完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图

1、第四章虚拟语气（一） 状语从句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气在if引导 的条件句中的用法 二联"八、从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相 反的虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式(be用were) If I had time, I would attend the meeting.主语+would(should could might)+动词原型表示与过去事实相 反的拟条件句If+主语+had+动词的过去分词If he had hurried, he could have caught the train.主语+would (should could might) +have+动词的过去分词

2、表小与将来事实相 反的虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+were to+动词原形3、If+主语+should +动词原形If I were to go abroad, I would go to America.主语+would (could should might) + 动 词原型错综时间条件句一 一主从句时间不一 致的情况下的虚拟 语气有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形 式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.If you had stu

3、died hard before, you would be a college student now.含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表小出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise or, without, but for）上下文或其他方式来表小。She would have died without my help.。条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情 况在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if省去，而将had, should, were等助动词提到主语之前。例： 原旬：1: If she were younger, she,would do it.去 i

4、f: Were she younger, she would do it.2: If you had come earlier, you would have met him.去 if: Had you come earlier, you would have met him3:If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.去 if:Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.虚拟语气在 as if/as though引导的方式 状语从句中1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑

5、，谓语动词用过去式。He treats the boy as if he were his own son.2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。He spoke as if he had known about it.3.表小与将来事实相反，（表小将来的可能性不大），用would （might, could）+ 动词原形He acts as if he could win in the game.注思：1.在as if/as though旬中，如果有口能成为事头，用陈述语气。例：He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though或as if引导

6、的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可 省略主语和部分谓语。虚拟语气用在lest, for fear that, so that 及 in order that 弓 I导 的目的状语从句中 表示“以防，以免” 等意思谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成For fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella.“In case”弓I导的从 句中即可用陈述句， 也可以用虚拟语气(should) +动词原型例：1.The game will be put off in case it (shoul

7、d) snow.2.The game will be put off in case it snows.(二)名词性从句中的虚拟语气一：兵语从句中的虚拟 语气1.在动词wish/hop雨的 宾语从句中的虚拟语气， 表存L种/、口能实现的 愿望。对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式或过去进行式。I wish (that) I were a bird.对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去元成时，或would , could, might+ 现在完成时。I wish (that) I had seen the film last night.对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语would/should/co

8、uld/might+动词原形 。I wish (that) I wouldcould go.在表小建议，命令，要 求，忠告，等动词的后 面的宾语从句中的虚拟 语气均以“ should+动词原型”表示这种语气，“ should”常被省略。We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.常用的此类动词启：表示“提议， 劝告， 建议” 的： propose, suggest, recommend, advise.表示“要求” 的： ask, desir

9、e, request, demand, require, beg表示“同意，坚持”的：insist表示“决定，命令”的：decide, order注思：suggest, insist/、表小建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即匕们用于具本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。The smile on his face suggested日f/j) that he was satisfied with our work.The man insisted【坚持认为】that he had never stolen the money.Would rather, had rather, 后的宾语从句

10、中的虚拟 语气谓语动词用过去式表示匕现在或将来相反I would rather you told me the truth.用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的 事的懊悔”。I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.注思：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原型2.would rather .than中用动词原型I would rather do it by myself.I?would?rather?watch TV at home?than?go to the cinema.主语从句中的虚拟语

11、气“It is(was)+形容词(或 过去分词)+thatI”结 构中的虚拟语气表达形式为should+动词原形或省略shouldIt' s quite necessary that we should have a walk now.常用的形容词：natural, appropriate, advisable, necessary important, urgent, probable, possible, desirable, strange注意：在上述所列形容词后面用that引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用 虚拟语气。例：I don't think it advisabl

12、e that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.扬姆缺之经验，指派他做这项，作我认为是不恰当的).在 “It is (was)+ 名词 +that；.”结构句中的虚 拟语气表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。It' s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.这类名词后：advice, decision, desire, demand, idea, order, pity, proposal, recommendation suggestion, surpri

13、se, wish, wonder 等。二.表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气某些表示建议，请求， 命令等主观意向的名词 做主语时，其后的表语 从旬或同位语从句需用 虚拟语气表达形式为should+动词原型或直接用动词原型。My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it.We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off. 在 It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required .that-clause句

14、型中从句用(should )+动词原型It is demanded that we should work out a plan.这类名词常见的有：demand, desire, requirement, advice, recommendation, suggestion order, necessity proposal, plan, idea。在It is (about/high) time+that定语从句中的虚拟语气表示“该做.的时候 了”具动词形式用一般过去时或should+动词原型It is high time that you went / should go to schoo

15、l.注思：在this is the first time/ second time that.句型中,从句中谓语动词 用陈述语气完成时态。This is the second time that we have achieved such a great success.选择题1. If only he quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie2. How I wish every family a large house

16、with a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will have D. had had3. You did not let me drive. If we in turn, you so tiredA. drove; didn ' t get B. drove; wouldn' t get C. were driving; wouldn ' t getD. had driven ; wouldn' t have got4.1 t rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit

17、 to the Yangpu BridgeA. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will5. I suggested the person to be put into prisonA. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if itA. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken7. I insisted to see a doctor, bu

18、t he insisted nothing wrong with himA. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is8. -Your aunt invites you to the movies today-1 had rather she me tomorrow than todayA. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told9. -Would you have called her up had it been possible-Yes, but

19、 I busy doing my homeworkA. was B. were C. had been D. would be10. I was ill that day, otherwise I the sports meetA. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in11. the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been for B. If it were no

20、t C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for12. If my lawyer here last Sunday, he me from goingA. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would preventC. were, preventD. were, would have prevented13. hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D.

21、 Were he to work14. today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leaveB. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left15. Had you listened to the doctor, you all right nowA. are B. were C. would be D. would have been16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she, she would have met my b

22、rotherA. has come B. did come C. come D. had come17. He busy yesterday, or he you with your experiment.A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped18. If it for the snow, we the mountain yesterdayA. were not, could have climb B. were not, cou

23、ld climb C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn ' t been, could climb19. Without electricity, human life quite difficult todayA. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be20. -1 am going to tell her the news-I would as soon you her about itA. didn ' t 由lldon ' t tell C. hadn D. wo

24、ne1l t tell21. Mike ' s father, as well as his mother, insisted he homeA. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay22. It was requested that the play againA. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on23. She insisted that a doctor immediatelyA. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. w

25、as sent24. -Did you scold him for his carelessness-Yes, but itA. I'd rather not dB. I ' d rather not have done C. I should ' t dD. I ' d better not do25. If only I my carA. hadn ' t lost B. wouldn ' t lose C. didn ' t lose D. haven ' t lost26. But for water, it imposs

26、ible to live in the earthA. is B. would C. were D. wouldn ' t be27. I would rather you anything about it for the time beingA. do B. didn ' t Co don 'Dt didn ' t28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he their own sonA. is B. were C. had been D. should be29. H

27、ow the old people wish that they young once moreA. were B. could become C. had beenD. should be30. It is high time that we a meeting to discuss this problemA. hold B. held C. have held D. had held31. The thief closed his eyes he dyingA. even if , was B. though, would be C. even, had been D. as if, w

28、ere32. I wish that you such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concertA. had not B. did not have had C. hadn ' t had D. hadn ' t have33. The chairman insisted that we the question againA. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss). will be discussed34. He req

29、uested that the students them get in cropsA. help B. to help C. helped D. helping35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rulesA. obeys B. Obey C. will obey D. would obey36. I wish I here thenA. was B. had been C. were D. would be37. It is strange that he back so earlyA. came B. will co

30、me C. had come D. should have come38. Mother suggested that I my homework first before watching TVA. did B. do C. shall do D. have done39. My suggestion is that the meeting off till nest SundayA. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put40. He is talking so much about America as if he thereA. had

31、been B. has been C. was D. been41. The teacher demanded that the exam before elevenA. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished42. -Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to -Don' t call me “Joe” , I am Mr. Parker to you, and you forget it!A. do B. didn ' t C. didD. don ' t

32、43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I but I all this morningA. would, have washed B. could, have been washing C. would have, have been washing). could have, had washing44. How I wish I to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had tried B. hadn ' t triedC. have triedD. didn '

33、 t try45. -How could I thank you enough?-Don' t mention it. Any other man itA. must do B. could do C. would have done D. should have done46. Key European governments insist Iraq-opera tioncogood and military action to allowinspections to continueA. be, be delayed B. is, delay C. should be, be de

34、layed D. is , be delayed47. If the hurricane had happened during the day-time,more deathsA. it would have been B. it would beC. there would be D. there would have been48. What the customers from the company is that the goods right to their homes.A. requested, deliver B. demand, be deliveredC. request, should deliver D. demand, delivered49. If law-breakers the society will be in disorderA. made unpunished B. came unpunished C. went unpunished D. not punished50. We took a taxi to t