UnitDisney World Cities of Simulation as Postmodern Utopias 练习答案

1、Unit 12 Disney World: Cities of Simulation as Postmodern UtopiasConsolidation ActivitiesI. Text Comprehension1. Decide which of the following best states the authors purposeA. To offer a critical view on the illusion created by Disney World and a caution about the impact of technology on humanity.B.

2、 To explain how Disney World caters to human desires and psychological needs.C. To point out the wonders of modern technology that could give us power over, and freedom from, the physical world. Key A 2. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1). Disney Worl

3、d creates a perfect world which can temporarily enable visitors to forget reality. T 2). In Disney World, visitors are offered normally unavailable opportunities to see into human motives. T 3). Disney World reveals the power of technology with which we can now enjoy what seems possible only in the

4、future. T 4). Disney World differs from other utopias invented by Western civilization in that it is only a place of entertainment and does not tend to mislead people. F 5). With the help of technology Disney World appeals to visitors desire for a better world by bringing them back to their innocent

5、 and happy childhood. T II. Writing StrategiesIt is worth noting that the author uses “visitors,” “they,” and “them” in the first two paragraphs, but he uses “you” in Paragraph 3 and “we” or “us” in all other paragraphs. Obviously the shift of addressing forms has some specific functions. Find the p

6、laces where the author addresses the readers in different forms and explain the functions of such shifts.When he uses “visitors,” “they” and “them,” the author refers exclusively to people who enjoy the fun in Disney World, thus the readers are presented as bystanders. When he uses “you” as in “When

7、 you put all this together .” (Paragraph 3), the readers are invited to offer their critical judgment and consequently the shift shortens the distance between the readers and the issue under discussion. When he uses “we” and “us,” the author draws the readers closer to the relevant issues, since wha

8、t is discussed concerns all of us. Thus, the issues are rendered with a wider significance that is not merely limited to “visitors” and “them.”III. Language Work1. Explain the underlined part(s) in each sentence in your own words.1). On the thrill rides, they defy gravity, moving at speeds and in wa

9、ys that seem to violate what common sense tells them should be possible.à refuse to obey; act against2). The effect is not unlike participating in a 365-day-a-year holiday, in which negative emotions are banished from life.à taking part in 3). In Disney World, we transcend the mundane. 

10、24; go beyond the uninteresting everyday world4). In all this, Disney undoes the dry “scientism” of the world view of contemporary societies. à works against/reverses the effect of; present-day5). . we could realistically hope that technology would usher in an age of affluence . à lead in/

11、bring in; prosperity6). Disney World is a place that masquerades as the happy ending, in which progress culminates in a utopia of transcendence that undoes the fallen state of nature, society and ourselves. à disguise itself as/appears to be; ends in7). But unlike most others, which were render

12、ed in fiction or put into practice in small communities, in Disney, a perfect world is seemingly brought to life with simulation and offered as a vacation paradise. à presented; made more real and exciting8). But it does so by inviting us to regress to a state of happiness before the fall from

13、childhood, with simplified visions of life that filter out the difficult truths of the self and society.à go back; remove9). The contradictions inherent in Disney World are deepened by the fact that it is only able to show us its vision of utopia by turning us into passive consumers who are tak

14、en for rides. à intrinsic; cheated/deceived10). In Disney, we see the ultimate attempt to rely on technology, in which even experiences are manufactured for us by machines. à depend on2. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1). The book is a fictionalized (ficti

15、on) account of the life of St. Francis. 2). Containment (contain) of crowd violence was the polices main concern.3). It was clear that they had not acted in violation (violate) of the rules. 4). Shes perpetually (perpetuate) asking me for money. 5). The best films are those which transcended (transc

16、endence) national or cultural barriers. 6). There is a lot of interest in carrying out experiments in the weightless (weight) conditions which are experienced aboard space stations. 7). There is a growing disenchantment (disenchant) with the way the club is being run.8). What we are seeing increasin

17、gly is a society of private affluence (affluent) and public squalor. 9). The constraints (constrain) of politeness wouldnt allow her to say what she really thought about his cooking.10). The certificate had clearly been falsified (false).3. Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with a phrase taken f

18、rom the box in its appropriate form.masquerade as | of the essence | culminate inconform to | bring to life | revolve around | revealconceal | magic wand | usher in | float1). In any of these discussions, of course, honesty is of the essence.2). The conversation revolved around childcare problems.3)

19、. Members must conform to a strict dress code.4). The sound of piano-playing floated out through the open window.5). Is there something youre concealing from me?6). The legislation should usher in a host of new opportunities for school leavers.7). Hooligans masquerading as football fans have once ag

20、ain caused disturbances.8). My arguments with the boss got worse and worse, and it all culminated in my deciding to change jobs.9). This film really brought to life the interesting period in the countrys history.10). She warned that she had no magic wand to solve the problem.11). A joke can be very

21、revealing about what someones really thinking. 4. Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence.1). The manager prepared a computer simulation of likely sales performance for the rest of the year.à a model of a problem or course of events made by computer2). A forest fire raging i

22、n the south of France is defying all attempts to control it.à withstanding3). They were banished from the library for making noise.à sent out4). The change has been evolutionary rather than revolutionary.à gradual5). My partner is labouring under the illusion that we will be able to c

23、omplete the project in time.à wrongly believes6). Reports about the accident began to filter in.à appear gradually7). Dont rely on finding me here when you get back.à Dont expect to find me here8). What a narcissist he must be all these mirrors everywhere. à a person with great a

24、dmiration for himself9). Before buying a pram, make sure that it conforms to the official safety standards. à reaches/meets10). Have you heard the rumors floating around that the shop is going to close?à spreading around/circulating among people5. Correct the errors in the following passag

25、e. The passage contains ten errors, one in each indicated line. In each case, only one word is involved.Corrections should be done as follows:Wrong word: underline the wrong word and write the correct word in the blank.Extra word: delete the extra word with an “×.”Missing word: mark the positio

26、n of the missing word with a “” and write the missing word in the blank.We Didnt Mean ItAdvertising logos and brand names can cause trouble when one is selling goods all around the world. “Sweat” may sound perfectly pleasant to Japanese people, but it is a terrible name at a drink for English-speake

27、rs. Red may mean happiness to the Chinese, but it might suggest danger to Europeans. Nike innocently put on a design on the sole of some of its shoes that happened to look to some people like the sacred name of Allah in Arab. No Muslim wanted to walk on the holy name, so Nike moved to apologize quic

28、kly and withdrew the shoes. In the United States, a group of Christians decided the logo of one major companylike a symbol for the devil. Many consumers started to boycott the companys goods, and it had to spend a lot of money on restoring its good publicity image. In some cases, people simply have

29、different ideas about what is appropriate.In Hong Kong, an advertising company used a large picture of Adolf Hitler. Some people were amused, and other appalled. Airwalk shoes showed Buddhist monks in sports shoes, and even a monk remove a sheet of paper to be used for cheating from a students shoe.

30、 People in Thailand were upset by this and considered it an insult to their religion. Heres a final example. A UK clothing company showed men staring at models wearing the companys garments. The men forget everything else because of the beauty of the models. In one case, the man had his head of a tr

31、ain window, and the train was about to go into a tunnel. Do you find that amusing or disgusted?(1) for(2) on(3) Arabic(4) was/looked(5) public(6) others/other people(7) removing(8) forgot(9) out(10) disgusting6. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.Disneys Animal Kingdom

32、Sitting on the southwest portion of Walt Disney Worlds property in Central Florida is the newest (1) theme park to be added to the companys kingdom of fantasy. Disneys Animal Kingdom is a 500-acre mélange of (2) simulation and authenticity, fact and fantasy, archetype and entertainment. Disney

33、describes it as a nature park, but “nature” park would be closer to the truth. Actual nature, after all, is too unpredictable and dangerous, and lacks sufficient (3) entertainment value for a postmodern theme park. Instead, Disneys Animal Kingdom offers visitors a spectacular version of the “(4) nat

34、ure” of media-saturated America, known for Tarzan movies, contrived documentaries about the wild, and the science-fictionalization of just about (5) everything from toothpaste commercials to TV news.The park can perhaps best be described as a giant, immersive storybook that lets visitors not only me

35、et its (6) characters but act out their (7) roles.Like video game players and audiences in movie rides, visitors become part of what appears to be a living (8) fantasy or a materialized work of fiction that has been designed to play on their fears and desires.Disney believes that this ability to imm

36、erse visitors in a work of (9) fiction is one of the parks great (10) strengths. The story the park recounts is one that is (11) popular in the entertainment industry based on a fictionalized and commercialized version of environmentalism. It depicts an innocent unfallen nature, which is a cornucopi

37、a of (12) life, that is threatened by a malevolent irresponsible humanity. Visitors become the storys (13) heroes by symbolically defeating the villains and helping return the world to its proper (14) balance. That makes Disneys Animal Kingdom one of a growing (15) number of eco-adventures that try

38、to turn the visitor into cyber-Tarzan, the nature (16) savior, who routs invaders from a society corrupted by avarice.At the most basic archetypal level, the story embodied in the park is also a myth about life versus (17) death. Visitors participate in the (18) myth by trying to save an uncorrupted

39、 realm of Eden-like nature from falling into the (19) realm of death brought by society. Many of Disneys theme park attractions similarly take visitors into a world of innocence before the (20) fall. But, here, visitors get to pretend they are fighting to keep the fall from taking place, as they def

40、end unfallen nature against its despoilers. IV. Translation1. Translating Sentences1). 她对上菜场买菜之类的凡俗之事不感兴趣。 (mundane)à Mundane matters such as going to the market to buy food do not interest her.2). 我还记得我那无忧无虑的学生时代。 (carefree)à I still remember my carefree student days.3). 在孩子幼年时由于缺少家长养育造成的

41、损害是很难消除的。(undo)à Its very difficult to undo the damage caused by inadequate parenting in a childs early years.4). 观众显然为她的表演所陶醉。(be enchanted by)à The audience was clearly enchanted by her performance.5). 威尼斯电影节一直都是展示优秀的意大利电影的盛会。(showcase)à The Venice Film Festival has always been a sh

42、owcase of the Italian cinema.6. 她因车祸大脑受损，智力退化到一个五岁孩子的水平。(regress to)à She suffered brain damage from a car accident and regressed to the mental age of a five-year-old.7). 小心点，否则他会欺骗你的。(take sb. for a ride)à Be careful or hell take you for a ride.8). 州政府试图对公众隐瞒事件的真相，但是失败了。(conceal) à T

43、he state government tried to conceal the truth of the accident from the public, but in vain.9). 昨天报上发表的三篇文章都是围绕着本地区的环保问题展开讨论的。(revolve around) à The three articles published in the newspaper yesterday revolved around the issue of environmental protection in this area.10). 他的论点的实质是教育应当贯穿我们的一生。(e

44、ssence)à The essence of his argument is that education should continue throughout our lives.2. Translate the following passage into English. 电影专家说，动画艺术的发展要归功于沃尔特·迪斯尼。迪斯尼的艺术家们努力将生命注入每幅图画。也就是说，他们必须感受卡通生物的全部情感：喜、哀、怒、惧。艺术家们对着镜子看自己表达各种情感：微笑、流泪、脸红、睁大眼睛，然后把表情画到每一个卡通生物的脸上。 迪斯尼的动画艺术在1940年的电影木偶奇遇记（P

45、inocchio）中达到了顶峰。该影片讲的是木头玩具活了起来变成一个小男孩的故事。为了制作木偶奇遇记，迪斯尼的艺术家们画了250万张画。艺术家们画的是平面画，然而他们创造了空间和实物感。木偶奇遇记是个想象中的世界，然而它看起来很逼真。参考译文Movie experts say Walt Disney was responsible for the development of the art of animation. Disneys artists tried to put life into every drawing. That meant they had to feel all th

46、e emotions of the cartoon creatures: happiness, sadness, anger, fear. The artists looked at themselves in a mirror and expressed each emotion: a smile, tears, a red face, wide-opened eyes. Then they drew that look on the face of each cartoon creature.Disneys art of animation reached its highest poin

47、t in 1940 with the movie Pinocchio. The story is about a wooden toy that comes to life as a little boy. Disneys artists drew two-and-a-half-million pictures to make Pinocchio. The artists drew flat pictures. Yet they created a look of space and solid objects. Pinocchio was an imaginary world, yet it

48、 looked very real. V. Oral Activities1. Giving A TalkSpeaking of Disney World, such words like “wonderland,” “dream world” may pour into your mind. In the first paragraph, the author discusses the essence of Disney World. He thinks much of it revolves around Disneys effort to create the illusion for

49、 visitors that they have entered a perfect world, which more closely conforms to their desires. You may agree or disagree with him. Please give a talk on this topic.(For reference)Disney World is a paradise for everyone, old and young. It is favored by people from all over the world for many reasons

50、. For me, the most important reason is that while you are in Disney World, you totally forget about who you are and what you do. You just enjoy every minute of it. It is where you can see the world through the eyes of a child and have your dreams come true. You can cry, you can shout, you can jump,

51、and you can do many things that would be considered crazy elsewhere. With the development of society and quickened process of urbanization, everyone is faced with more pressure today, so we need a vent. Disney World is such a place. If you are happy, come to Disney World, where your happiness will b

52、e doubled; if you are not happy, come to Disney World, where your bad mood will vanish.2. Having A DialogueIn the fourth paragraph, the author mentions that the creations of simulation culture, such as Disney, “seem to be re-enchanting it for us with the new promise that art and technology can re-cr

53、eate our surroundings .” Simulation culture, whether we admit it or not, has come into our daily life, for example, 3D movies, cosplay (i.e. costume play), etc. Can you give some other examples? Do you like simulation or not, Why?Now please take part in a dialogue with your partner. (For reference)A

54、: Simulation culture, such as 3D movies and cosplay, gives us new feelings and a different approach to life. Do you like it?B: Oh, yes. Didnt you watch the 3D Titanic? It is so amazing! Especially when the ship is rupturing and sinking into the sea. It is so vivid that it makes you feel as if you we

55、re also a passenger on board that ship.A: Youre right! I thought I was like another Rose and I couldnt help holding my breath. I shared the whole process with all the other passengers on board, if not with all the other movie-goers in the cinema, all the way through the end of the movie.B: Me too, m

56、e too. In recent years, there are many 3D movies that give us brand-new experiences and feelings.A: I also hear that some companies encourage their employees to do cosplay once a month.B: Really? Thats interesting! I really think its good, because sometimes we just want to be somebody else. Everyone

57、 can be tired of his old self.A: I couldnt agree more.VI. Research Paper WritingWriting an Analytical PaperGenerally, research papers are of two kinds: ANALYTICAL (using evidence to analyze facets of an issue) or ARGUMENTATIVE (using evidence to attempt to convince the reader of your particular stan

58、ce on a debatable topic).An analytical paper is a written assignment that analyzes, examines or interprets something. Here, we must differentiate between various kinds of such essays: description, cause and effect, process analysis and literary analysis.To analyze means to break a topic or concept down into its parts in order to inspect and understand it, and to restructure those parts in a way that makes sense to you. In an analytical research paper, you do