鲁教英语九年级各单元重难点总结详细

1、初四英语 Unit 1 What would you do ?重点短语1. What if 2. pretend to do sth. 3. be late for4. a few 与 a little，few 与 little 5. still6. hundred, thousand , million, billion 7. what if + 从句8 . add sth. to sth. 9. 系动词与形容词连用10. too +形/副+to do sth. 11. help with sth12. in public 13. energetic, energy14. ask sb. t

2、o do 与ask sb. not to do sth. 15. start doing =start to do.16. borrow sth. from sb. 17.wait for sb18. introduce sb. to sb. 19. invite sb. to do20. have dinner/ supper have breakfast/ lunch/dinner21 . plenty of + 可数名词/不可数名词 22.give sth. to sb.= give sb. sth. 23. get along with sb. 24. would rather do

3、sth. than do sth.25. whole 26. in fact 27. let sb. down28. come up with sth.与 catch up with sb. 29. have experience doing30. come out 31. by accident 32. hurry to do33. more than 34. offer sb. sth.重点句型1. What would you do if you won a million dollars? 假如你赢了一百万美元，你将用它做什么？动词win和beat 都可以表示“赢，胜”，其区别是：前者

4、后接比赛、奖品、名声、2. If I were you, Id wear a shirt and tie. 如果我是你，我就穿衬衫戴领带。3. If I were you, Id be a little late. 如果我是你,我就晚点到。a little可以作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词以及形容词和副词的比较级等，相当于a bit。4. What if everyone else brings a present? 要是其他人都带了礼物该怎么办呢？5. Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble. 噢，狗可能带来许多麻烦。be in trouble “处于困境中”。H

5、e is in trouble. Lets help him. 他现在处于困境中，我们帮帮他吧。6. Id introduce myself. 我会作自我介绍。7. Id invite him/her to have dinner at my house. 我会邀请他/她到我家吃晚饭。8. If you answered c for most questions, then you are probably prettyconfident. 如果你大部分问题的答案都是c, 那么你可能相当自信。9. Social situations dont bother you in the slighte

6、st. 社会环境一点儿也不会影响你。10. Sometimes you might annoy people because youre so confident. 有时候因为你太自信可能惹恼其他人。11. You have plenty of friends and you enjoy the company of other people. 你有很多朋友，而且还喜欢同他人在一起。12. Your friends would probably say that you are easy to get along with. 你的朋友或许说你很容易相处。13. You like talking

7、 to one or two people rather than to a group. 你喜欢跟一两个人说话,而不喜欢跟一群人说话。14. .but you always come up with good solutions to peoples problems.但是你总能想出好方法来解决人们的问题。15. His new book What Would You Do If.? came out last month. 他的新书如果你该怎么办?上个月出版了。16. And if it hurt for more than a few days, Id see a doctor.但是如果

8、它疼了好几天，我就会去看医生。重点语法1、虚拟语气 即 if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句 型条件从句主 句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用were)would+动词原形 即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时 如：

9、If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上没有人请我当电影演员)2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +从句 假装 I pretende

10、d that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 迟到 如： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义 如：He has

11、 few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。5. still 仍然,还 用在be动词之后，行为动词之前 如： I am still a student.我仍然是个学生 I still love him.我仍然爱他。6. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several 一词时不能加s ，反之，则要加s 并与of 连用， 表示数量很多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 几

12、百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树7. what if + 从句 如果怎么办 ， 要是 又怎么样 如： What if she doesnt come? 要是她不来怎么办？ What if Li Lei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？8. add sth. to sth. 添加到 如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。9. 系动词与形容词连用 be/ get nervous 变得紧张 feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好10. too +形/副+to do sth. 太而不能 如：

13、Im too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。11. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem. help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松12. in public 在公共场所 如:Dont smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。13. energetic adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。 energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。14. ask sb. t

14、o do 叫做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告诉做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉不要做某事如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.15. start doing = start to do. 开始做某事 如： He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。16. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如： I borro

15、wed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。17.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am waiting for him. 我正在等他。18. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如： I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。19. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如： Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。20. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、

16、吃早餐21. plenty of 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 许多 如： They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。22. 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to me give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果23. get along with sb. 与相处 如： Do you get along well with your friends? 你和你的朋友相处得好吗？24. would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某

17、事而不愿做某事 如： I would rather walk than run. 25. whole 整个 26. in fact 事实上27. let sb. down 让某人失望 如： Dont let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。28. come up with sth. 提出 想出 如： He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。 catch up with sb. 追上 赶上 如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。29. have experience doing 在做某事有经验 如：

18、 I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教中文方面有经验。30. come out 出版，出来 如： The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出版一次。31. by accident 偶然地，无意之中 如：Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不小心割到自己的手指。32. hurry to do 匆忙 I hurry to call the police.33. more than 超过34. offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句

19、中作主句的宾语。 1.由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成 2.常由下面的一些词引导： 由that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 由if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否等) I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。 由 连接代词、连接副词(疑问词如：what, when, how, where, who, why等) 引导表示特殊疑问意义 Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想

20、要买什么吗？ 3.从句时态与主句时态 当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 I dont know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。 She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？ 当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) 如： He s

21、aid (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。 I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？Unit 2 It must belong to Carla.重点短语：1、belong to属于2、listen to classical music听古典音乐3、at school上学、求学、在

22、学校4、go to the concert去听音乐会5、have any/some idea知道 have no idea不知道6、a math test on algebra有关代数的数学考试7、the final exam期末考试8、because of因为9、a present for his mother送给她妈妈的礼物10、run for exercise跑步锻炼11、wear a suit穿西装12、make a movie拍电影13、in our neighborhood在我们附近、在我们小区14、have fun玩耍、取闹15、his or her own idea她（他）自己

23、的看法16、late night深夜 17、an ocean of许许多多、无穷无尽的18、be care of=look out当心、小心19、pretend to do sth假装干20、use up用完、用光重点句型1. It must belong to Carla. (P9)它肯定是卡拉的。2. He was the only little kid at the picnic. (P9)他是野餐中惟一的小孩。3. I dropped it during the concert so it might still be in the symphony hall. (P11)音乐会期间我

24、把它弄丢了，因此，它可能还在交响乐大厅里。4. I tried to call you but your mom said you were still at your optometrist appointment. (P11)我设法给你打电话，可你的妈妈说你还在如约验光配眼镜呢。5. I really need it because I have a math test tomorrow. 我真的需要它，因为明天我有一场数学考试。6. If you have any idea where might be please call me. 如果你知道它可能在哪，请打电话给我。7. Its c

25、rucial that I study for it because it counts 30% to the final exam. (P11)我复习应对的这次考试很重要，因为它占期末考试的30%。8. The earrings might be a present for his mother. 耳环可能是他给他妈妈的礼物。9. The UFO is landing. 那个不明飞行物正在着陆。10. He might be running to catch a bus. 他可能正跑着去赶公共汽车呢。11. However, these days, strange things are ha

26、ppening in our neighborhood and everyone is unhappy. (P13)但是这些天，我们街坊发生了一些奇怪的事情，这使得每个人都不开心。12. When he was interviewed by the local newspaper. (P13)当地的报纸采访他时13. .but they cant find anything strange. (P13)但他们找不到任何奇怪的东西。14. I dont think so! (P13)我认为不是这样。15. There must be something visiting the homes in

27、 our neighborhood. (P13) 肯定有什么东西光顾我们的街坊的各家了16、No more mystery in Bell Tower neighborhood.钟塔附近不再有神秘的事了。17. Maybe it means youre afraid of too much homework! (P13)也许那意味着你害怕有太多的家庭作业！18. Dont let yesterday use up too much of today. (P14)不要让昨天占去了今天太多的时间 (今日事，今日毕)。19. He who would do great things should n

28、ot attempt them all alone. (P14) 做大事的人不应该孤军奋战。（一个好汉三个帮。）重点语法1、 must，may，might，can，could 表示推测，不肯定语气的运用。 must 一定 肯定 (100%的可能性)may, might, could有可能，也许 (20%80%的可能性)cant 不可能，不会 (可能性几乎为零)The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it. The CD might/could/may belong to Tony because he likes listening to

29、pop music.The hair band cant be Bobs. After all, he is boy!注：表推测时，might，could不是may和can 的过去式，而表示委婉语气 对现在的推测结构：Must/ may/ might/ can/could + 动词原形 对过去的推测结构：Must/ may/might/can/could + have + 动词过去分词 对现在发生或将要发生的事情的推测结构：Must/ may/might/can/could + be + 现在分词注：如果对以上情况进行否定推测，只要在情态动词后加not 即可。但常用来表否定推测的是can和co

30、uldeg： He must be in your room. 他肯定在你的房间里 （对现在情况的肯定推测） She must have played the piano before. 她以前肯定弹过钢琴 （对过去情况的肯定推测） He must be running to catch a bus. 他一定是正在赶车 （对现在进行动作的肯定推测） That cant/ couldnt be wrong. 那不可能是错误的 （对现在情况的否定推测） She cant/ coundnt have finished her homework. 她不可能完成了作业（对过去情况的否定推测）2、 表推测

31、时：must be “一定是”，变为否定句时，把must be 改为 cant be （不可能是）3、 belong to + n/ 人称代词宾格 “属于，为所拥有”其主语通常是物，但是belong to 没有被动式，也不能用于进行时态，其后也不能接名词性物主代词或名词所有格。eg： This classroom belongs to us. 这间教室属于我们。 belong to = be owned by “被所拥有” sb belong to + 集体或组 “隶属，是的成员”相当于：be a member of eg: She belong to our school tennis te

32、am. 她是我们学校网球队的一员4、go to a concert 参加音乐会 give a concert 举行音乐会5、 have some/ any idea ：知道、了解 + about + of + n/ 代词/ 从句 have no idea：不知道，不了解 6、 落下 drop：表示让物体落向低处，可指有意识的行为或无意识的行为。 fall： 表示物体本身由于失去平衡或其它原因，向下坠落，多为 无意识的行为 eg: He dropped a letter into a post-box. 他把信投进了邮箱（指意识的行为） Many trees fell in the strom.

33、 许多树在暴风雨中倒了。（指无意识的行为） fall：也可作系动词，表示“变得，进入某种状态”7、 crucial = important 至关重要的 be crucial to sb/ sth “对某人或某物至关重要” eg: The medicine is crucial to the boys life 这种药对于这个男孩的生命至关重要8、英语中百分数的读法：基数词 + percenteg: 30% 读作： thirty percent9、 ancious = worried ：担心的，忧虑的，渴望的 be anxious about/ for 为而担忧，着急 be anxious （f

34、or sb）to do sth ：渴望某人做某事eg：Parents are anxious about their childrens health. 父母都是为了孩子的健康而担忧。 He is anxious to have a house. 他渴望拥有一间房子。10、neighbor ：（n）邻居、邻人 next-door neighbor: 隔壁邻居 neighborhood：（n）社区、四邻、街坊eg：in the neighborhood 在附近 neighborhood schools： 邻校11、 There must be “一定是”其反意疑问句用“isnt there” T

35、here be 句型还可用于完成时，其结构为： There have been + n There be + n + doing “有在进行” eg: There is someone knocking at the door. 有人在敲门12、garbage = rubbish = trash 垃圾 （均为不可数n）13、happen 和take place 意为“发生” 二者均不可用于被动语态 happen “发生”不及物动词，一般指未经计划的，特别是无预见性的事故，自然灾害等发生时使用，在句中用事故、自然灾害作主语。eg：A car accident happened last Frid

36、ay. 上周五晚发生了一场交通事故 happen to sb “某事发生在某人身上”事作主语 have an accident “出事故”人作主语eg：Lucy had an accident on her way to school。 Lucy 在上学的路上出了事故 take place“发生”不及物动词，一般用于按计划去做的事情，一般的变化等发生时，用事情，变化等作主语。eg: Their Enghlish test will take place on October 31st. 他们的英语测试将在10月31日进行。14、escape from/ out of : “从地方逃离” 相当于

37、 get away from15、 an ocean of “极多的，数不尽的” the Pacific 太平洋 the Atlantic 大西洋 the Indian 印度洋 the Arctic 北冰洋注：以上的几个专有名词后可加ocean 表示洋16、 be careful ：“担心，小心”在祈使句中单独使用 be careful to do sth ：当心做某事 be careful + 从句 “当心”此时，be careful = take care ：小心、担心 be careful of “对注意，保护，当心”有免受伤害之意 be careful with “对仔细或细心”有免差

38、错之意eg：be more careful with your work. 对你的工作要更加小心17、 pretend “假装、伪装” 后接n，代词，动名词或从句作宾语 pretend to do sth 假装做某事 eg： He pretend to be reading. 他假装在看书18、attempt “尝试“后接名词、代词或动名词做宾语eg： I attempt walking until I fell over. 我尝试着一走，最后摔倒了。19、复合不定代词的运用： 复合不定代词在句中作主语或宾语，但不作定语，做主语时，谓语用单数。eg：Everynoe in my school

39、knows Mr Li. 我们学校的每个人都认识李老师。 形容词或不定式做定语修饰不定代词时，需要放在不定代词之后eg：I have nothing important to do now, I want to buy something to eat. no结构的复合不定代词表示否定意思 every结构的则表示全部 some 结构的一般用于肯定句或委婉语气中 any-结构用于否定句或疑问句中，表示不确定的语气 somewhere, anywhere , everywhere (相当于here and where) 表地点，一般用于句子末尾做地点状语不定代词归纳如下：somebody 某人 s

40、omeone 某人 something 某人/ 物anybody 任何人 anyone 任何人 anything 任何物/ 人everybody 每个人/ 大家 everyone 每个人/ 大家 everything 每一件物/ 事nobody 没有人 none 没有人/ 物 nothing 没有事/ 物 somewhere 某一处 anywhere 任何一处 everywhere 到处/ 每一处 Unit 3 We are trying to save the manatees. 重点短语1care for 关怀，照顾2pull down 摧毁，推翻3be made from 由制成4be

41、like 像 5be endangered 濒临灭绝的6how big 多大7ten feet long 十英尺长8used to 过去常常9try to do sth 尽力做某事10be against doing sth 反对做某事11in my life 在我的生命中12be suitable for sb to do sth 适合某人做某事13be surprised to do sth 惊讶地做某事14living textbooks活生生的教材常用重点句型1. manatees are gentle. 海牛很温顺。2. I like pandas best because they

42、 are so cute. 我最喜欢熊猫了，因为它们太可爱了。 3. I agree / disagree with you. 我同意/不同意你的意见。4. I think that我认为5. I believe that我相信6. I feel that我觉得7. Were trying to save the manatees. 我们正在尽力挽救海牛。（现在进行时）8. Manatees eat about 100 pounds of food a day. 海牛每天要吃100磅左右的食物。（一般现在时）9. There used to be a lot of manatees. 过去有许

43、多海牛。（一般过去时）10. In 1972，it was discovered that they were endangered. 1972年发现海牛濒临灭绝。(被动语态)11. Some of the swamps have become polluted. 一些沼泽地已经受到污染。（现在完成时）15provide sth for sb.提供某物给某人16provide sb with sth提供给某人某物17once a day 一天一次 18educate the public 教育公众 19take care of 照顾，照料 20agree with/ disagree with

44、同意/不同意某事21stop doing sth 停止做某事22be hard to do sth做某事很困难23recycling paper 废纸回收24turn off the lights 关灯25hear of 听说26come from 来自27be made from制成（看不出原材料）28win an award 获奖29in ones spare time在某人的空闲时间30raise money 捐钱重点句型及语法知识点1Were trying to save the manatees.我们正在努力挽救海牛。(1)try to do 努力做例如：I tried hard n

45、ot to laugh. 我极力忍住不笑。(2)try doing 试做（可达到目的的方法）例如：If the car wont start，try pushing it. 如果这车发动不了，试着推一推它。2I am like this animal because I am strong and intelligent.我像这个动物是因为我强壮而且聪明。 3. There used to be a lot of manatees. 从前有大量的海牛。比较used to do，used to doing，be used to do(1)used to do 过去常常做某事（而现在不做了）e.g

46、. We used to help him a lot when he first came here. 他刚来的时候我们经常给他帮助。 Did you use to see each other? 你们以前经常见面吗？(2)be used to +名/动名词，表示习惯于某事，习惯于做某事，有时写成become used to渐渐习惯。e.g. Im really not used to such dry weather.我实在不习惯这样干燥的天气。 (3)be used to do sth 被用来做某事，be used 是被动语态。e.g. This room is used to have

47、 dinners. 这个房间用来吃饭的。4. I am writing to say that I am against building a new zoo in our town. 我写信是想说我反对在我们城市建一个新的动物园。against prep. 反对e.g. They are strongly against the idea. 他们强烈反对这个主意。for prep. 赞同，支持，同意e.g. Im all for the young enjoying themselves. 我完全赞同年轻人多一些娱乐。5. Ive visited a lot of zoos in my li

48、fe，and I have never seen one I liked or that was suitable for animals to live in.我一生中参观过许多动物园，从未见到一个我喜欢的或适合动物居住动物生活的。6. The animals are kept in tiny cages and can hardly move at all. 动物被关在极小的笼子里，几乎不能移动。(1)keep 使保持 keep+宾+adj./adv./ prep. e.g. This coat will keep you warm. 这件外衣会使你温暖的。 The illness kep

49、t her in hospital. 她因病住在医院里。keep doing sth. 继续做下去e.g. Keep walking until you reach the traffic lights. 你一直往前走，直到红绿灯为止。(2)hardly adv. 几乎不， 是个否定词。 You can hardly hear the music，can you? （注意：反意疑问句用肯定形式） “hardly when” 表示“刚一就”通常前一分句用过去完成时，后一分句用一般过去时。e.g. I had hardly finished one thing when he told me to

50、 do another. 我刚做完一件事，他就叫我做另一件事。7. I was very surprised to find hardly anyone there. 我很惊讶几乎没人在那儿。be surprised (to do sth.)（对某事）感到惊奇的8. They provide homes for many endangered animals，and help to educate the public about caring for them.我们为濒危动物们提供住所，并教育公众照顾他们。provide sth for sb / provide sb with sth 把某

51、物提供给某人e.g. These letters should provide us with all the information we need. 这些信应该为我们提供所需的全部信息。9. If we dont support our zoos，they wont have enough money to take care of so many fine animals. 如果我们不支持动物园，他们就不会有足够的钱来照顾这么多美丽的动物。(1)enough adj./adv. 足够的，用在可数名词复数或不可数名词前，形容词的后面。enough money / people / chai

52、rs 足够的钱/人/椅子e.g. Are you sure he is old enough? 你确定他的年纪够大吗？(2)take care of / look after / care for 意思都是“照顾、照料”10. I urge all of your readers to visit our wonderful zoo soon.我强烈要求所有的读者们尽快来参观我们精彩的动物园。 urge sb. to do 力促、怂恿某人做某事e.g. They urged us to give our support. 他们敦促我们给予支持。11. agree 的用法(1)用于简短回答中“同意”或“赞成”。e.g. Chocolate is good for your health. Do you agree? 巧克力对身体有好处，你认为呢？Yes，I agree. / No，I dont agree. 是的，我觉得是。/ 不，我不同意。(2)agree with sb./sb.s idea/ sb.s view 同意某人，同意某人的观点、想法、主意(3)agree to do sth 同意去做某事e.g. I agree to ask someone for help. 我同意向别人求助。(4)agree t