2016年6月大学英语四级真题及答案

1、2016年6月大学英语四级真题及答案2016年6月英语四级考试真题及答案PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart)youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty。Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180wordsoPartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirectio

2、ns:Inthissection?thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasi

3、nglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Physicalactivitydoesthebodygood)andthere'sgrowingevidencethatithelpsthebraintoo.ResearchersintheNetherlandsreportthatchildrenwhogetmoreexercise,whetheratschoolorontheirown)

4、26tohavehigherGPAsandbetterscoresonstandardizedtests.Ina_27of14studiesthatlookedatphysicalactivityandacademic28)investigatorsfoundthatthemorechildrenmoved)thebettertheirgradeswereinschool,29inthebasicsubjectsofmath)Englishandreading.Thedatawillcertainlyfueltheongoingdebateoverwhetherphysicaleducatio

5、nclassesshouldbecutasschoolsstruggleto30onsmallerbudgets.Theargumentsagainstphysicaleducationhaveincludedconcernsthatgymtimemaybetakingawayfromstudytime.WithstandardizedtestscoresintheU.S.31inrecentyears,someadministratorsbelievestudentsneedtospendmoretimeintheclassroominsteadofontheplayground.Butas

6、thesefindingsshow,exerciseandacademicsmaynotbe32exclusive.Physicalactivitycanimproveblood33tothebrain)fuelingmemory)attentionandcreativity)whichare34tolearning.Andexercisereleaseshormonesthatcanimprove35andrelievestress,whichcanalsohelplearning.Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhe

7、nthey'reunningaround)theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.A)attendanceB)consequentlyC)currentD) depressingE) droppingF) essentialG) feasibleH) flowI) moodJ) mutuallyK) particularlyL) performanceM) reviewN) surviveO) tendSectionBDirections:Inthissection)youaregoingtoread

8、apassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.FindingtheRightHome

9、andContentment)TooA Whenyourelderlyrelativeneedstoentersomesortoflong-termcarefacilityamomentfewparentsorchildrenapproachwithoutfearwhatyouwouldlikeistohaveeverythingmadeclear.B Doesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome)orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesigners?Arenursin

10、ghomesasbadaspeoplefear)oristhatanout-modedstereotype（固定看法）CCandoingone'shomeworkreallysteerfamiliestothebestplaces?Itisgenuinelyhardtoknow.C Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolderpersonlivesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed.Andthatthecharacteristicsadultchil

11、drenlookforwhentheybeginthesearcharenotnecessarilythethingsthatmakeadifferencetothepeoplewhoaregoingtomovein.Iamnottalkingaboutthequalityofcare,letmehastilyadd.Nobodyflourishesinagloomyenvironmentwithirresponsiblestaffandapoorsafetyrecord.Butanaccumulatingbodyofresearchindicatesthatsomedistinctionsb

12、etweenonetypeofeldercareandanotherhavelittlerealbearingonhowwellresidentsdo.D Themostrecentofthesestudies,publishedinThejournalofAppliedGerontology）surveyed150Connecticutresidentsofassistedliving)nursinghomesandsmallerresidentialcarehomes(knowninsomestatesasboardandcarehomesoradultcarehomes).Researc

13、hersfromtheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenteraskedtheresidentsalargenumberofquestionsabouttheirqualityoflife)emotionalwell-beingandsociainteraction)aswellasaboutthequalityofthefacilities.E "Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes,"saidtheleadauthorofthestudy)JulieRobison)anas

14、sociateprofessorofmedicineattheuniversity.Areasonableassumption-don'tfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan?tF Intheinitialresults)assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostpositivepicture.Theywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities)forinstance

15、,andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely.Theyscoredhigheronsocialinteraction.G Butwhentheresearcherspluggedinanumberofothervariables)suchdifferencesdisappeared.Itisnotthehousingtype?theyfound)thatcreatesdifferencesinresidentsresponses."Itisthecharacteristicsofthespecificenvironmenttheyarein)combinedwith

16、theirownpersonalcharacteristics-howhealthytheyfeeltheyare)theirageandmaritalstatus)”Dr.Robisonexplained.Whetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontomoveandhowlongtheyhadlivedtherealsoprovedsignificant.H Anelderlypersonwhodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth)therefore)mightbenolessdepressedinassistedliving(

17、evenifherchildrenpreferredit)thaninanursinghome.Apersonwhobadinputintowherehewouldmoveandhashadtimetoadapttoitmightdoaswellinanursinghomeasinasmallresidentialcarehome)otherfactorsbeingequal.Itisaninteractionbetweenthepersonandtheplace)notthesortofplaceinitself)thatleadstobetterorworseexperiences.&qu

18、ot;Youcan'tustsay,Let'sputthispersoninaresidentialcarehomeinsteadofanursinghomeshewillbemuchbetteroff)”Dr.Robisonsaid.Whatmatters)sheadded,“isacombinationofwhatpeoplebringinwiththem)andwhattheyfindthere.”I Suchfindings)whichruncountertocommonsense,havesurfacedbefore.Inamulti-statestudyofassi

19、stedliving)forinstance)UniversityofNorthCarolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariables-thefacilitytype>)sizeorage;whetherachainownedit;howattractivetheneighborhoodwashadnosignificantrelationshiptohowtheresidentsfaredintermsofillness)mentaldecline)hospitalizationsormortality.Whatmatteredmostwasthere

20、sidents'physicalhealthandmentalstatus.Whatpeoplewerelikewhentheycameinhadgreaterconsequencethanwhathappenedonetheywerethere.J AsIwasconsideringallthis)apressreleasefromarespectedresearchfirmcrossedmydesk)announcingthatthefive-starratingsystemthatMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursin

21、ghomequalityalsohaslittlerelationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare.Asamatteroffact)consumersexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilities)thelowestrated)thanwiththefive-starones.(Moreonthisstudyandthestarratingswillappearinasubsequentpost.)a way,K Beforewecollectivelytearo

22、urhairouthowarewesupposedtofindourwayinalandscapethisconfusing?hereisathoughtfromDr.PhilipSloane)ageriatrician(老年病学专家)attheUniversityofNorthCarolina:"Inthatcouldbeliberatingforfamilies.L Ofcourse)sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities)talktotheadministratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies)anddon

23、toeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirduties.Butperhapstheydon'thavetoturnthemselvesprivateinvestigatorsorCongressionalsubcommittees."Familiescanlookabitmoreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy)"Dr.Sloanesaid.Andinvolvingthefutureresidentintheprocesscanbeveryimportant.would bring their id

24、eas, mother toM Weallhaveourownideasaboutwhatliving/nursing this place-itourparentshappiness.Theyhavetoo.Afriendrecentlytookhervisitanexpensiveassistedhomenearmytown.Ihaveseeriselegant,insideandout.Butnobodygreetedthedaughterandmotherwhentheyarrived)thoughthevisithadbeeiresidents.Whentheyhadlunchint

25、hediningroom)theysataloneatatable.N Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere)andsoshedecidedtomoveherintoamorewelcomingfacility.Basedonwhatisemergingfromsomeofthisresearch)thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreachadecision.36 .Manypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaplaceotherthananursinghomef

26、ortheirparents.37 .Thoughithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities)involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayproveveryimportant.1.1 Itisreallydifficulttotellifassistedlivingisbetterthananursinghome.39 .Howaresidentfeelsdependsonaninteractionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein.

27、40 .Theauthorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamorehospitableplaceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome.41 .ThesystemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactoryplace.42 .Atfirsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfaciliti

28、esgavehigherscoresonsocialinteraction.43 .Whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwethink.44 .Thefindingsofthelatestresearchweresimilartoanearliermulti-statestudyofassistedliving.45 .Aresident'satisfactionwithacarefacilityhasmuchtodowithwhethertheyhadparticipatedinthedecisiont

29、omoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere.SectionConthetheDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA)B)C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughcent

30、re.PassageoneQuestions46to50arebasedonfollowingpassage.AsArtificialIntelligence(AI)becomesincreasinglysophisticated)therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat.Thisdangercanbeavoided)accordingtocomputerscienceprofessorStuartRussell,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode.Russe

31、llarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks,it'necessarytotranslateourmoralsintoAIlanguage.around the house) the pet cat in the hungry children.preloaded with aForexample)ifarobotdoeschoresyouwouldn'twantittoputoventomakedinnerforthe“Youwouldwantthatrobotgoodsetofvalues,"saidRussell.

32、Somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues.Forexample)mobilerobotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortabledistancefromhumans.Obviouslythereareculturaldifferences)butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandtheycameupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn'thinkthat'thekindofthingaproperlybrought-upp

33、ersonwoulddo.Itwillbepossibletocreatemoresophisticatedmoralmachines,ifonlywecanfindawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules.Robotscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior.Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecareless.Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthat

34、humanbeingsfailtososufficienttestingandthey'vproducedasystemthatwillbreaksomekindoftaboo（禁忌）.Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobottocheckthecorrectcourseofactionwithahumanwhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation.Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimalissuitableforthemicrowave）ithastheopportunitytostop）sendo

35、utbeeps（嘟嘟声）andaskfordirectionsfromahuman.Ifwehumansarentquitesureaboutadecisionwegoandasksomebodyelse.Themostdifficultstepinprogrammingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwebelieveinmoral)andhowtocreateasetofethicalrules.Butifwecomeupwithananswer)robotscouldbegoodforhumanity.46 .Whatdoestheauthorsayabou

36、tthethreatofrobots?A)Itmayconstituteachallengetocomputerprogranmers.B) Itaccompaniesallmachineryinvolvinghightechnology.C) Itcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguage.D) Ithasbecomeaninevitableperilastechnologygetsmoresophisticated.47 .Whatwouldwethinkofapersonwhoinvadesourpersonalspac

37、eaccordingtotheauthor?A) Theyareaggressive.B) Theyareoutgoing.C) Theyareignorant.D) Theyareill-bred.48 .Howdorobotslearnhumanvalues?A) Byinteractingwithhumansineverydaylifesituations.B) Byfollowingthedailyroutinesofcivilizedhumanbeings.C) Bypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior.D) Byimitat

38、ingthebehaviorofpropertybrought-uphumanbeings.49 .Whatwillawell-programmedrobotdowhenfacinganunusualsituation?A) keepadistancefrompossibledangers.B) Stoptoseekadvicefromahumanbeing.C) Triggeritsbuilt-inalarmsystematonce.D) Dosufficienttestingbeforetakingaction.50 .Whatismostdifficulttodowhenweturnhu

39、manvaluesintoaprogrammablecode?A) Determinewhatismoralandethical.B) Designsomelarge-scaleexperiments.C) Setrulesforman-machineinteraction.D) Developamoresophisticatedprogram.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whydosomepeoplelivetobeolderthanothers?Youknowthestandardexplanations:k

40、eepingamoderatediet?engaginginregularexercise）etc.Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity（长寿）DDosomekindsofpersonalitiesleadtolongerlives?AnewstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionbyexaminingthepersonalitycharacteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatl

41、east100.Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoing）moreactiveandlessneurotic（神经质的）thanotherpeople.Long-livingwomenarealsomorelikelytobesympatheticandcooperativethanwomenwithanormallifespan.Thesefindingsareinagreementwithwhatyouwouldexpectfromtheevolutionarytheory:thosewholiketomakefriends

42、andhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtimes.Interestingly)however)othercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsideradvantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudylong life)participantswerelikelytolivelonger.Thosewhoweremoreself-disciplined)forinstance)werenomorelikelytolivetobeveryold.Also)beingopen

43、tonewideashadnorelationshiptowhichmightexplainallthosebad-temperedoldpeoplewhoarefixedintheirways.Whetheryoucansuccessfullychangeyourpersonalityasanadultisthesubjectofalongstandingpsychologicaldebate.Butthenewpapersuggeststhatifyouwantlonglife)youshouldstrivetobeasoutgoingaspossible.Unfortunately)an

44、otherrecentstudyshowsthatyourmother'personalitymayalsohelpdetermineyourlongevity.Thatstudylookedatnearly28)000Norwegianmothersandfoundthatthosemomswhoweremoreanxious)depressedandangryweremorelikelytofeedtheirkidsunhealthydiets.Patternsofchildhoodeatingcanbehardtobreakwhenwe'readu|tswhichmaym

45、eanthatkidsofdepressedmomsendupdyingyounger.andPersonalityisn'destiny(命运)everyoneknowsthatindividualscanlearntochange.Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisnjustamatterofyourphysicalhealthbutofyourmentalhealth.51 .TheaimofthestudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietyis.A) toseewhetherpeople's

46、oersonalityaffectstheirlifespanB) tofindoutifone'slifestylehasanyeffectontheirhealthC) toinvestigatetheroleofexerciseinlivingalonglifeD) toexamineallthefactorscontributingtolongevity52 .Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutoutgoingandsympatheticpeople?A) Theyhaveagoodunderstandingofevolution.B) Theyarebet

47、teratnegotiatinganagreement.C) Theygenerallyappearmoreresourceful.D)Theyaremorelikelytogetoverhardship.53 .Whatfindingofthestudymightprovesomewhatoutofourexpectation?A)Easy-goingpeoplecanalsolivearelativelylonglife.8) Personalitycharacteristicsthatproveadvantageousactuallyvarywithtimes.C)Suchpersona

48、litycharacteristicsasself-disciplinehavenoeffectonlongevity.D)Readinesstoacceptnewideashelpsoneenjoylongevity.54 .WhatdoestherecentstudyofNorwegianmothersshow?A) Children'soersonalitycharacteristicsareinvariablydeterminedbytheirmothers.B) Peoplewithunhealthyeatinghabitsarelikelytodiesooner.C) Mo

49、thers'influenceonchildrenmaylastlongerthanfathers'.D)Mothers'negativepersonalitycharacteristicsmayaffecttheirchildren'lifespans.55.Whatcanwelearnfromthefindingsofthetwonewstudies?A) Anxietyanddepressionmoreoftenthannotcutshortone'slifespan.B) Longevityresultsfromacombinationofmen

50、talandphysicalhealth.C) Personalityplaysadecisiveroleinhowhealthyoneis.D) Healthisinlargepartrelatedtoonelifestyle.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart)youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET2.功夫(KongFu)是中国武术(martialarts)

51、的俗称.中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要，狩猎活动以及古代中国的军士训练.它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素.作为中国的国宝，武术有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式.有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想，神话和传说的启发四级写作：第一版Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty.Youshouldwriteatle

52、ast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.第一段：写出写信目的.（表达感谢）第二段：阐述感谢的原因.第三段:再次表达感谢，并可表述希望有机会可以给对方回报.DearMary,IwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoyouforyourhelpwhenIwasindifficulty.Youhavebeenverykindandhelpfulsincewekneweachother.Lastweek,Icaughtabadcoldandhadtostayathomeforaweek.Whe

53、nIwasworryingaboutthelessons,youcametomyhomeafterschoolandhelpedmewitheverysubject.Withyourhelp,Ididn'tfallbehindothers.Again,thankssomuchforyourenthusiastichelp.EventhoughyouaretoabouttogoabroadforfurthereducationIknowthatIwillalwaysstayintouchwithyou.IwishyoueverysuccessinthefutureandIhopeweca

54、nexchangemoreviewpointsonstudy.Pleasekeepintouch,anddropinandvisituswheneveryouareinthispartoftheworld.VerysincerelyPeter第二版Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourschoolteachersuponenteringcollege.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.第一段：写出写信目的.（表

55、达感谢）第二段：阐述感谢的原因.第三段:再次表达感谢，并可表述希望有机会可以给对方回报.Dearsir,IamwritingtoyoutoexpressmythanksforyourhelpinlearningEnglish.YouareoneofthebestteacherswhoIhaveevermet.TherearemanygoodpointsthatIlearnfromyou.Duringthesedaysinyourclass,Ihaveacquiredmuchknowledgefromyouanditreallyhelpsmealot.Firstly,youletmeknowwh

56、atthewestthinkingpatternisstraightthinkingpattern.AsanEnglishlearner,itisimportantformetounderstandthedifferencebetweenthem.Thereisnodenyingthefactthatthiscanhelpmewithmyexaminationandinteractionwithforeigners.What'smore,I'mgladtobeyourstudent,andIamveryhappytolearnthecourseunderyourguidance

57、.Englishisanimportanttool,throughwhichwecanshareourexperiencewiththeworld.ItreasurethechanceoflearningEnglish,andIenjoythehappinessfromyourcourse.Thelastnottheleast,pleaseforgivethosemistakesIhavemadewhichmayupsetyou.WhatIhavelearnedfromyouwillhelpmepassthecomingexaminationsandalsobeusefulformyfurth

58、ereducationinabroad.Itisnotonlyaprogressoflearning,butalsoacultivationofmyability.Mayeverythinggowellaroundyou.Yourstudent,Liling第三版Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstoyourparentsoranyfamilymembersuponmakingmemorableachievement.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomoret

59、han180words.第一段：写出写信目的.（表达感谢）第二段：阐述感谢的原因.第三段:再次表达感谢，并可表述希望有机会可以给对方回报.Dearparents,Thisletteristotellyoumytruefeelingsfromthebottomofmyheart.Althoughwecankeepinvirtualtoucheveryday,IstillfeelitnotenoughtoletyouknowhowmuchIloveyouandhowmuchI'vappreciatedwhatyou'vedoneforme.Inthepast20years,youhavedonealotforme.Firstly,thankyou