有源电力滤波器英文文献和中文翻译

1、附录附录一：英文文献A 10KV Shunt Hybrid Active Filter for a Power DistributionSystemAbstractthis paper analyzes the compensation performance of a shunt hybrid active power filter. The hybrid active power filter, which combines passive filter and active power filter, has both respective merits, and is an impor

2、tant developing trend of filtering device. The hybrid active power filter can reduce the capacity of active power filter effectively and is more suitable for the engineering application for high voltage nonlinear loads. The compensation performance of hybrid active power filter is analyzed by estima

3、ting the effect of different active power filter gain and parameters change. Then, a conclusion has been obtained that the harmonic attenuation rate is insensitive to the variation of passive parameters when the active power filter with an enough feedback gain is combined. Finally, the feasibility a

4、nd validity of proposed scheme is verified by Simulation using Matlab and a hybrid shunt active power filter prototype. Index Terms:Current harmonics compensation, active power filter, passive filter, generalized integrators.I .INTRODUCTIONIn the development of power electronics brings convenience t

5、o energy conversion and utilization and also causes power quality problems. As one of the key technologies in combating power grid pollution and improving the power quality, active power filter (APF) has become a new research emphasis in power electronics technology1-5. Because of high initial cost,

6、 the further application of active power filter is restricted. The HAPF(Hybrid Active Power Filter), combination of APF and passive filter (PF), can reduce the capacity of Affectively and is more suitable for the engineering application of APF for high voltage nonlinear loads.Traditionally, Passive

7、filter has been used to eliminate the harmonic in power system due to his low cost and high efficiency. A passive filter shows the low impedance at tuned frequency to absorb current harmonic and has a good compensation performance. However, passive filter has the disadvantage of depending on the par

8、ameters of power system, susceptible to the load and power system resonant and the characteristic change due to aging. In addition, passive filter usually is designed with fixed parameters, which can not be lightly adapted for the variation operation condition.Active power filter has been developed

9、to overcome of disadvantages of passive filter and can provide flexible and reliable compensation, but is not a cost-effective solution duet the high operation cost.Because of the drawbacks of passive filter and active power filter, the research on hybrid active power filter has become more attracti

10、ve 6-9. Hybrid active power filter composed of passive filter connected in series to an active power filter improves the compensation performance of passive filter remarkably, give more flexibility and reliability to filter device, and redound to the use of active power filter in high-power system a

11、voiding the expensive initial cost.In this paper, the compensation performance of hybrid active power filter in an industrial power distribution system is analyzed by estimating the effect of different active power filter gain and parameters change. Finally, the compensation of hybrid active power f

12、ilter is verified by simulation and a laboratory prototype. The passive filter of prototype was tuned at the seventh harmonic and the generalized integrators are used to eliminate the 5th, 11th and 13th harmonic current10.II. PRINCIPLES OF CURRENT HARMONIC COMPENSATIONThe hybrid active power filter

13、topology is shown in Fig.1, which consists of a three-phase pulse width modulation(PWM) voltage-source inverter (active power filter, APF)and the passive filter connected in series to APF through coupling transformer. Generally, the active power filter acts as a controlled voltage source and force t

14、he harmonic current into the hybrid active power filter. The principle of operation of current harmonic is explained by the single-phase equivalent circuit shown in Fig.2 when the feedback control is applied to the active power filter. In the current harmonic compensation strategy, the active power

15、filter is considered as a controlled voltage source VAPF, and ZF is the impedance of passive filter, ILh is the load harmonic current, ZS is the system impedance.In order to eliminate harmonic of the system current, the active power filter is controlled as a current controlled voltage source. The ac

16、tive power filter imposes a voltage signal VAPF that forces load harmonic current flow into the passive filter, thus improving its compensation performance in despite of the variation in the tuned frequency of the passive filter. The voltage reference of active power filter is equal to VAPF = K I sh

17、 (1)Where, K is the harmonic compensation gain. Supposing utility voltage is pure sinusoidal, the ration between the utility harmonic current and the load harmonic current is obtained, which can be used to denote the filtering characteristics of hybrid active power filter.Otherwise, K acts as a resi

18、stance to damp resonance between ZS and ZF. The larger K is selected, the lower the harmonic contents in the utility current. But this will increase the required power rating of the active power filter. In real condition, K is finite. Otherwise, closed loop control system will become unstable. Fig.

19、1 hybrid active power filter configuration.Fig. 2 Single-phase equivalent circuit of the hybrid active power filter scheme.III. ANALYSIS OF THE HYBRID FILTERPERFORMANCE IN A DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMThis section will show the compensation performance of hybrid active power filter through an example. The p

20、ower distribution energizes the six medium frequency furnace, each of 300KW rate power. The medium frequency furnaces energized by six pulse uncontrolled rectifiers. The single phase diagram of the power distribution is shown in Fig.3only considering hybrid active power filter and medium frequency f

21、urnace.Fig. 3 Single-phase line diagram of the power distribution systemThe system harmonic content and harmonic criterion are shown in Table I and the 5th, 7th and 11th frequency harmonics exceed the criterion. So, the passive filters are tuned at the 5th, 7th and 11th frequency harmonic and the ra

22、te of reactive power compensation is 500kVar. The system inductance and the parameters of passive filters are shown in Table II.TABLE IPOWER SYSTEM AND PASSIVE FILTER PAREMETERS5th7th11thHarmonic content(A)622814Harmonic criterion(A)26.519.812.3TABLE IIPOWER SYSTEM AND PASSIVE FILTER PAREMETERSL(mh)

23、C(uf)R( m )KVARSystem2.45thharm.filter36.5711.089573487thharm.filter57.863.57212011211thharm.filter66.461.26382639.6In this case, the rate of active power filter is 25KVA since it would only compensate current harmonic and the coupling transformers turns ratio is equal to 2.Fig.4 (a) shows the harmo

24、nic attenuation rate of passive filter and hybrid active power filter. The hybrid active power filter is characterized by using three single resonant filter tuned at the 5th, 7th and 11th harmonic frequency as shown inFig.3. Therefore, the passive filter presents low impedance at the 5th, 7th and 11

25、th harmonic frequency and their neighborhood. When no active power filter is connected in series with the passive filter, the harmonic amplifying phenomenon appear in the frequency range of 200-240Hz,300-340Hz and 500-640Hz. When the active power filter with a feedback gain of 20 is combined, no har

26、monic amplifying phenomena occurs. Meanwhile, only adapting the passive filter, the filtering characteristic is unsatisfactory even at the 5th, 7th and 11th harmonic frequency. When the active power filter with a feedback gain of 20 is combined, the harmonic attenuation rate is increased and the fil

27、ter performance of the hybrid active power filter is satisfactory at the 5th, 7th and 11th harmonic frequency.Fig.4 (b) shows the harmonic content of power system indifferent condition. When no filter is connected in parallel with the utility, the 5th, 7th and 11th harmonic current exceed the criter

28、ion seriously. After only adapting the passive filter, the harmonic current of utility is weakened but unsatisfactory adequately. When the active power filter with a feedback gain of 20 is combined, most of 5th, 7th and 11th harmonic current is forced flowing into the hybrid active power filter.Fig.

29、5 shows how the active power filter gain K changes the harmonic attenuation rate of system current. Large value of K improves the hybrid active power filter compensation performance by increase the harmonic impedance of power system.In addition, Fig.5 shows that the low values of passive filter qual

30、ity factor Q will increases the impedance at the resonant frequency and weaken the compensation performance of hybrid active power filter. The passive filter quality factor Q decides the passive filter bandwidth. Though increasing the value of active power filter gain K can compensate the adverse ef

31、fect of low value of Q, which would results in the increase of active power filter output voltage required to keep the same compensation performance, thus increasing the active power filter rated power.Fig. 4 Hybrid active power filter frequency response and Harmonic Content.From Fig.5, a conclusion

32、 can be received that the quality factor of passive filter and the active power filter gain directly affect the compensation performance of hybrid active power filter when the tuned frequency is fixed. If the quality factor of passive filter is not properly selected, the active power filter gain K m

33、ust been increased to obtain the satisfying compensation performance.Fig. 5 Hybrid active power filter frequency response for different values of passive filter quality factor Q.Fig.6 shows the hybrid active filter frequency response for different values of the system equivalent impedance. Generally

34、, the system equivalent impedance must be lower to the passive filter equivalent impedance at the resonant frequency; otherwise, the passive can not obtain the favorable compensation performance and most load harmonic current will flow to the power system. When no active power filter is connected in

35、 series with the passive filter, if utility impedance is lower than the passive filter impedance at the tuned frequency, the harmonic attenuation rate is decreased and the filter performance of passive filter is unsatisfactory, as shown in Fig.6 (a). When the active power filter with an enough feedb

36、ack gain is combined, the harmonic attenuation rate is insensitive to the variation of utility impedance, as shown in Fig.6 (b).Fig.6 also depicts that the active power filter gain K in bulky utility (small values of Zs) must bigger than that in weak utility (big value of Zs) to obtain the same comp

37、ensation performance.Fig. 6 Hybrid active power filter frequency response for different values of the system equivalent impedance.The simulation results are shown in Fig.7-10. Fig.7 shows the phase-a load current and it can be seen that the load current is greatly distorted. Fig.8 presents the phase

38、-a supply current when hybrid active power filter is working. Now it can be seen that the hybrid active power filter has improved the quality of supply current markedly and the dominating harmonic current has been eliminated effectively. Fig.9 shows the phase-a hybrid filter current. It consists of

39、5th, 7thand 11th harmonic current mostly.The dynamic compensation performance is studied by load perturbation response and shown in Fig.10. The change in the source current is observed smooth and steady state is reached within 2 cycles.Fig.7. Simulated current waveforms for hybrid filter compensatio

40、n. Top: simulate load current; bottom: its frequency spectrumFig.8. Simulated current waveforms for hybrid filter compensation. Top: simulate system line current; bottom: its frequency spectrum.Fig.9. Simulated current waveforms for hybrid filter compensation. Top: simulate hybrid filter current; bo

41、ttom: its frequency spectrum.Fig.10. Dynamic simulated current waveforms for hybrid filter compensation. Top: simulate system line current; middle: simulate load current; bottom: simulate hybrid filter current.IV. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSA three-phase hybrid shunt active power filter laboratory prototyp

42、e using IGBT was implemented and tested in the compensation of a six-pulse uncontrolled rectifier, as shown in Fig.11. The VSI dc-link voltage is composed of a capacitor bank of 6800F for a dc-link voltage 450V. The Eupec 1200V/200A IGBT are used and driven by theM57962L gate drivers. The digital co

43、ntrol system incorporates a double DSP (TMS320C32 and TMS320F240) and CPLD circuit. The sampling period is 200 s . Phase detection and control algorithm are completed byTMS320C32, and sampling and SVPWM program are implemented by TMS320F240. The inverter was operated at5-kHz switching frequency and

44、was connected in series to a passive filter directly. The passive filter was tuned at the seventh harmonic (350Hz) and quality factor Q equal to 60.The parameters of the experiment circuit are shown in Table III.Fig.11 PI current controller using generalized integratorsTABLE IIITHE PARAMETERS OF THE

45、 EXPERIMENT CIRCUITUtility impedance0.5mHUtility phase-phase voltage380VDc-voltage200VC750uFL74mHSince such a single seventh harmonic tuned LC filter issued, a no negligible amount of the 5th, 11th and 13thharmonic current still remains in the supply. Thus, the generalized integrators are used to el

46、iminate the 5th, 11th and13th harmonic current.The proposed controller based on generalized integrators in stationary frame is depicted in Fig.12, Where, *VAPF is Violate reference， *is is grid current reference.Fig.12 PI current controller using generalized integratorsWhere, Ki is the integral coef

47、ficient. The following discrete formula is use to realize the digital generalized integrators.For reducing the computation time, the generalized integrators are implemented by iterative arithmetic.When generalized integrators are used, the harmonic attenuation rate is shown in Fig.13. Fig.13 illustr

48、ates that the5th, 11th, 13th, 17th and 19th harmonic current are eliminated effectively by reason of generalized integrators.Steady-state experimental results are shown in Figs.14-16.Fig.14 (a) shows the experimental waveform of load current; the associate frequency spectrum is shown in Fig.14 (b).I

49、n this case, the load current consists of a mass of harmonic current. As shown in Fig.15, when only proportion controller is used, the elimination of harmonics besides tuned frequency is very limited by hybrid active power filter.With hybrid active power filter compensation using PI controller based

50、 on generalized integrators, the 5th, 7th, 11th,13th, 17thand 19th harmonics had been eliminated effectively as shown in Fig.16. When the shunt APF is plunged, the DC linkvoltage can arrive at reference value rapidly, as shown in Fig 7.Fig.14. Experimental load current waveforms. (a) Load current. (

51、b) Load current frequency spectrum.Fig.16. Experimental system current waveforms with hybrid filter compensation. (a) System current. (b) System current frequency spectrum.Fig.17. Experimental system current waveforms with hybrid filter compensation.V. CONCLUSIONThe compensation performance of a shu

52、nt hybrid active power filter is proposed and analyzed. The hybrid active power filter, which combines passive filter and active power filter, has both respective merits, and is an important developing trend of filtering device. The hybrid active power filter can reduce the capacity of active power

53、filter effectively and is more suitable for the engineering application for high voltage nonlinear loads. The compensation performance of hybrid active power filter is analyzed for different active power filter gain and parameters change. Above all, an conclusion can be obtained that the harmonic at

54、tenuation rate is insensitive to the variation of passive parameters when the active power filter with an enough feedback gain is combined. The feasibility and validity of proposed scheme is verified by Simulation using Matlab and a hybrid shunt active power filter prototype.附录二：中文翻译与10kV配电系统并联的混合型有

55、源电力滤波器摘要 本文分析了并联混合型有源电力滤波器的补偿性能。混合型有源电力滤波器是结合了无源滤波和有源滤波双方各自的优点，是谐波抑制装置的一个重要发展趋势。混合型有源电力滤波器可以有效的降低有源电力滤波器的容量，更适合高电压非线性负载的工程应用。混合型有源电力滤波器的补偿性能是通过估算不同的有源电力滤波器在不同参数的情况下的分析获得的。得到的结论是，被动参数变化时，有源电力滤波器有足够的反馈增益，谐波衰减率是不敏感的。最后，拟议计划的可行性和有效性进行了验证，仿真使用矩阵实验室和混合并联有源电力滤波器原型。关键词:谐波电流补偿，有源电力滤波器，无源滤波器，广义的集成1 引言 在过去几年里，

56、电力电子技术的发展给能源转换和利用带来了方便，也带来了电能质量的问题。作为重点之一的技术，打击电网污染改善电能质量，有源电力滤波器在电力电子技术上成分了新的研究重点1-5。由于初始成本高，有源电力滤波器的进一步应用受到了限制，混合型有源电力滤波器结合了有源滤波和无源滤波，可以有效地减少有源电力滤波器的容量，更适合高压非线性负载的工程的应用。传统的无源滤波以其低成本和高效率，已经被用来消除谐波在电力系统中。无源滤波器，可以在低阻抗调谐吸收频率的谐波电流，并具有很好的补偿性能。然而，无源滤波器依靠电源参数的特点，系统易受负载和电力系统运行方式的影响还可能产生谐振。此外，无源滤波器只能是固定的参数设

57、计不能随机应变的操作以适应条件的改变。 有源电力滤波器已经克服无源滤波器的缺点，并且可以提供灵活和可靠的补偿，但不符合成本效益的解决方案导致了高运营成本。由于无源滤波器和有源滤波器的缺点，混合型滤波器的研究变得十分活跃6-9。混合型滤波器由无源和有源滤波器组成，提高了补偿性能，与无源滤波器相比较增加了灵活性和可靠性，与有源电力滤波器相比较在高功率系统中避免了昂贵的初始投资成本。在本文中，混合补偿性能，在工业配电系统中分析估量不同有源电力滤波器得到参数的变化。最后仿真混合型有源电力滤波器的补偿性能，验证实验室机样。无源滤波器用于消除第七次谐波，广义的集成用于消除第5,11,13次谐波的电流10。2 谐波电流补偿的原理 混合型有源电力滤波器拓扑结构如图1所示，其中包括一个三相脉宽调制（pwm）电压源型逆变器，（有源电力滤波器简称APF）无源滤波器和有源滤波器通过一个耦合变压器串联。一般来说有源电力滤波器的作用作为控制电压源来抵消谐波电流在混合型有源电力滤波器当中。操作原理由单项谐波电流解释如图2当反馈控制应用于有源电力滤波器时。谐波电流的补偿策略，混合型有源电力滤波器被认为是一个受控电压源VAPF，ZF是阻抗无源滤波器，ILH是负载的谐波电流，ZS是系统阻抗。 为了消除系统的谐波