形容词地比较级和最高级详解与练习

1、word形容词副词的比拟级和最高级英语中大多数形容词是可以分等级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比拟级和最高级。注意：英语中有些形容词说明形状、材质等，还有形容词没有程度可分或其本身就表示某种程度，故 而没有比拟级和最高级。常见的有：right正确的wrong错误的excellent最好的final最后的last最后的possible可能的 first第一的 east东方的 empty 空的wooden木制的 impossible不可能的favorite 最喜欢的round圆的 golden金色的 square方的形容词副词比拟等级的构成：1. 规如此变化ID构成方式原级比拟级最咼级1一般情况，直接

2、加词尾-3r或者-esttall youngtaller youngertallest youn gest2以e结尾的，加-或-tnice largenicerlargernicest largest3以辅音字母+y结尾的， 把 y t i,再力口 -er或 -esthappy busyhappier busierhappiest busiest4以重读闭音节(辅兀辅结构)结 尾的，双写结尾的辅音字母， 再加-er或-est .big hot thinbigger hotter thi nnerbiggest hottest thi nn est5useful careful difficul

3、t expe nsivemore useful more careful more difficult less expe nsivemost useful most careful most difficult least expe nsive双音节或多音节的形容词可以在形容词原级前直接力口 more / less 或 most / least 构成形容词的比拟级和最高级注：(1) .以否认前缀un-构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest;un tidy-un tidier-un tidiest.(2) .以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面

4、加more, most,如：slowly, quickly, softly,angrily等。(3) .由-ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规如此动词如know宀known)只能加 more或most来表示它们的比拟级和最高级。女口： excited, tired, boring;(4) . 以-y, -er, -ow, -le 结尾的双音节词， 末尾力口 -er, -est.女口： able, healthy, funny, busy, hungry, easy, happy, early, pretty, lazy, heavy, dirty, clever, narrow

5、等。(5) . new, few, slow, clean等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。2. 不规如此变化ID原级比拟级最高级1good/ wellbetterbest2ill/ bad/ badlyworseworst3many/ muchmoremost4littlelessleast5farfarther/furtherfarthest/ furthest6oldolder/ elderoldest/eldest注：1、只有少数形容词和副词有两种比拟级和最高级形式：clever, old , far2、特别提醒：further不仅可以指距离更远"，还可指 程度更深

6、。记住以下三个词组: further study(进修),further , education(继续教育)further information(进一步的信息).elder表示 前辈的"、年纪较长的'，仅用于同一家庭成员的比拟；通常只能指人，且只作定语即只用于修饰名词。如:elder sister（姐姐），elder brother（哥哥），elder son长子；older如此不受这些限制。 补充用于不可数名词用于可数名词表示 多much more the mostmany more the most表示少littleless the leastFew fewer the

7、 fewest比拟等级的用法：一、原级形容词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。用原级进展比拟时可以使用下面两种结构（同级比拟）：1. 表示比拟的双方相等，用" asaS结构， 与一样"。表示 前者像后者一样"，即 A + be + as +形容词原级 + as + B. e.g. John is as tall as his brother. we II give you as much help as we can.You' re boy as good as Tom.=You ' res good a boy as Tom.你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。2

8、. 表示比拟的双方不相等（形容词原级表示比拟级含义）:，用“notasas"结构，意为 不如，不与"，表示前者不如后者"，即 A + be + not as +形容词原级 + as + B. 。 e.g. John is not as tall as his brother. She isn ' at（so）active in sports as before.Joh n is not so stupid as Mike. =Joh n is less stupid tha n Mike. =Joh n is cleverer tha n Mike. 约翰

9、不象迈克那么 笨。3. 表示A是B的多少倍：A+be+倍数+as.as+B.女口： The earth is 49 times as big as the moon.My ruler is twice as long as yours.二、比拟级当把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比拟时，就需要用到形容词比拟级。其结构是：A + be +形容词比拟级 + tha n + B.e.g. Jackie is taller than Alex, but Alex is heavier than Jackie.1. 比拟级后面往往用连词than连接另一个比拟的人或事物，但在上下文明确的情况下，形容词比拟级可

10、单 独使用。例如：This ruler is very Ion g,but that o ne is Ion ger.这把尺子很长，那把尺子更长。2. 在比拟级中为了防止重复，than后面要用that或those来代替用来比拟的名词。如：In summer, the weather in Chongqing is hotter than that in Yibin.在夏季，某某的天气比某某的天气热。The flowers in my garden are much more beautiful than those in the park.我家花园里的花要比那个公园里的花 漂亮多了。比拟级的几

11、种特殊用法：1. 用比拟级表示最高级A+be+比拟级+tha n+a ny other+单数名词，或者， A+be+比拟级+tha n+the other+复数名词He is taller than any other student in the class. =He is taller than the other students in the class.他比班上其他的 同学都高。2. 两个中比拟 的 A+the+比拟级 +of the two/pair/twins :He is the cleverer of the two. = Of the two boys, he is the

12、 clever.他是这两个中比拟聪明的3. 越来越More and more 注：这里的 more代表比拟级，而不是说一定是more,如说，越来越聪明就该说：cleverer and cleverer.一般和动词 be, get, bee变得连用。He is gett ing more and more han dsome It is being cheaper and cheaper4. 越就越The morethemore注：此处的 more和上面一样，代表比拟级。女口：The richer you are, the happier you will be.The harder you w

13、ork, the better your grades will be.5. 表示大多少，多多少，高多少等 A+be+数量词+比拟级+than+B.女口：She is two years older than me 她比我大两岁.6. 表示倍数，A+be+数词+times+形容词比拟级+tha n+B Our room is twice larger than theirs.我们的房间是他们的两倍大。注：两倍为 twice而不是two times.7. more than 多余，超过，相当于 over； less than 少于，不足。如:He is more than（over） 80 ye

14、ars old I have less than five yuan.使用比拟级时常见的错误：（1）more不可修饰比拟级，但是much可以用来加强比拟级，意为“ 的多"、更.'。She looks more younger than I. （ x ）She looks much younger than I. （ V）拓展：修饰比拟级的词或词组除了书上所列举的much和a little以外，还可以用 a lot, far, a bit, a little,many, still, even 等，但一定不能用very , more , quite, too, so 等.如：I

15、 feel much better now.我现在感觉好多了。This box is a little heavier than that one.这只箱子比那只箱子重一点儿。（2）比拟的对象或 X围出现错误。A、比拟对象不对等：The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing.（ X（比拟的对象应该是的天气，而不是The weather of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing.（ 谋某的天气比的热 （that 代天气）B、逻辑错误：从比拟X围上看，如果在同一X围内，形容词的比拟级必须把自己排除掉，即自己

16、不能与自己相比，而最高级必须包含自己。例如：1.他比他班的任何一个学生都高。误： He is taller than any student in his class.（he 包括在 any student 里面）正: He is taller than any other student in his class.（any other student 里面已排除了 he）2. 这块手表是所有手表中最好的。误：This watch is the best of all the other watches.（all the other watches 不包含前面的 this watch）正: T

17、his watch is the best of all the watches.（all the watches 包含前面的 this watch）3. 中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。误：China is larger than any country in Asia.（）（出现了逻辑上的错误，中国在亚洲X围内，应当排除在外）正：China is larger than any other country in Asia.（V）中国比亚洲别的国家要大。注意：如果不在同一 X围内，比拟级就不必把前面的主语排除掉。例如：Shanghai is larger than any city in Aus

18、tralia.某某比澳大利亚任何城市都大。（某某不属于澳大利亚，所以city前不必加other）试比拟：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.某某比中国任何一座城市都大三、最高级三者或三者以上的人或物进展比拟，表示其中程度最高的比拟形式需要使用形容词的最高级。其结构是：A + be + the形容词最高级+ of /in +比拟X围.（注:形容词最高级前面通常要加定冠词the）e.g. Jackie is the tallest in our class. or Jackie is the tallest of all the stud

19、e nts.须注意的情况：1、 最高级后面往往用of或in介词短语来表示形容词的最高级的比拟X围of或in短语可提前到句首。of短语所指的X围通常是一群人或一些事物，而不是一个场所；如果指一个场所，如此用介词in。例如： He is the strongest of the three.他是三个人中身体最强壮的。He is the strongest in our class .他是我们班里身体最强壮的。2、 形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the,而以下几种情况一般不需要加定冠词the:1形容词最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等限定词修饰时，最高级前不用the。如：The Yel

20、low River is the second Iongest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。The Changjiang River is the Iongest river in China. 长江是中国第一大河。He is our best teacher他是我们最好的教师。(2)形容词最高级在句中作表语而比拟X围又不明确时，最高级前不用the。如：They are happiest on Saturdays他们在星期六最快乐。3如果两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时，第二个形容词最高级前不加 the。如：He is the you ngest and talle

21、st boy in his class.他是班上年龄最小、个子最高的男孩。3、表示"最.之一"，one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数。女口： one of the largest cou ntries最大的国家之一, one of the tallest people 最高的人之一注：副词最高级前常省略the。重点与难点：(1)toot与so/suchthasb.can ' t的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语 有两个，试比拟：The man was too angry to be able to speak. = The man

22、was so angry that he wasn' able to speak.The milk was too hot to drink. =The milk was so hot that we can ' drink it.The boy is too young to go to school. =The boy is so young that he can' t go to to school. = He is such athat he can ' t go to school.tooto 与not enough to句型的转换：He is to

23、o young to get married.=He is n ot old eno ugh to get married.The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is n ot easy eno ugh for me to read.附加练习：形容词比拟级和最高级一、写出如下单词的反义词1. hot 2.new3. clean4. high5. heavy6.cold7. bad二、写出如下形容词的比拟级和最高级old busy thin longwidefatheavyunhappybrightly-quicklyslowfe

24、wbadlyfarhappy-many5. delicious三、用所给词的适当形式填空：1. Bob is( young ) tha n Fred but(tall) tha n Fred.2. Yin gtia n is not as (tall) asY on gxia n.3. Almost all the stude nts' faces are the same but Li Deming looks(fat) tha n before .4. Which is (heavy), a hen or a chicke n?5. - How(tall) is Sally? -

25、She' s 1.55 metres(tall). What about Xiaoli ng?-She' s only 1.40 metres (tall). She is much (short) than Sally. She is also the (short)girl in the class.6. He is (bad) at learning maths. He is much (bad) at Chinese and he is the(bad) atEn glish.7. Annie says Sally is the(kind) pers on in the

26、 world.8. He is one of the(frien dly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictio nary is much(expe nsive)tha n a story-book.10. An orange ia a little(big) than an apple, but much(small) than a watermelon (西瓜).11. Miss Chen isthan Mr. Wang. (popular)12. Mr. Lin isthan Mr. Brow n. (sad)13. The basketbal

27、l isthan the baseball. (big)14. Questi on A istha n Questi on B. (importa nt)15. A rose isthan a weed(野草).(beautiful)16. Toronto iscity in Can ada. (large)17. Play ing puter games isof all the activities.( in terest in g).18. The Nile(尼羅河)isriver in the world. (long)19. Good health isthing life. (im

28、porta nt)20. Taking a taxi isway to get to the airport. (easy)21. Test 1 isof all the tests. difficult22. He isthan any other boy in the class. clever23. She istha n all the other stude nts. (young)24. The wi ndow isof the two. (n arrow)25. Where is thebus-stop? (n ear)26. He is one ofpoliticians( 政

29、治家).(famous)27. Tom drives muchthan Joh n. (careful)28. The white flower is(beautiful). The yellow flower is(beautiful)than the whiteflower. The red flower is theof the three.29. Your classroom is(wide)a nd(bright) tha n ours.30. Is your sister(young) tha n you? Yes,she is.31. Who is(thi n), you or

30、Hele n? Hele n is.32. Fa ngfang is not as(tall) as the other girls.33. My eyes are(big) tha n(she).34. Which is(heavy),the elepha nt or the pig?35. John ' s parents have four daughters, and she is the(young) child.36. This book is not as(in teresti ng) as that one.37. Saturday is my(busy) day in

31、 a week.38. Her mother is gett ing(fat) and(fat).39. I think it' s too expe nsive. I' d like a(cheap) one.40. He es to school much(early) tha n I.41. - Annie plays the pia no very(well). - Sue plays it(well) tha n Annie. And Sally plays itthe(well).42. Sue is a little(beautiful) tha n her si

32、ster.43. My room is not as(big) as my brother' s.44. -How difficult is physics? -I' m not sure. -Is it(difficult) tha n maths?- I don' t think so.45. Most of the stude nts think a lion is much(dan gerous) tha n a bear and it is the(da ngerous)ani mal in the world.46. The apples in the ot

33、her shop area nd.(cheap; good)47. Many of the stars are so away that we can' t see them. (far)48. The Yangtze River(长江)is very(long) .In fact, it_ s river in China (long).49. The(much), the(good).50. Nowadays(现在)English is( important ) than any other subject, I think.51. Tom can jump(high). He j

34、umps(high) tha n the other boys in his class.52. Janet sing(well) in her class. She can sing(well) tha n her music teacher, too.53. My father is(han dsome). But my brother is(han dsome) tha n him. He is(han dsome) inmy family.54. I have(many) books in my class. But my teacher has(many) books tha n(I

35、).55. Their house is much(old) tha n(we).56. She dances(well) than(he).57. His house are(small) of the four.58. Does her mother get up(early) tha n(you)?59. Which eats(many), the mouse, the dog or the horse?60. Which is(heavy), a hen or a chicke n?61. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the(clever).62. Go

36、ld(黄金)is(little) useful than iron(铁).63. Practice as(much) as you can.64. My brother is two years(old)than I / me .65. The(cheap) bags are not usually the best on es.66. Li Deming looks(fat) tha n before after the summer holidays.67. The boy is not so(in teresti ng) as his brother.68. Dick sings(wel

37、l), she sings(well) tha n Joh n, but Mary sings(well) in her class.69. She will be much(happy) in her new house.70. Alice is not as(tall) as Mike.四、选择题()1. She istha n.A. busier / us B. busier / our C. more busy / us D. more busy / we()2. Ja ne isthan Betty.A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tal

38、l D. not as tall()3. China iscountry in the world.A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest()4. -Which isseas on in Beiji ng?-I think it's autu mn.A.goodB.better C.bestD.the best()5 . - Which is, the sun, the moon or the earth? - Of course, the moon is.A.sma

39、ll B.smallerC.smallest D.the smallest( )6.The air in Beiji ng is gett ing muchnow tha n a few years ago.A. clea n B. clea ner C. clea nestD. the clea nest()7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they aretha n before.A.cheap B.cheaper C.cheapestD. the cheapest()8 . I study English asas my brother.

40、A.hard B. harder C. hardest()9. Which is, a bicycle or a puter? A.expe nsiveB.more expe nsiveC.the most expe nsive()10. The YellowRiver is one ofrivers in Chi na.A long B Ion ger C theIon gest()11 . He feelstoday tha nyesterday. A. tired B.more tired C. more tireder D. much tired()12. Which do you l

41、ike, coffee, tea or milk? A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst()13. Of the two toys, the child chose.A. the more expe nsive B. one most expe nsive C. a least expe nsive D. the most expe nsive of them()14. The line istha n that one.A. more Ion ger B. n ot Io nger C. much more Ion ger D. many m

42、ore Ion ger()15. She is the seco ndstude nt in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest()16. The book isof the two.A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinn est()17. She lookstha n she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older()18. The garde n is being.A. more beau

43、tiful and moreB. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautiful()19. They peted比赛to see who could workD. more beautiful and beautifulerA. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better C. fastest and better D. faster and better()20.hurry,speed(欲速如此不达).A. More, less B. Much, little C. The

44、more, the less D. The much, the little()21. This kind of coffee is differe nt.A. and it is also better B. and better tha n the other C. but also tha n others D. from the other, and better()22.The earth isthe moon.A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 timesKey