisproblem(holdbackatidalwaveofcrimes/fightagainstcorruption)Weshoulddoourbestineliminatingindustrialpollution(fakecommodities/povertyinChina)Alongwiththeadvanceofthesocietymo

51、reandmoreproblemsarebroughttoourattention,oneofwhichisthat.Astowhetheritisablessingoracurse,however,peopletakedifferentattitudes.(Holddifferentattitudes;Comeupwithdifferentattitudes)Associetydevelops,peopleareattachingmucimportancetoPeopleareattachingmoreandmoreimportancetotheinterviewduringjobhunti

52、ngAstowhetheritisworthwhile-.,lttngT-nisiaingcontroversialdebate.Itisquitenaturalthatpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsmayhavedivergentattitudestowardsit.Intheprocessofmodernurbandevelopment,weoftenfindourselvesinadilemma.Recentlythephenomenonhasarousedwideconcern,sonpeopleareinalarmthatThehumanracehase

53、nteredacompletelynewstageinitshistory,withtheincreasinglyrapideconomicglobalizationandurbanization,moreproblemsarebroughttoourattention.playssuchanimportantrolethattundeniablybecomesthebiggestconcernofthepresentdayworld,therecomesaquestion,isitablessingoracurse?Nowweareenteringanewera,fullofopportun

54、itiesandchallenges,Recently,theissueofhasbeenbropgilbfiinfocus.'sattitudetowardaddiorealpractice.-thasliheeliglntandhasarousedwide-ahnasatffdidiedussionallovertheNowweareenteringabrandnewerafullofopportunitiesandinnovations,andgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinpeopleRecentlytheissueofwhetherornotconce

55、rninthepublic.Theissuewhetheritisgoodornottocountry.Atpresent,somepeoplethink-.whileothersclaim-Bothsideshavetheirmerits.Peoplerarelyreachanabsoluteconsensusonsuchacontroversialissue.Peoplefromdifferentbackgroundswouldputdifferentinterpretationsonthesamecase.Thecontroversialissueisoftenbroughtintopu

56、blicfocus.Peoplefromdifferentbackgroundsholddifferentattitudestowardstheissue.Whenasked，somepeoplethink-.whileDsefeieJustasthesayinggoes:"somanypeoplemsdsinanyisquiteunderstandablethatviewsonthisissuevaryfrompersontoperson.Tothisissue,differentpeoplecomeupwithvariousattitudes.Thereisagoodsidean

57、dabadsidetoeverything,gitoeswithoutsayingthatWhenitcomesto，mostpeoplebelievethatotherpeobetregard-as.Whenfacedwith-.,quiteafewpeopleclaimthat-.,butotheraseoplethink.Thereisapubliccontroversynowadaysovertheissuef-.Therewhocriticize-arguethat-bejieeythat,butpeoplewhofavor.,ontheotherhand,arguethatSome

58、peopleareoftheopinionthat.ManypeopleclaimthatAmajorityof/Alargenumberof/Somepeoplecontendthat-hasprovedtobringmanyadvantages./disadvantagesThosewhoarguefor-saythat-economicdevefimierities.esaoSomepeopleadvocatethat/They,holdthatPeople,whoadvocatethat，havetheilredsdlds,groundsThosewhohavealreadybenefitedfrompracticingitsinghighpraiseofit.Thosewhostronglyapproveof-havecogentforasonsManypeoplewouldcl