四六级中国传统节日翻译练习与词汇汇编

1、Vocabulary二十四节气the 24 seasonal division points民族 ethnic group重阳节Double Ninth Festival腊八粥laba porridge春联 New years scrolls庙会 Temple Fairs猜灯谜guessing lantern riddles端午节Dragon Boat Festival七夕节the Double Seven Festival元宵节Lantern Festival踩高跷stilts扫墓 sweep tombs香囊 perfume pouch登高 ascending a height冬至 Wint

2、er SolsticeThe formal expressions of Chinese traditional festivals:春节the Sprlng Festival（ NewYearls Day of the Chinese lunar calendar ） 农历正月初一元宵节（灯节 ) the Lantern Festival农历正月十五清明节the Qing Ming Festival四月五日前后端午节the Dragon-Boat Festiva农历五月初五中秋节the MidAutumn Festival（ the Moon Festival ） 农历八月十五七夕节the

3、Double-Seventh Day 农历七月初七重阳节the Double Ninth Festival农历九月初九The expressions of customs:春游spring outing荡秋千playing on a swing过年celebrate the spring festival春联spring festival couplets剪纸paper-cuts年画new year paintings买年货do shopping for the spring festival ; do spring festival shopping敬酒propose a toast 灯笼l

4、antern烟花fireworks爆竹firecrackers (people scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.)红包red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the comingyear.)舞狮lion dance (the lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)舞龙dragon dance (to expect good w

5、eather and good harvests)戏曲traditional opera杂耍variety show灯谜riddles written on lanterns灯会exhibit of lanterns守岁staying-up拜年pay new year's call; give new year's greetings; pay new year's visit禁忌taboo去晦气get rid of the ill- fortune祭祖宗offer sacrifices to one's ancestors压岁钱gift money; mone

6、y given to children as a lunar new year gift辞旧岁bid farewell to the old year扫房spring cleaning; general house-cleaning年糕nian-gao; rise cake; new year cake团圆饭family reunion dinner年夜饭the dinner on new year's eve饺子jiao-zi; chinese meat ravioliTranslation1. 中国的传统节日拥有丰富的文化意义和悠久的历史，组成了中华文化重要辉煌的一部分。 节日的形

7、成是一个国家历史文化积累起来的漫长过程。一些历史人物被赋予永恒的纪念渗入节日，所有这些，都融合凝聚节日的内容里， 使中国的节日有了深沉的历史感。 中国土地广袤有许多民族， 不同民族在不同的地方有不同的节日。 甚至在同一个节日，他们也遵习不同的风俗。 在这里我们介绍一些重要普遍的节日。事实上，这些传统节日吸收了不同地域许多民族的营养，是整个中国的珍贵文化遗产。Boasting rich cultural meaning and a long history, traditional Chinesefestivals compose an important and brilliant part

8、of Chinese culture. The formation of traditional festivals is a long process of historical and cultural accumulation in a nation. Sometimes historical figures become the focus of a festival, showing people's commemoration for them and endowing some historical sense to it. As China is a vast land

9、 and has many ethnic groups, different ethnic groups have different festivals in different places. Even on the same festival, they follow different customs. Here we introduce some important and commonly celebrated festivals. In fact, these traditional festivals have absorbed nourishment from differe

10、nt regions and various ethnic cultures and are a precious cultural heritage for the whole Chinese nation.2. 传统节日是一个民族发展的历史产物。大多数传统节日都源自于人们在农业生产生活中对丰收的期盼、 对天地神灵和自然的崇拜、 以及对历史人物的祭奠等等。中国传统节日深深植根于农耕文化之中，在演变过程中深受儒家思想的影响。 透过传统节日可以反映一个民族的文化特色和民族精神。 从某种程度而言， 中国传统节日已经渐渐摆脱原始禁忌和崇拜，演化成为体现儒家和谐思想的欢庆祥和的节日。传统节日定型于汉代

11、，在盛唐时被发扬光大 ,成为具有丰富内容和多样形式的弘扬中华民族优秀传统文化和传承中华传统美德的重要载体。历代的文人雅士、诗人墨客，为一个个节日谱写了许多千古名篇，使中国的传统节日包含着深厚的文化底蕴。Traditional festivals are the historical products of a nations development.Most traditional festivals originated from people s expectation for hain the agricultural production, the worship towards th

12、e gods and thenature, sacrifices to the historical characters and etc. Chinese traditionalfestivals are deeply rooted in the agricultural civilizationand greatlyinfluenced by Confucianism in the term of evolution.Through traditional festivals, the distinct cultural characteristics of a people and th

13、e national spirits can be observed. To some extent, Chinese traditional festivals have relieved from the primitive taboos and tended to be happy festivals which reflect the concept of harmony in Confucianism.Traditionl festivals are shaped in Han dynasty and booming in Tang dynasty,and it was at tha

14、t time that traditional festivals became a important carrier of the great traditional Chinese culture and the noble traditional virtues with various forms and rich contents.Litterateurs and poets in centuries have wrriten massive amount of masterpieces for these festivals,letting traditional festiva

15、ls full of deep inside cultural information.3. 中国传统节日作为一种行为层面的传统文化，根植于中国古代农耕文化，在长期的流传过程中形成了自身独特的文化内涵， 体现了强大的文化凝聚力与生命力，有时甚至于文化精神，民族精神相联系，在社会发展过程中具有非常重要的作用。Chinese traditional festivals which belong to a traditional customary culture rooted in the farming culture in ancient China.All the festivals con

16、tain their unique cultural connotations ,reflect the strong cohesion and vitality of the culture in the long historical development.They are sometimes even related to the cultural spirit and national spirit,and should play important roles in the development of society.4农历九月九日， 为传统的重阳节。 因为古老的 易经中把 “六

17、 ”定为阴数， 为阴性，把“九 ”定为阳数，为阳性。九月九日，日月并阳，两九相重，故而叫重阳，也叫重九。也因为“九 ”与 “久 ”谐音，古人认为是个值得庆贺的吉利日子 .在古代，民间在重阳节有登高祛病的风俗，故重阳节又叫 “登高节 ”。登高所到之处，一般是登高山、登高塔。唐代文人写了许多重阳节的习俗；因此古人从很早就开始过此节日。The 9th day of the 9th lunar month is the traditional Chongyang Festival, or Double Ninth Festival. In an ancient book Yi Jing (or The

18、 Book of Changes), number "6" was thought to be of Yin character, meaning feminine or negative, while number "9" was thought to be Yang, meaning masculine or positive. So the number nine in both month and day create the Double Ninth Festival, or Chongyang Festival. Also, as doubl

19、e ninth was pronounced the same as the word to signify "forever", the Chinese ancestors considered it an auspicious day worth celebration. The custom of ascending a height to avoid epidemics was passed down from long time ago. Therefore, the Double Ninth Festival is also called "Heigh

20、t Ascending Festival". The height people will reach is usually a mountain or a tower. Ancient literary figures have left many poems depicting the activity ， consequently ancient Chinese began to celebrate this festival long time ago.单词：菊花： chrysanthemum长寿： longevity茱萸： dogwood登高： ascend a heigh

21、t菊花酒： Chrysanthemum Wine重阳糕： Double Ninth Cake清 明 节（ Tomb-Sweeping Day ） Qing Ming Jie （ All Souls' Day ）Qing Ming is a time to remember the dead and the dearly departed. More important, it is a periodto honour and to pay respect to one's deceased ancestors and family members. Because itrein

22、forces the ethic of filial piety, Qing Ming is a major Chinese festival.Literally meaning "clear" (Qing) and "bright" (Ming), this Chinese festival falls in early spring, onthe 106th day after the wintersolstice . It is a "spring" festival, and it is an occasion for the

23、 wholefamily to leave the home and to sweep the graves of their forebears. Chinese being practicalpeople this sweeping of the graves is given an extended period, that is, 10 days before and afterQing Ming day. Among somedialect groups a whole month is allocated.清明节是一个纪念祖先的节日。主要的纪念仪式是扫墓， 扫墓是慎终追远、 郭亲睦

24、邻及行孝的具体表现；基于上述意义，清明节因此成为华人的重要节日。清明节是在仲春和暮春之交，也就是冬至后的106 天。扫墓活动通常是在清明节的前十天或后十天。有些地域的人士的扫墓活动长达一个月。Solstice 至，至点forebear 祖先dialect 方言 legend 传奇consternation 惊愕commemorate 庆祝，纪念5. The Spring Festival 春节The Chinese Spring Festival falls on the very first day of the Chinese Lunar year . The celebration of

25、 the Spring Festival, otherwise known as the Chinese New Year, starts from the first day of thefirst lunar month and ends on the Lantern Festival, that is, the fifteenth of the month. T he Spring Festival to the Chinese is what Christmas to the Westerners (中国人过春节相当于西方人过圣诞节).The Spring Festival Eve除夕

26、The Spring Festival Eve , or the Chinese New Year s Eve, isDaniancalltheSanshi（大年三十） in Chinese. It is a time of jubilance, with eyeful of Spring Festival couplets, earful of loudfirecrackers, and the kitchen full of yummy stuff cooking on the stove. Wherever they are, people will hurry back home fo

27、r their family reunion on the eve.The Spring Festival Eve Dinner 年夜饭The Spring Festival Eve Dinner is known as the Dinner of Reunion. On the Eve, children awayfrom home will all come back to enjoy a tableful of delicacies together with their parents. Peoplein the north prefer jiaozi , the southerner

28、s like tangyuan, sweet round dumplings to indicate family reunion , and niangao, which means going“ higher and higher in the coming year ”.Spring Festival Couples 贴春联It has been a tradition for the Chinese to paste Spring Festival couples on the doors during the Festival . Words of auspiciousness ar

29、e written in the couples, which are called duilian 对联 , or the Pair Couplets, b ecause the words on both couplets should be equal in number, parallel in form,and attuned in meaning . Sometimes people also paste a hengpi 横批 , a horizontal scroll bearing an inscription, above the couples.Gift Money压岁钱

30、On the festive occasion, young children will pay New Year calls on and express their best wishesto their elders who, in return, will offer them yasuiqian压岁钱 , money given to children as aSpring Festival gift.The money is usually wrapped up in red papera symbol of good fortune.Setting off firecracker

31、s 放鞭炮Part of the Spring Festival celebration is to set off firecracker , which is meant to add joy to the festivity . People wish that, by setting off firecrackers, good luck would come to them in the coming year.Paying New Year Calls 拜年The Spring Festival is also a time to pay festive visits and sa

32、y good wishes to one another among relatives, friends and neighbours.Vising Temple Fairs 赶庙会During the Festival, people visit temple fairs, where an assortment of entertaining performances takes place, including Yandko 秧歌 (a rirual folk dance popular in north China), acrobatics（杂技） and folk art show

33、s. Varieties of snacks and commodity exchanges （商品交易） are also the integral parts of the fair.The Lantern Festival 元宵节The 15th day of the first lunar month is the Chinese Lantern Festival,which coincides with the firstfull-moon night of the year( 这一天正好是新年的第一个月圆之夜). The major activities of theday inc

34、lude watching painted lanterns , solving riddles , setting off fireworks , and eating yuanxiao 元宵 (sweet dumplings) made of glutinous ?glu:tin? s(粘的，胶装的 ) rice flour （糯米面，糯米粉） .Eating Yuanxiao 吃元宵Eating yuanxiao 元宵 on the day of the Lantern Festival symbolizes family reunion and happiness . Yuanxiao

35、 are made with glutinous rice flour dough, stuffed with a variety of food such as red beanpaste, sesame, mixed nutlets with sugar. Minced meat is another favored flavor ( 元宵用糯米粉包馅制成， 馅儿有豆沙、芝麻、 各类果仁加白糖，还有肉糜馅等 ). In southern China, people also eat tangyuan 汤圆 (like yuanxiao 元宵 ).Watching Painted Lante

36、rns 赏花灯On the night of the Lantern Festival, lines of painted lanterns are hung around the courtyard and along both sides of the street. The colorful lights against the full moon create quite a visual feast for people to enjoy (人们观灯赏月，其乐融融 ).Solving Lantern Riddles 猜灯谜Solving riddles written or prin

37、ted on lanterns is another way of entertaining visitors on the night.The Dragon Boat Festival 端午节The Chinese Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month on the Chinese Lunar Calendar . The story goes that the day is kept in memory of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan 屈原 who died more tha

38、n 2000 years ago. It salso a day to pray for agricultural harvests as well as to drivepestilences ?pestil?ns away (同时也是人们祈求农业丰收，驱除瘟疫的节日).Qu Yuan (339BC? 278BC?) 屈原Qu Yuan 屈原 , a patriotic poetof the Chu State楚国 in ancient China, is greatly respected bypeople of all times, for both his fine poetry an

39、d noble character . It was on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in the year 278 BC after the falling of the Chu State （楚国） that Qu Yuan （屈原） gave his life to his beloved motherland by drowning himself in the river (因楚国国都失陷，屈原悲愤地投江而死 ).Dragon Boat Racing 赛龙舟The dragon boat is made of wood, with

40、mythical dragon head and dragon tail decorations on it. Dragon boat racing originally showed people s wish to rescue Qu Yuan（屈原）from drowning, and gradually became a popular competitive mass sport (赛龙舟最初是表达屈原投江后，人们寻救他的迫切心情，后来逐渐成为端午节流行的一项民间体育竞技活动).Eating Zongzi 吃粽子Legend has it that in order to keep

41、the fish away from eating Qu Yuan s body, people would throw rice wrapped in bamboo or reed ri:d （芦苇） leaves into the water to feed the fish. That show the tradition of eating zongzi 粽子 (rice dumplings wrapped in leaves) around the Dragon Boat Festival started. A zongzi （粽子） is usually made in the s

42、hape of a triangular or square lump ( 粽子外形为三角形或四角形 ), wrapped in large bamboo leaves. The ingredients are mostly glutinous rice, beans, Chinese dates, or pork .Hanging Moxa挂艾蒿Moxa leaves are hung in front of every household during the Dragon Boat Festivalin order toexpel?k'sp?l（驱逐）evil spirits a

43、nd to relieve people s internal heator fever (驱邪解毒 ). Thesweet scent of the herb, however, can also repel flies and mosquitoes, and purify the airaround thehouse.The Moon Festival 中秋节The Moon Festival or the Mid-autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of the ChineseLunar year . It is a

44、lso called the Festival of Family Reunion团圆节 , as the full moon around thattime very well symbolizes harvests and reunion . It is a time for family members to get together and savour'seiv ? 尽情享受 moon cakes as they admire the full moon .The Moon Cake月饼The Cake of Reunion 团圆饼 is another name for the moon cakes. Made by wheat flour dough and stuffed with a wide variety, sweet or salty ,moon cakes are both the must-eat food and major gift items around the Moon Festival ( 月饼是中秋节人