英式英语与美式英语词汇的区别

1、英式英语和美式英语词汇的区别1.正书法：英式英语受法语影响较大前为英式后为美式.例词均为英式英语形-our/-or:colour,labour,flavour,humour,但表示动作施行者的-or英美同形-re/-er:centre,theatre美式英语中可表示居U场,metre-nce/-nse:defence,offence-ise,-isation/-ize,-ization:organisation,recognise,但在英国的牛津大学出版社用的是-ize-ae,-oe/-e:encyclopaedia,foetus-lled,-lling,-ller/-led,-ling,-l

2、er:traveller,signalling-l/-ll:instalment,skilful等元音+l+辅音的情况cheque/check:仅在表示支票时grey/gray:灰色kerb/curbmould/mold:霉,霉菌pyjamas/pajamasstorey/story:层,楼层sulphur/sulfurtyre/tireyoghurt,yogurt/yogurt2词汇前为英式,中间为通用括号中表示多用于某方,后为美式horseriding/-/horsebackridingsweets/-/candyabseil/-/rappeladvert/advertisement/-:

3、广告-/aerial英/antenna:天线aeroplane/-/airplaneAlright?,Alrightmate?/Hi!/Whatsup?alsatian/Germanshepherd美/-:谢泼德犬amber/yellow/-:交通信号灯上的黄灯answerphone/answeringmachine/-:留言机anticlockwise/-/counterclockwise:逆时针aubergine/-/eggplant:茄子arse/-/ass屁股-/autumn/fall:秋天aye苏格兰/yeah,yes/-balaclava/-/skimask:面罩,滑雪面罩bang

4、er俗/oldcar/-:老爷车banger/firecracker/-:爆竹banger/sausage/-英式香肠note,banknote/banknote美语罕用/bill:纸币bap/breadroll/-bap俗/breasts/-/barbecue/grill:烤肉,露天烤肉bath/bathtub/-:浴缸bedsit/-/singleroomoccupancy:单人房biro/ballpointpen/-:圆珠笔bloke/guy/-boiler/-/furnace:供暖锅炉bonnet/-/hood:汽车前盖boot/-/trunkbraces/-/suspenders:吊

5、带裤的吊带buildingsociety/-/savingsandloanassociationbumbag/-/fannypack:腰包busstation,coachstation/-/busterminal:公交总站burgle/-/burglarize:入室盗窃campsite/-/campground:宿营地,露营场campingpitch/-/campsite:支帐篷的地方candyfloss/-/cottoncandy:棉花糖caravan/-/traveltrailer:拖挂式房车railwaycarriage,carriage,coach/-/railroadcar,car:

6、客车车厢casualty,accidentandemergency,A&E/emergencydepartment/emergencyroomcatapult/-/slingshot:小型弹弓carpark/-/parkinglot,parkinggaragecashpoint,cashmachine,hole-in-the-wall/ATM:自动取存款机centralreservation/-/medianstrip:中央隔离带canteen/-/cafeterialcinema/-/movietheater,theater:电影院cheers/thanks/-:语气较轻的谢谢chemist

7、/pharmacy/drugstore:药店chips/frenchfries,fries/-:炸薯条,炸土豆条clingfilm/-/plasticwrap:食品保鲜膜,食品包装膜coach/-/bus:城际观光巴士cooker/-/stove,range:烹调用的灶coriander,corianderleaves/-/cilantro:香菜corn/grain/-:谷物,粮食cornflour/-/cornstarch:玉米粉,玉米淀粉cornershop/-/generalstore:小卖部,小杂货店cot/-/cribcot表示简易折叠床:婴儿床cottonbud/-/cottons

8、wab:棉签,棉棒courgette/-/zucchini:西葫芦crisps/-/potatochips:薯片,土豆片cul-de-sac/deadend/-:盲路,死胡同CVcurriculumvitae/-/rsum6:简历,履历drawingpin/-/thumbtack:图车丁drivinglicence/-/driverslicense:驾驶证,驾驶执照注意拼写dressinggown/-/bathrobedualcarriageway/-/dividedhighway:有中央隔离带的干线道路dummy/-/pacifier:婴儿含的奶嘴duvet,quilt,bedspread/

9、-/comforter:床罩,被罩dustbin,bin/-/wastebasket,trashcan:垃圾箱electricfire/electricheater/spaceheaterengaged/busy/-:对方通话中,正在通话entr出starter/firstcourse,appetizer/-:前菜-/maincourse/entre:主菜councilestate,estate/housingproject:住宅区,住宅小区industrialestate,estate/industrialpark:工业区,工业开发区estateagent/-/realtor:不动产商est

10、atecar/-/stationwagonex-directory/-/unlistednumber:未记入号簿的号fag俗/-/Nicotianatabacum:烟草fizzydrink/carbonatedsoftdrink/sodaflannel/facecloth/washclothflat/-/apartmentflyover/-/overpass:立交桥,立体交叉点fringe/-/bangsfortnight14+night/twoweeks/-:两周,两个星期football/-/soccer:足球fryingpanskillet为方言/fryingpan/skillet:平底

11、锅fullstop/-/period:句点,终止符garage,petrolstation/-/gasstation:力口油站gobsmacked俗/astonished/-goods/freight,cargo/-:货物grass俗,supergrass俗/informant/stoolpigeon俗:密告者grill/-/broilgrill指的是露天烤肉grotty俗/dirty/-greengrocer/-/-:蔬菜店guard/conductor/-:歹U车长hardshoulder/-/breakdownlane:硬路肩hash,hashmark,hashsign/numbersi

12、gn/poundsign:井号,#Haveyougot/Doyouhave美/-headmaster,headmistress/-/principal:校长highstreet/mainstreet/-:商业街hirepurchase,instalmentplan/-/installmentplan:害U赋贩卖hob/-/cooktop,range:灶的上外表holiday/holiday指节日/vacation:休假,假期旅行Howno?苏格兰/Whynot?/-Hoover商标/vacuumcleaner/-:吸尘器indicator/-/blinker,turnsignal:转向灯,方向

13、指示灯invertedcommas/quotationmarks/-:弓I号-/policecar/patrolcar:警车jelly/-/jell-O商标,gelatindessert:果冻jam/-/jelly:果冻斗的果酱jumblesale/-/rummagesale:学校,教会等街区性的拍卖jumper,pullover/sweater美/-:毛衣lass出格兰,bird俗/girl/chick俗laundrette/-/laundromat:投币式洗衣店letterbox,postbox/-/mailbox:收信用的邮箱,信箱lift/-/elevator:箱式电梯10ch苏格兰/

14、lake/-:湖,峡湾loo,bogs俗,khazi俗/toilet/restroom:卫生间,厕所lorry/truck/-:卡车lounge,sittingroom/livingroom/-:起居室mackintosh,mac/raincoat/-:雨衣,雨披mains,mainselectricity/-/householdpower,domesticpower,linepower,gridpower:商用电源mate/-/pal,buddy,budmaths/mathematics/math:数学managingdirector,MD/chiefexecutiveofficer,CEO

15、/-:行政总裁,最高治理者HappyChristmas!/MerryChristmas!/-mince,mincedmeat/-/groundmeat:肉酱,肉沫mobilephone/-/cellphone:,移动motorway/-/freeway,expressway:高速公路motorcar/car/automobile:汽车nappy/-/diaper:尿布,尿片newsagent/-/newsdealer:报干U亭,杂货店newsreader/-/newsanchor,newscaster新闻播报员,播音员nick俗/-/-:警察局；逮捕;盗窃noticeboard/-/bulle

16、tinboard:公告栏布告栏numberplate/registrationplate/licenseplate:车牌OAPoldagepensioner/elderly/seniorcitizen:高龄者,老人off-licence/-/liquorstore:贩酒店Oi!/Hey!/-:打招呼的喂！pavement/-/sidewalk:人行道pedestriancrossing,zebracrossing,pelicancrossing/-/crosswalk:人行横道,斑马线peg,clothespeg/-/clothes-pin:晾衣夹petrol/-/gas,gasoline:汽

17、油postbox,pillarbox/-/mailbox:寄信时的由6筒-/pissed俗/loaded俗,wasted俗:醉了,喝醉了-/pissedoff俗/pissed俗pisshead俗/-/takeout:酒豪,千杯不倒的人pissingitdown俗/pissingdown俗/-:大雨,下大雨plaster/-/Band-aid商标:创可帖plaster/orthopediccast,cast/-:石膏绷带P&Ppostingandpacking/-/S&Hshippingandhandling:物品的由6资,由B费topost/tosend/tomail:邮寄,投递postcod

18、e/-/postalcode常用,zipcode:邮政编码posterestante/-/generaldeliveryposterestante仅用于国际邮件:邮件的滞留powercut/-/poweroutage:停电pram/-/babybuggy:厢型婴儿车press-up/push-up/-:俯卧撑provisionallicence/-/learnerspermit:临时驾驶执照,练习驾驶执照pudding/dessert/-:餐后甜点purse/coinpurse/-:女性用的零钱钱包,小钱包-/handbag/purse:手袋,手包pushchair,buggy/-/strol

19、ler:椅型婴儿车pylon/-/transmissiontower,mast:输电铁塔queue/-/line:等待的队,队列quite/fairly/pretty:相当,很quid俗/-/-:英镑railway/-/railroad:铁路,铁道rat-arsed俗/-/-:烂醉redundancy/layoff/-:解雇revcounter/-/tachometerreversechargecall/-/collectcall:对方付费theRiverThames/-/theColoradoRiverroundabout/-/rotary,trafficcircle:环岛式交叉点round

20、about/merry-go-round,carousel/-:旋转木马rozzer,copper,filth,pigs俗/cop/-:警官rubber/eraser美/-:橡皮擦rubbish/-/garbage,trashsanitarytowel/-/sanitarynapkin:卫生巾Sellotape商标/cellophanetape/scotchtape:透明胶带serviette/tablenapkin/-:餐巾setsquare/-/triangle:三角尺,三角板silencer/-/mufflershop/-/storeshop指小型商店:商店shopassistant/s

21、hopworker/salesclerkshoppingtrolley/-/shoppingcartskint俗/broke俗/-sleet/-/-:霆,介于雨夹雪和冻雨之间的一种天气现象-/-/sleet:冻雨spanner/-/wrench:扳手springonion/-/scallion:大葱squaddie俗/-/G.I.俗:士兵squash/cordial/-:加水稀释后饮用的果汁饮料sultana/-/raisin:葡萄干summat俗/something/-swede/-/rutabaga:芜菁takeaway/-/togo:将刚购置的食品带走的外卖tannoy商标/PAsystem,loudspeaker/-:扩音装置,PAtap/-/faucet:水龙头tea/dinner,supper/-:晚餐tea一局部地区,dinner/-/lunch:一天里最为充实的一顿饭也可能是午餐teatowel/dishtowel/-telephonebox/t