选修8Unit4Pygmalion

1、年 级高二学 科英语版 本人教新课标版课程标题选修8 Unit 4 Pygmalion-words、phrases and language points编稿老师冯振宇一校林卉二校黄楠审核刘晓军一、学习目标知识目标：学习本单元的词汇、短语和句型。能力目标：能够使用这些词汇、短语及句型进行语言表达，并能够解答与之相关的习题。二、重点、难点 1. 重点：重要单词adaptation, hesitate, mistaken, condemn, acquaintance, fortune, compromise, overlook重要短语passoff as, generally speaking,

2、in terms of, showin, once more, in need of重要句型1）Will that be of any use to you?2）What if I was? 2. 难点：what if 与if only等句型的区别三、知能提升（一）重点单词单词学习 1. adaptation n. 改编 【例句】The play is an adaptation of a short novel. 这部戏剧是一部短篇小说的改编本。【用法】adaptation to 对的适应 The adaptation of animals to the environment is rat

3、her slow. 动物对环境的适应是相当慢的。【拓展】adapt vt.使适应（合）；修改，改编 vi. (to)适应adapt oneself to 使适应；使适合adapt to 适应【考题链接】Its difficult for one to _ to the new surroundings.A. adapt B. addictC. accept D. adopt答案：A解题思路：词义辨析题。Addict to意为“沉溺于”；accept后直接接宾语；adopt后直接接宾语；adapt to意为“适应”，符合语境。 2. hesitate vi. 犹豫，踌躇，不愿【例句】He hes

4、itated before he answered because he didnt know what to say. 他在回答之前犹豫了一下，因为他不知道说什么。Don t hesitate about that. Do it at once. 对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。【用法】hesitate to do sth. 做某事犹豫不决 hesitate about (doing)sth. 对某事犹豫不决【考查点】hesitation n.UC踌躇；犹豫不决【考题链接】Dont _ to correct me if I made a mistake.A. pause B. stop

5、C. mind D. hesitate答案：D解题思路：词义辨析题。句意：如果我有什么错误的话请（你）毫不犹豫来纠正我。Pause to do暂停一下再做；stop to do停下来去做另一件事；mind不跟to连用；hesitate to do毫不犹豫地去做，符合题意。 3. mistaken adj. （见解或判断上）不正确的，错误的【例句】You are mistaken about him你误会他了。It can t have been your car. You must be mistaken. 那不可能是你的车。你肯定弄错了。【拓展】mistake n. &v. 错误，过

6、失；弄错，误解，把误认为by mistake 错误地 mistake for 被误认为是mistake in 在的错误 make a mistake 犯错误【考查点】 mistaken前不能用very来修饰。【考题链接】Someone must have left the door open _ mistake. A. by B. in C. for D. with答案：A解题思路：本题考查mistake的固定搭配。mistake与by连用，by mistake 错误地。 4. condemn vt. 判刑，谴责，宣告不适用【例句】We condemn his foolish behavior

7、. 我们谴责他的愚蠢行为。The criminal was condemned to death. 那个罪犯被判处死刑。【拓展】be condemned/sentenced to death 被判处死刑 condemnation n. 责难，判罪【考题链接】The September11 Attack has been _by the entire international community.A. condemned B. scolded C. criticized D. blamed答案：A 解题思路：本题考查动词词义辨析。题意为“9.11事件受到了整个国际社会的谴责”。condemn谴

8、责，符合句意。scold 斥责；criticize批评；blame责怪均不合题意。 5. acquaintance n. 相识，熟人【例句】He has many acquaintances in the business community.他在商界有很多熟人。I have an acquaintance with him. 我与他认识。【拓展】make sb.s acquaintance = make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人on/upon (further) acquaintance 经过更深入的了解后gain acquaintance with 得以熟悉

9、acquaint oneself with 熟悉，通晓，精通be/get/become acquainted with 与人相识，熟知，精通acquaintanceship n. 相识，交际，交际范围【考题链接】Mary is not my _, just a(an)_A. friend; acquaintances B. acquaintance; friend C. friend; acquaintance D. acquaintances; friend答案：C解题思路：考查名词词义辨析。由句意：玛丽不是我的朋友，而是我的一个熟人，可知答案为C。 6. fortune n.U命运；运气；

10、机会 C财产，财富【例句】 She had the good fortune to be free from illness. 她运气好，没得病。He dreamed of making a fortune. 他梦想发大财。【拓展】 fortunate adj. 幸运的，幸福的make a fortune发财 seek one s fortune外出找出路try one s fortune碰运气be fortunate to do sth.in doing sth. 幸运做某事【考题链接】Many people swarmed into big cities to seek their _,

11、but most of them failed.A. money B. earnings C. salary D. fortune答案：D解题思路：seek one s fortune外出找出路，其他的词都不能作seek的宾语。 7. compromise vi. 作出妥协，让步 vt. 损害名誉，危及，连累【例句】Such conduct will compromise your reputation. 如此举动将会损害你的名誉。【拓展】n. UC妥协，和解，让步 The dispute between the two countries was solved by compromise.两

12、国之间的纷争由互相让步而解决了。reach/arrive at/work out a compromise 达成妥协make (a) compromise with 与妥协compromise with sb. on sth. 跟某人在某事上达成和解【考题链接】If we all agree to make _with each otherwhen we are in disputes, wars are forever gone and we are surely live in peace.A. adjustment B. compromise C. promise D. acquaint

13、ance答案：B 解题思路：考查名词词义辨析，按照句意：“如果我们彼此之间作出妥协和让步”；adjustment 调节；promise 许诺；acquaintance 熟识均不合题意。make (a) compromise with与妥协，可知选B。 8. overlook vt. 忽略；没注意；漏看；不理会；俯视【例句】You have overlooked several of the mistakes in this work. 你忽略了这个工作中的几个错误。 The secretary is very careful and never overlooks any little poi

14、nt.秘书是个很细心的人，从不忽视任何细节。The house on the hill overlooks the village. 从小山上的房子可以俯视村庄。【考查点】辨析overlook, neglect, ignoreoverlook意为“忽略”，多指由于草率、放任或没有注意到而忽视某事；neglect指没有给予或很少给予，后面接sb. /sth.，还可接to do sth. /doing sth.ignore指有意识的拒绝，不给予理睬，其后可接sb. /sth.，不接不定式。【例句】He was so busy that he neglected his health.【考题链接】A

15、merican women were _the right to vote until 1920 after years of hard struggle.A. ignored B. denied C. overlooked D. neglected 答案： B 解题思路：考查动词词义辨析，ignore, overlook, neglected 均意为“忽略”，不合语境。deny sb. sth.拒绝某人某事，符合句意。即学即练 1. The attack by terrorists has been _by the entire world.A. condemned B. scolded C

16、. criticized D. blamed 2. We have been acquainted _each other for a long time. A. over B. for C. by D. with 3. The final proposals were a rather unsuccessful compromise _the need for profitability and the demands of local conservations. A. in B. between C. at D. to 4. Two middle-aged passengers fell

17、 into the sea. , neither of them could swim. A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately D. Naturally 5. I _ him for a foreigner. Why didnt you tell me earlier?A. have mistaken B. mistook C. take D. had taken 6. As they havent a child of their own, theyre going to _ a little girl.A. acceptB. receiveC. ad

18、aptD. adopt（二）重点短语短语学习 1. passoff as冒充，自我吹嘘为【例句】He passed his secretary off as his wife.他让秘书冒充他的妻子。He escaped by passing himself off as a guard. 他冒充警卫逃走了。【拓展】pass off （时间）消逝，（怒气）消失，进展顺利pass away死亡，断气，消失pass by 时间经过，从旁边经过，避开，忽视pass through 穿过，通过，经历pass out 昏厥，醉倒pass down/ on 传递，流传【考题链接】Last night the

19、 old man_.A. passed away B. had dead C. passed by D. passed down答案：A解题思路：考查动词词义辨析。由句意知设空处指老人去世。pass away死亡，断气，消失，符合；B项结构错误；pass by时间经过，从旁边经过；pass down传递，流传。 2. generally speaking一般来说【例句】Generally speaking, the parks are full on holidays. 一般来说，假日里公园都挤满人。【拓展】英语中表示“说”的短语：exactly speaking确切地说 to be fran

20、k = frankly speaking坦率地说in general一般来说 in other words换句话说 or rather更确切地说to sum up概括地说 that is 也就是说 【考题链接】用表示“说”的短语填空。1）_, women live longer than men. 2）He got home late last night, _ early this morning.3）_, I don t enjoy the performance.答案：1） Generally speaking 2）or rather 3）To be frank/honest 3. in

21、 terms of 就来说，从角度【例句】In terms of natural resource, it is one of the poorest countries in Western Europe.从自然资源来看，它是西欧最穷的国家之一。【拓展】terms n. 关系，情谊，条件，措辞，说法be on good/friendly/bad terms (with sb.) 与关系好/亲密/不好be on speaking terms (with sb.) 与某人关系好；肯与某人说话come to/make terms with sb 达成协议 come to/make terms wi

22、th sth. 逆来顺受，屈服于in no uncertain terms 清楚而有力的on equal terms (with sb.) 平等相处，地位相等on ones own terms 按某人决定的条件in the long/short term 长期/短期【例句】At last they are on the speaking terms again! 他们终于又互相说话了。【考题链接】Im _good terms _Mary and she is my good friend.A. on; / B. /; with C. on; with D. with; on答案：C 解题思路：

23、考查介词短语搭配。be on good/friendly/bad terms (with sb.) 与关系好/亲密/不好，符合句意。 4. showin 带或领进来【例句】Tom showed a little boy in. 汤姆带了一个小男孩进来。 Will you show him in? 你把他领进来好吗？【拓展】show的相关短语：show sb. out 领某人出去show sb. around 领某人参观某地show off 炫耀，卖弄，使显眼show up 出现，来到某处，揭露，显得好看【考题链接】 用适当的介词或副词填空。 1）I will show you _ when y

24、ou are in the city.2）She likes to show _ her nice figure by wearing tight dresses.3）Uncle George didnt show _ for our wedding because he forgot it. 4）He showed me _ a sitting room. 答案：1）around 2）off 3）up 4）into 5. once more再一次，又一次【例句】Ill repeat the question once more. 我将把这个问题再重复一次。 【拓展】 与once有关的短语：o

25、nce again 再次once in a while时不时，偶尔，间或once upon a time从前 6. in need of需要【例句】 This house is in need of repair. 这栋房子需要整修。Success is in need of great effort. 成功需要很多的努力。【拓展】in + n. + of 的短语：in honour of 为了纪念；向表示敬意in praise of 歌颂in favor of 赞同，支持in charge of 负责in search of 寻找in possession of 拥有in place of

26、代替 【考题链接】Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students _ financial aid.A. in favour of B. in honour of C. in face of D. in need of 答案：D解题思路：短语意义辨析题。A项意为支持，B项意为纪念，C项意为面对，均不合题意，D项意为需要，符合句意，D项正确。即学即练 1. He is always picking up very heavy things just to _ his strength.A. show around B. sh

27、ow off C. use up D. train 2. _ achievement, last weeks ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.A. In terms of B. In case of C. As a result of D. In face of 3. If you are _ anything, don t hesitate to let me know.A. in memory ofB. in place ofC. in need of D. in cha

28、rge of 4. _, when taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effectWhich of the followings is wrong?A. Generally B. Generally speaking C. In general D. Honestly speaking（三）重点句型句型学习 1. Will that be of any use to you?句子分析本句中的of 表示“从属”关系。【例句】Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。【用法

29、】be of形容词抽象名词be副词与该抽象名词同根的形容词。【例句】What I said is of great importance. = What I said is very important. 我所说的非常重要。 可用于以上结构的抽象名词及相对应的形容词有：ability-able, help-helpful, use-useful, importance-important, interest-interesting, significance-significant, value-valuable【考题链接】 Youll find this map of great _ in

30、helping you to get round London. A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness答案：C解题思路：这里考查的是be of value= valuable。 2. What if I was?句子分析这里的What if意为：要是又怎样；如果将会怎么样；如果又怎样。【例句】What if it is true? 如果这是真的又该如何呢？ What if he doesnt agree? 如果他不同意该怎么办呢？ What if he comes back now? 如果他现在回来怎么办？【拓展】1）if only“只要，但愿”的意思

31、，其后的句型中动词常用过去式或过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望。【例句】Oh! If only Id known earlier. 哦，要是我早知道就好了。If only it were Sunday today. 要是今天是星期天就好了。2）only if 只有当（只是在的时候），此为强调句的一种，如果把only if 从句放在句首，主句用倒装【例句】Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school. 我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。3）as if好像，似乎，仿佛【例句】He looks as if he were slee

32、ping. 他看起来像正熟睡似的。4）even if即使，纵然 【例句】I wouldnt lose courage even if I should fail ten times. 即使要失败十次，我也绝不灰心。【考题链接】 Some people believe that robots will take over the world one day._ that is the case?A. If only B. Only ifC. What if D. Even if答案：C解题思路：由句意：“ 有人认为机器人有一天会统治整个世界。倘若情况是这样我们该怎么办？”可知what if“要是

33、又怎样”符合句意。if only只要；only if 只有当；even if即使，均不合句意。即学即练 1. Andrew won the first place in the physics competition._ ? I dont like science, anyway.A. Why not B. So what C. What if D. How come 2. Fitness is important in sport, but of at least equal are skills. A. important B. importance C. value D. useUnit

34、 4 Pygmalion-Grammar 过去分词一、预习新知过去分词作状语二、预习点拨思考问题一：哪些非谓语动词形式可以作状语？思考问题二：找出本单元中含过去分词的句子。（答题时间：60分钟）一、单项填空 1. I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, so we_ on Italy.A. resigned B. compromised C. promised D. disguised 2. You are grownup now, so its up to you to decide whether to _E

35、nglish or French.A. take off B. take onC. take in D. take up 3. The TV set is already ten years old, so the sound is not as good as before and to make matters worse, the pictures suddenly began to _yesterday.A. fade out B. turn outC. drop out D. give out 4. _, the northerners are keen on dumplings w

36、hile the southerners are fond of rice.A. Generally speaking B. General speakingC. Speaking general D. Speaking generally 5. When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were _food and water supplies.A. in want of B. in praise ofC. in honour of D. in place of 6. People have planted

37、a great many trees in order to _wind and sand in the desert.A. hold down B. hold upC. hold back D. hold out 7. Dont forget to phone me when you get to New York. Just let me know youve arrived safely.I wont forget. Goodbye then._.A. With pleasure B. Have a nice tripC. Dont mention it D. Its very nice

38、 of you 8. The twins are so much alike that their own mother can hardly_.A. tell them apart B. tell apart themC. say them apart D. say apart them 9. The baby is generally healthy, but every now and then he _a cold.A. has caught B. is catchingC. will catch D. does catch 10. What did he come here for?

39、He came here especially to _your acquaintance.A. take B. get C. make D. produce 11. The teacher went into the classroom, _the boy _outside.A. left；standing B. leaving；standingC. left；stand D. leaving；stand 12. The work is not very profitable _cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it.A. in

40、terms of B. in case ofC. in favor of D. in spite of 13. If_, some terrible diseases would spread in the strickenareas after the terrible earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province.So people there were in_ need of medical teams.A. dont controlled；short B. not controlling；littleC. not being controlled；a

41、nxious D. not controlled；desperate 14. We cannot_ with those whose principles are directly opposed to our own because theyll defeat us in the end.A. compromise B. concernC. worry D. object 15. It took him a long time to _the magazines he bought last year before he could put them in the correct shelv

42、es.A. classify B. divideC. order D. arrange二、翻译句子 16. 这些细节容易被忽略，所以你们要小心。（overlook）_ 17. 他们随意侮辱可怜的鲍勃大叔。（treat sb. like dirt）_ 18. 你在这个国家的身份是什么？是不是本国公民？（status）_ 19. 那男人因虐待妻子被判六年监禁。（condemn）_ 20. 她毫不犹豫地接受了他们提供的工作机会。（hesitation）_三、完形填空Coming home from school that dark winter day so long ago, I was fill

43、ed with excitement of having the weekend off. But I was_21_into stillness by what I saw. Mother was seated at the far end of the sofa, _22_, with the secondhand green typewriter on the table. She told me that she couldnt type fast and then she was out of work. My shock and embarrassment (尴尬) at find

44、ing mother in tears was a perfect proof of how_23_understood the pressures on her. Sitting beside her on the sofa, I began very _24_ to understand. “I guess we all have to_25_sometimes,” mother said quietly. I could_26_her pain and the tension (紧张) of_27_the strong feelings that were interrupted by

45、my arrival. Suddenly, something inside me _28_.I reached out and put my arms around her. She broke then. She put her face_29_my shoulder and sobbed(啜泣). I held her_30_and didnt try to talk. I knew I was doing what I should. What I could _31_it was enough. In that moment, feeling mothers_32_with feel

46、ings, I understood for the first time, her being so easy to_33_.She was still my mother, _34_she was something_35_, a person having the ability of bearing fear, _36_and failure. I could feel her pain as she must have felt mine on a thousand occasions when I sought_37_in her arms.A week later mother

47、took a job selling dry goods at half the salary the radio station_38_. “Its a job I can do, though,” she said simply. But the evening practice on the old green typewriter continued. I had a very_39_feeling now when I passed her door at night and heard her tapping_40_ across the paper. I knew there w

48、as something more going on in there than a woman learning to type. 21. A. tired B. ashamed C. lazy D. shocked 22. A. crying B. smiling C. thinking D. whispering 23. A. eagerly B. worriedly C. little D. much 24. A. quickly B. slowlyC. suddenly D. proudly 25. A. fail B. win C. fall sick D. give in 26.

49、 A. know of B. watch C. sense D. recognize 27. A. holding back B. putting awayC. sitting up D. stopping from 28. A. lit up B. came trueC. turned D. increased 29. A. to B. up C. through D. against 30. A. thoughtfully B. tightlyC. carefully D. politely 31. A. and that B. now thatC. but that D. so that

50、 32. A. hand B. face C. hair D. back 33. A. content B. breakC. fall D. understand 34. A. therefore B. howeverC. yet D. though 35. A. more B. muchC. little D. huge 36. A. wound B. defeatC. cut D. hurt 37. A. kindness B. memory C. comfort D. support 38. A. supplied B. offeredC. paid for D. contributed 39. A. different B. hardC. pleasant D. serious 40. A. off B. awayC. out D. through四、阅读理解“How lucky you are to be a doctor.” Anyone whos a doctor is right out of luck, I thought. Anyone_whos_studying_medicine_should_have_his_head_examined.You may think I want t