绿色交通、道路、建筑、城建与能源

1、Ecological land-use complementation for building resilience in urban ecosystemsImperial Racing Green is an undergraduate teaching project at Imperial College London. Undergraduate engineers have designed, built and raced hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicles in the Formula Zero and Formula Student race

2、 series. Imperial Racing Green has collaborated with its fuel cell partners to develop a 13 kW automotive polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC system. A team of undergraduate engineers were given a relatively modest budget and less than 8 months to design and assemble an operational high-po

3、wer PEMFC system. The fuel cell system was designed to provide the average power required by the teams 2011 Formula Student entry. This paper presents the teams experience of developing and testing an automotive fuel cell system for a race application and plans for its future development and integra

4、tion onto the vehicle.Designing, building, testing and racing a low-cost fuel cell range extender for a motorsport applicationImperial Racing Green is an undergraduate teaching project at Imperial College London. Undergraduate engineers have designed, built and raced hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicl

5、es in the Formula Zero and Formula Student race series. Imperial Racing Green has collaborated with its fuel cell partners to develop a 13 kW automotive polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC system. A team of undergraduate engineers were given a relatively modest budget and less than 8 month

6、s to design and assemble an operational high-power PEMFC system. The fuel cell system was designed to provide the average power required by the teams 2011 Formula Student entry. This paper presents the teams experience of developing and testing an automotive fuel cell system for a race application a

7、nd plans for its future development and integration onto the vehicle.Simulating price patterns for tradable green certificates to promote electricity generation from windGreen energies and the environmentGreen path from fo ssil-based to hydrogen economy: An overview of carbon-neutral technologiesGre

8、en roof vegetation for North American ecoregions: A literature reviewLife-cycle costbenefit analysis of extensive vegetated roof systemsEnergy use in the life cycle of conventional and low-energy buildings: A review articleDesign and performance of the solar-powered floor heating system in a green b

9、uildingArchitectural, construction and environmental matters of Bahrains International Formula 1 CircuitRenewable energy utilization evaluation method in green buildingsKings of the road go greenNoise and well-being in urban residential environments: The potential role of perceived availability to n

10、earby green areasBuilding Energy Analysis (BEA: A methodology to assess building energy labelling Developing a one-dimensional heat and mass transfer algorithm for describing the effect of green roofs on the built environment: Comparison with experimental resultsGreen strategy for gaining competitiv

11、e advantage in housing development: a China studyCommunity action for sustainable housing: Building a low-carbon futureReview on free cooling of buildings using phase change materialsActive pipe-embedded structures in buildings for utilizing low-grade energy sources: A reviewDynamic earth-contact bu

12、ilding: A sustainable low-energy technology167 articles found for: pub-date 2006 and tak(green and (transportation or road or architecture or construction or building AND LIMIT-TO(smi, 5691,5712,5713,5885,5766,6899,6022,33799,6163,5690,5710,6871,5269,6060,20204,5729,6102,B uilding and Environment,En

13、ergy and Buildings,Energy Policy,Landscape and Urban Planning,Renewable Energy,Journal of Molecular Biology,Journal of Cleaner Production,New Scientist,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,Biomass and Bioenergy,Energy,Journal of Environmental Management,Journal of Power Sources,Transportation Re

14、search Part D: Transport and E.,Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,International Journal of Solids and StructuresGreen electricity market development: Lessons from Europe and the USThis study compares the development and implementation of green electricity polic

15、ies in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States, a set of countries applying a range of policy instruments to encourage electricity from renewable energy sources. A general tendency is identified that policies shift emphasis from R&D stimulation towards dissemination and market applic

16、ation of renewable energy technologies. We argue that in light of the long term nature of policy goals on energy security, mitigation of climate change, and environmental protection, the applied range of policy instruments may be lacking in providing incentives for the long term development of new t

17、echnologies. Clarifying policy objectives would allow careful selection of policy instruments, including support for R&D. Improved capacity building for policy implementation is also important.Components of small urban parks that predict the possibility for restorationIn densifying cities, small gre

18、en spaces such as pocket parks are likely to become more important as settings for restoration. Well-designed small parks may serve restoration well, but earlier research on restorative environments does not provide detailed information about the specific components of the physical environment that

19、support restoration. In this study we assessed the extent to which hardscape, grass, lower ground vegetation, flowering plants, bushes, trees, water, and size predicted the judged possibility for restoration in small urban green spaces. We took individual parks as the units of analysis. The parks we

20、re sampled from Scandinavian cities, and each park was represented by a single photo. Each photo was quantified in terms of the different objective park components and also rated on psychological variables related to restoration. The ratings on the psychological variables being away, fascination, li

21、kelihood of restoration, and preference were provided by groups of people familiar with such parks. The variables most predictive of the likelihood of restoration were the percentage of ground surface covered by grass, the amount of trees and bushes visible from the given viewing point, and apparent

22、 park size. Formal mediation analyses indicated distinctive patterns of full and partial mediation of the relations between environmental components and restoration likelihood by being away and fascination. Our results provide guidance for the design of small yet restorative urban parks.The effect o

23、f financial constraints, technological progress and long-term contracts on tradable green certificates绿色发展、资源合理利用与新能源推广运用的立法、证书发布与经济杠杆的规范手段Tradable green certificates (TGCs have recently become a diffuse instrument to support renewable electricity in OECD countries. Although it is perhaps too early

24、to draw a conclusive judgement on the effectiveness of this instrument in increasing renewable capacity and decreasing the price of certificates, one view in the literature maintains that long-term contracts are of particular importance for TGCs to be effective. This paper contributes to this debate

25、 by analysing how financial constraints and technological progress can induce investors to hold pessimistic expectations of their ability to sell green certificates and still make a profit. Clearly, these expectations will prevent investors from building new capacity to fulfil the quota comprised in

26、 TGCs and will keep the price of certificates traded in the market high. As this kind of expectation is not influenced by most design features of TGCs, one can conclude that long-term contracts are particularly important in determining the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of these instruments. S

27、ome attention should therefore be paid to the features of the TGCs, which induce obliged parties to offerlong-term contracts to renewable generators.Selecting Safer Building Products In PracticeIn recent years the green building movement has focused increased attention on chemical hazards in buildin

28、g products and the need to select safer alternatives. This paper describes a number of tools available to architects and other building professionals and explores the product evaluation process behind one resource, BuildingGreens GreenSpec directory, as a window into the imperfect reality of alterna

29、tives assessment in the building design field.Residential application of internal combustion engine based cogeneration in cold climateCanadaThe objectives of this work are to model a group of test case houses using a high-resolution building simulation program, to evaluate the efficiency of internal

30、 combustion engine (ICE based cogeneration and to determine the economical (in terms of fuel cost impact of using ICE based cogeneration systems for residential use. The performance in terms of electrical and CHP efficiencies of the ICE based cogeneration systems in Canada were investigated and it w

31、as determined that the performance of the ICE based cogeneration system is dependent on the thermal and electrical loads of the house, on climate, especially the severity and duration of the heating season, and on the constructional characteristics of the house. Although the annual fuel cost of the

32、household would increase, the ICE based cogeneration systems can provide savings in various aspects regarding electricity production and distribution.北方特低温地区家居室内暖炉的建设与应用加拿大的方法The problem of windfarm location: A social multi-criteria evaluation framework Although wind energy has the green image, the

33、location of windfarms is always a source of local conflicts. Opposition may depend on the extensive land use of windfarms, their possible impacts on tourism or their visual impact, as well as NIMBY (Never In My Back-Yard behavior. On the other hand, some social actors are normally in favor of wind p

34、arks because they perceive them as a possibility of development or simply a source of income. In these situations, the management of the energy policy process involves many layers and kinds of decisions, and requires the construction of a dialogue process among many social actors, individual and col

35、lective, formal and informal, local and non-local. This implies that the political and social framework must find a place in evaluation exercises. This is the objective of social multi-criteria evaluation (SMCE. In this article, SMCE is proposed as a general framework for dealing with the problem of

36、 wind park location. The major strength of SMCE is the possibility of integrating both socio-economic and technical dimensions inside a coherent framework. A real-world case study is used as an illustrative example.风电场规划方法:社会综合多重标准评估执行方案的框架Green roofs could cool warming citiesCovering buildings in v

37、egetation could cut the need for energy-sapping air conditioning绿色屋顶植物/花园可以给不断升温的城市和住宅区空间降温房屋绿化与城市绿城评估:哪个是美国最“绿色”的城市?Which is the greenest US city of all?Judged by how many energy-efficient commercial buildings it has, the surprsing answer is Los AngelesHow green is your house?It is an easy way to c

38、ombat climate change, yet the US and China are failing to cut emissions of greenhouse gases from buildingsEnergy performances and life cycle assessment of an Italian wind farm意大利一个风电场的发电量与经济作用/生命周期评估Renewable energy sources are often presented as “clean”. A more correct definition is that they are “

39、cleaner” than ones based on fossil fuel conversion. When the energy consumption and the environmental impacts related to the plants life-cycle are considered, a more comprehensive assessment of these technologies can be carried out. This paper aims to evaluate the energy and the environmental perfor

40、mances of the electricity production of a wind farm. The impacts related to all the phases of the wind farm construction and operation have been compared to the environmental benefits due to the “green” electricity generation during its useful life. In other terms, the goal is to trace the ecoprofil

41、e of the production of 1 kWh of electricity.A life cycle assessment (LCA has been performed based on data related to an Italian wind farm: production and deliver of energy and raw materials, components manufacturing, transports, installation, maintenance, disassembly and disposal have been analysed.

42、 The attention focused to those life cycle steps generally neglected or not adequately investigated as installation, civil works and maintenance. The results can be assumed as representative of the Italian context and they can represent a further incentive to the diffusion of wind farms. In fact, th

43、e environmental performances of the wind farm have been compared to other power energy generation systems. The results showed a great environmental convenience of the inquired technology.Performance of antisolar insulated roof system Rooms with concrete slab roofs directly exposed to the sun become

44、unbearably hot during summer and very cold during winter. Huge amounts of energy are required to keep them comfortable. Application of thermal insulation on roofs significantly reduces energy required for heating and cooling. The effectiveness of roof insulations may be further enhanced if a layer of antisolar coating is applied on top of the insulation. The antisolar coating reflects most of the incident sunlight and prevents the roof from heating up. This reduces the daily cycles of thermal expansion and contraction which cause cracks in