飞机结构类常用英汉词汇

1、飞机结构类常用英汉词汇飞机结构 aircraft structure 单翼机monoplane 多翼机 multiplane舰载飞机 shipplane雪上飞机 ski-plane水上飞机 aerohydroplane；seaplane；hydroplane；hydro-airplane低翼low wing 高翼high wing三角形机翼delta wing前掠的 forwardswept后掠的 backswept后掠角 sweepback；backward sweep；positive sweep大迎角high incidence 机头 nose 机头下沉 nose heavy机头罩 no

2、se fairing机身 fuselage前机身 fwd fuselage中前机身 mid-fwd fuselage中后机身 mid-aft fuselage后机身 aft fuselage全机身 whole fuselage 机翼 wing翼展 span；wingspread翼展方向spanwise半翼展 semispan襟翼 flap前缘襟翼 leading-edge flap副翼 aileron后缘 T.E. (trailing-edge) 后缘襟翼 trailing-edge flap前缘 L.E.(leading-edge)缝翼 slat前缘缝翼 leading-edge slat襟

3、副翼 flaperon翼尖 wingtip翼梢小翼winglet 翼刀wing fence翼面plane翼片panel安定面 stabilizer水平安定面 horizontal stabilizer；tailplane平尾 horizontal tail（wing）垂直安定面 vertical stabilizer升降舵 elevator垂尾 vertical tail (wing)尾翼 empennage, tail 方向舵 yaw rudder；rudder全动式水平尾翼 all-moving horizontal tail机尾罩 empennage cover 起落架 landing

4、gear主起落架 main landing gear(MLG)前起落架 nose landing gear (NLG)起落架舱门 landing gear door起落架轮舱 landing gear wheel well动力装置 power plant 涡轮turbine涡轮螺浆喷气发动机 propjet涡轮冲压式喷气发动机 turboramjet涡轮喷气发动机 turbojet涡轮发电机 turbo-generator涡扇发动机 turbofan engine座椅固定卡臂 seat fixing clamp arm座椅操纵开关 seat control switch座椅导向滑轮seat g

5、uide-pulley 座椅滑轨seat track短舱 nacelle 货舱 cargo compartment座舱盖 cockpit cover风挡windshield；windscreen气密舱 pressurized cabin应急舱门 emergency door整流罩 fairing翼箱 wing box壁板 panel导流片 Jetevator扰流片 spoiler增升装置 lift augmentation device操纵面 control surface作动筒 ram；actuating cylinder作动筒支臂 jack lever防冰系统 de-icing syste

6、m/Antiicing system补偿片 tab 调整片 trimmer辐条spoke浮筒 float；pontoon整体油箱 integral fuel tank 地板floor panel斜梁 diagonal spar 龙骨梁 keel beam地板梁 floor beam吊挂 pylon吊挂前梁 pylon front spar吊挂后梁 pylon rear spar吊挂前缘整流罩 pylon leading-edge fairing吊挂后缘整流罩 pylon trailing-edge fairing封闭肋 closing rib辅助梁 auxiliary spar暗箱 dark

7、slide；dark chamber半硬壳式结构 semi-monocoque structure静定结构 statically determinant structure静不定结构(非静定结构) non-statically determinant structure梁 spar, beam, longeron 腹板 web支架 bracket 柱 column隔框 bulkhead, frame 框 frame铰链 hinge 缘条（凸缘）flange, cap盖板 cover plate 蒙皮 skin化铣蒙皮 chemical-milled skin 耳片 lug长桁 stringer

8、 桁 boom；girder桁板 flitch 桁架 truss；boom维护口盖 access panel；access door加强板 doubler 加强肋 intercostal；stiffener 接头 fitting板（厚） plate 薄板 sheet 条带 strap 法兰边 flange 加劲件 stiffener 环 ring箍 buckle；collar；ferrule箍带；箍圈 clamp；clamping ring卡箍 keeper；dog；collar；clamp；clip卡盘 cartridge；chuck 卡抓clamping pawl挡块dog；stop bl

9、ock挡油板 scraper plate挡油套oil sealing sleeve 挡油圈oil baffle、安全阀 relief valve；safety valve减轻孔 lightening hole 工具孔 tooling hole销钉孔 pin hole 盲孔blind hole安装面fitting surface 安装角setting angle奥氏体austenite毛坯 blank 铸件 casting锻件 forging 锻工 blacksmith；smith棒材 bar管材 tubing 钣弯件 former钣金件 sheet metal 箔材 foil线材 wire型材

10、 section, shape, profile角材 angle 帽型材 hat (section)T型材 T-section 工字梁 I beam盘型件 pan 机加件 machined part槽型件 channel挤压型材 extruded section剪切角材 shear angle剪切角片 shear clip拉伸角材 tension angle机加操作 machining operation 精加工 finish；finishing；smoothing；burnish；refinement粗加工 roughing；rough finishing精密加工的 precision-ma

11、chined车工工艺 turnery车刀 turning tool；lathe tool；gad精车刀 finishing tool 粗车刀 roughing tool；roughing turning tool粗车 rapid rough turning；rough turning车床 lathe；turning lathe；turning machine；turning mill车工 lathe hand；turner车端面 face turning 车螺纹thread cutting；threading车平面 facing；face 车丝刀thread tool车外圆 surfacetu

12、rning 车削turning车削面 turning surface 车锥度taper turning钳 clip；tongs；holdfast；clamp；clipper钳工 bench hand；bench work钳工车间 locksmiths department铣 mill 铣工miller hand；miller铣床 milling machine；mill；miller龙门铣床 gantry milling machine；planer type milling machine立式铣床 vertical milling machine立式钻床 upright drilling m

13、achine铣键槽 keyseat 铣平面face miling铣切深度 milling depth 刨 shave；plane 刨床 planer牛头刨 shaper 立式牛头刨 vertical shaper龙头刨 double housing planer龙门剪床 square shears刨式铣床 planer type miller 刨刀 planer tool刨削 plane；planing；gouging磨；磨削 grinding 磨工车间grindery磨床 grinder；grinding machine磨工 grinder 磨工夹具 grinding attachment磨

14、光 abrade；tumbling；grind；grinding；polish；shine镗（孔） bore；boring 镗床 borer；boring machine精镗 precision boring镗刀 boring cutter铰孔 ream;reaming铰刀 reamer滚刀 hob；hobbing滚齿机 hobbing machine滚花 knurling滚丝机 thread rolling machine滚轮 roller；rolling wheel滚筒 drum；pulley；reel；roll；roller滚铣 hob滚铣法（齿轮的）generating滚压rollin

15、g pressing滚圆 rolling circle滚轧 roll 退刀纹 ran-out锻forge；hammering 精锻件 precision forging 自由锻件 hand forging模锻件 molded forging坯锻 billet铆接 riveting 焊接 welding胶接 adhesive bonding螺接 bolting 拼接 splice, splicing对接 butt splice搭接 overlap splice锪平 spotfacing埋头窝countersink钻孔 drilling铰孔 reaming填角 fillet 倒角 chamfer镗

16、孔 boring扩孔 counter boring补钻孔 counter drilling 螺栓头 bolt head铆钉头 rivet head 镦头 upset head螺纹 thread 外螺纹 external thread公制 metric system 公制螺纹 metric thread公制锥度；公制退拔 metric taper最小壁厚minimum wall thickness加强槽 beads内圆角半径fillet radii弯曲半径 bending radii 弯曲线bending line 弯曲角 bending angle下陷 joggle 滚制波纹 beading成

17、形 forming锉/锉刀 file大螺帽扳手dwang 方头扳手 square spanner活动扳手 adjustable spanner 活口扳手 shifting spanner开口扳手 open end spanner 开锁扳手 unlocking spanner套筒扳手 box spanner；socket spanner刮刀 adz；knife；scraper；scraping cutter；slicker刮孔口刀 spot faceplate 厚薄规feeler弧形尺 circular scale虎钳 jaw；pliers；vice（vise）尖头钳 pointed plier

18、s 卡钳 calipers开口钳 open mouth tongs 卡规 templet卡尺 calipers；sliding caliper；caliper rule划窝钻 counter sink drill 环孔钻 annular auger定心钻spotter麻花钻头twist drill 拉伸 tension 拉伸应力 tensile stress压缩 compression 压缩应力 compression stress剪切 shear 剪切应力 shear stress弯曲 bending 弯矩 bending moment扭转 torsion 扭矩 torque纵向的 long

19、itudinal 横向的 transverse, lateral铆钉 rivet 抽芯铆钉cherry rivet无头铆钉 slug实心铆钉solid rivet销 pin 开口销cotter pin关节销 clevis pin 关节销钉 knee pin安装销 sheer pin；installation pin，locating pin方销square cotter 搭接线jumper搭铁线Ground connection环槽钉 lock bolt螺栓 bolt 锥形螺栓 taper-lok, tapered bolt高锁螺栓 Hi-Lock钉套 collar拉紧螺栓fastening

20、bolt带孔螺栓eye bolt垫圈 washer衬套 bushing环形垫圈cupwasher垫片 filler, spacer薄垫片 shim 盖筒 cup螺钉screw定位螺钉fixing screw封口螺钉cap screw定位销钉tommy；dowel 螺桩 stud道钉spike螺帽；螺母nut盖螺帽cap nut托板螺母nut plate带条螺母nut channel桶形螺母barrel nut环形螺帽ring nut 后挡螺盖end plate 后挡螺盖锁扣 end plate latch后挡螺盖止动器end plate stop后挡螺盖止动缺口 brake notch of

21、end plate后顶针座tailstock后盖rear end cover齿轮gear后齿轮rear gear；backgear轴承bearing 滚动轴承rolling bearing滚珠轴承ball bearing滚针needle 滚针轴承 needle bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing径向止推滚珠轴承 radial thrust-ball bearing空气轴承compressed-air bearing 滚珠槽ball slot 滚柱roller滚柱轴承roller bearing 键dowel；jaw 花键spline滑键 feather簧杆spring bar

22、簧片 anchor 螺纹抽钉rivnut, blind nut带套环的螺纹抽钉 flushlok bolt盲紧固件blind fastener 金属metal金属的 metallic非金属nonmetal非金属的 nonmetallic合金alloy 高温合金superalloy镁合金 magnesium alloy铝合金aluminum alloy钛合金titanium alloy合金钢alloy steel碳钢carbon steel 结构钢structural steel不锈钢stainless steel沉淀硬化不锈钢precipitation-hardening stainless

23、steel超高强度钢super-high-strength steel耐腐蚀钢corrosion resistant steel 复合材料composite (material)先进复合材料advanced composite蜂窝honeycomb蜂窝夹芯honeycomb andwich蜂窝夹芯结构honeycomb sandwich structure包铝层Al clad 包铝薄板 Al clad sheet热处理 heat treatment 退火 anneal退火处理 annealing淬火 quench/harden；temper淬火处理 quenching分级淬火step quen

24、ch；stepped quenching淬冷 quenched 正火normalizing 回火 temper回火处理 tempering 奥氏回火 Austempering时效 aging 人工时效 artificial aging自然时效 natural aging渗氮 azotize；nitriding 脱氮 denitrogenation渗碳 carburete；carburetion；cementation；carburizing；carburization过烧 over-burning氢脆 hydrogen attack；hydrogen embrittlementt表面光饰 su

25、rface finish抛光 polish表面光洁度 finish表面粗糙度 surface roughness表面处理 surface treatment涂层 coating喷丸 shot peen；shot blas镀铬 chromium plate化学铣切 chemical milling阳极氧化 anodize铬酸阳极氧化 chromic acid anodize硬质阳极氧化 hard anodize 硫酸阳极氧化 sulfuric acid anodize 阳极氧化处理 anodize treatment, anodizing化学工艺和表面处理 chemical processes

26、& finishes检测 inspection无损探伤 non-destructive inspectionX射线检验 inspection by x-ray；radioscopy超声波探伤 ultrasonic inspection磁力探伤 magnetic inspection着色检查 penetrant inspection公差 tolerance 偏差 deviation线性公差 linear tolerance 角度公差 angular tolerance配合公差 tolerance to fit配合 fit干涉配合 interference fit间隙配合 clearanc

27、e fit松配合 loose fit 紧配合 tight fit径向跳动量（整流子） radial beats 基准线 datum line, reference line机身基准平面 fuselage reference plane机身对称中心线 fuselage symmetrical center line站线 station line 站位 station竖线 buttock line 水线 water line斜角 bevel硬度 hardness 韧性 toughness断裂韧性 fracture toughness 磨损 abrasion疲劳 fatigue挤压强度 bearin

28、g strength抗剪强度 shearing strength；resistance to shearing抗拉强度 resistance to tension；tensile strength抗压强度 compressive strength；resistance to compression抗弯强度 resistance to bending抗疲劳强度 fatigue resistance声疲劳 acoustic fatigue标准工艺装备 master tools 工装协调 tool coordination模线 lofting 样板 template型架 jig 协调coordina

29、tion互换性Interchangeability；duplicity靠模 template；explorator；profile二维图样 2D drawing三维数模 3D mathematical model数学模型 mathematical model数字化样机 digital mockup（DMU）数字化预装配 digital pre-assembly(DPA)风洞channel风洞【空】 tunnel风洞试验wind tunnel test；blasting风洞试验室tunnel laboratory升力系数lift coefficient失速stall；stalling动平衡dyn

30、amic equilibrium包络线envelope试飞 test flight；test hop安全系数factor of safety海拔高度sea level elevation额定升限rated ceiling理论升限absolute ceiling；theoretical ceiling实际升限operating ceiling；service ceiling额定工作状态rated operation额定状态rated state加力状态after burning rating抖振buffet；buffeting飞行特技aerobatics；aerobation还原动作homing

31、 action巡航速度cruising speed分速度component of velocity分频器 frequency divider干扰箔条chaff表面放电surface discharge电致伸缩（反压电效应）Electrostriction压电效应 piezoelectricity光电效应photoeffect 工时Manhour斜梁 diagonal spar 龙骨梁 keel beam地板梁 floor beam 座椅滑轨 seat track吊挂前梁 pylon front spar 吊挂后梁 pylon rear spar封闭肋 closing rib 辅助梁 auxil

32、iary spar吊挂前缘整流罩 pylon leading-edge fairing吊挂后缘整流罩 pylon trailing-edge fairing半硬壳式结构 semi-monocoque structure静定结构 statically determinant structure静不定结构(非静定结构) non-statically determinant structure梁 spar, beam, longeron 腹板 web框 frame 支架 bracket铰链 hinge 缘条（凸缘） flange, cap盖板 cover 蒙皮 skin化铣蒙皮 chemical-m

33、illed skin 耳片 lug长桁 stringer 维护口盖 access panel, access door加强板 doubler 加强肋 intercostals隔框 bulkhead, frame 型架 jig（厚）板 plate 薄板 sheet 条带 strap 法兰边 flange接头 fitting 柱 column加劲件 stiffener 环 ring减轻孔 lightening hole 工具孔 tooling hole销钉孔 pin hole 盲孔 blind hole毛坯 blank 铸件 casting锻件 forging 棒材 bar管材 tubing 钣弯

34、件 former钣金件 sheet metal 箔材 foil线材 wire 型材 section, shape, profile角材 angle 帽型材 hat (section)T型材 T-section 工字梁 I beam盘型件 pan 机加件 machined part槽型件 channel 挤压型材 extruded section剪切角材 shear angle 剪切角片 shear clip拉伸角材 tension angle机加操作 machining operation 铆接 riveting焊接 welding 胶接 adhesive bonding螺接 bolting

35、拼接 splice, splicing对接 butt splice 搭接 overlap splice拉伸 tension 拉伸应力 tensile stress压缩 compression 压缩应力 compression stress剪切 shear 剪切应力 shear stress弯曲 bending 弯矩 bending moment扭转 torsion 扭矩 torque纵向的 longitudinal 横向的 transverse, lateral螺栓 bolt 锥形螺栓 taper-lok, tapered bolt高锁螺栓 Hi-Lok 螺桩 stud螺钉 screw 钉套

36、collar轴承 bearing 衬套 bushing垫圈 washer 垫片 filler, spacer薄垫片 shim 螺纹抽钉 rivnut, blind nut销 pin 开口销 cotter pin铆钉 rivet 抽芯铆钉 cherry rivet无头铆钉 slug 实心铆钉 solid rivet环槽钉 lock bolt 托板螺母 nut plate盲紧固件 blind fastener 带套环的螺纹抽钉 flushlok bolt 复合材料 composite (material)先进复合材料 advanced composite蜂窝 honeycomb 蜂窝夹芯 hone

37、ycomb sandwich蜂窝夹芯结构 honeycomb sandwich structure包铝层 alclad 包铝薄板 alclad sheet合金 alloy 合金钢 alloy steel碳钢 carbon steel 结构钢 structural steel超高强度钢 super-high-strength steel耐腐蚀钢 corrosion resistant steel 不锈钢 stainless steel沉淀硬化不锈钢 precipitation-hardening stainless steel高温合金 superalloys 镁合金 magnesium alloy铝合金 aluminum alloy 钛合金 titanium alloy金属 metal 金属的 metallic非金属 nonmetal 非金属的 nonmetallic热处理 heat treatment 表面处理 surface treatment表面光饰 surface finish 镀铬 chromium plate退火 anneal 退火处理 annealing淬火 quench 淬火处理 quenching回火 temper 回火处理 tempering阳极氧化 anodize铬酸阳极氧化 chromic acid anodize硬质阳极氧化 hard a