高中英语必修四 Unit11 The Media-语法篇（学生版）

1、.Unit 11 The Media 语法篇 _1、被动语态。2、动名词。一， 被动语态1. 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语部分需用被动语态形式，即“系动词be+过去分词。例：English is spoken all over the world today.2. 被动语态常用于需要强调动作的承受者；不知道谁是动作的执行者，没有必要说出动作的执行者以及科技文章中。例：The bridge was made of stones.3. 各种时态的被动语态时态 被动语态一般如今时am/is/are + 过去分词一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词一般将来时 will be + 过去分词过

2、去将来时 would be + 过去分词如今进展时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词过去进展时 was/were + being + 过去分词如今完成时 have/has + 过去分词过去完成时 had been + 过去分词例：I f they are caught, they will die.We shall be punished if we break the rule.A computer center is being built for the students.All the broken windows have been repaired.4. 被动语态的

3、特殊构造含有情态动词的被动语态。其构造为：can/may/must/need/should/ + be + 过去分词例：The children should be taken good care of.带有双宾语动词的被动语态，一般是把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，另一宾语仍然保存在谓语后面。例：He was given a person by his mother for his brother.带复合宾语宾语+宾语补足语动词的被动语态构成，一般是将宾语变为被动语态中的主语。例：The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.感官动词see, watch, no

4、tice, hear, feel, observe等和使役动词have, make, let等后面接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但其被动语态不定式要带to。例：A stranger was seen to walk into that building.一些相当于及物动词的短语动词，如“动词+介词，“动词+副词等，在被动语态中，介词和动词不可以省略。The meeting was put off till Friday.二， 动名词动名词由动词+ing构成，否认形式为not doing, 具有动词的特点，可以带有宾语和补语，同时具有名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可以充当主语，宾语，表语和定语

5、。1. 作主语例：Seeing is believing.2. 作表语例：My job is teaching.3. 作宾语admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practice, put off, resist, risk, suggest, cant help, cant stand等动词或词组后可以用动名

6、词作宾语，但不能用不定式。例：What environment do you enjoy working in?Can you imagine doing such work?forget, remember, mean, regret, go on, stop, try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事remember doing sth. 记得做过某事remember to do sth. 记得去做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事mean to do sth.

7、 打算做某事regret doing sth. 懊悔做了某事regret to do sth. 遗憾做了某事go on doing sth. 继续做某事go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事try doing sth. 试着做某事try to do sth. 尽量做某事allow/advise/forbid/permit + doing sth. 允许/建议/制止/准许做某事；allow/advise/forbid/permit sb. To do sth. 允许/建议/制止/准许某人做某事。例：They dont allow smoking here.They dont allow

8、 me to smoke here.need, require, want作“需要解，其后用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义；be worth doing主动形式表示被动意义。例：The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered.短语devote to, look forward to, stick to, be used to, be busy in, have difficulty/trouble/problemin, have a good/wonderful/hard time in, theres no use/good/

9、need, feel like, get down to等需用动名词形式作宾语。例：We look forward to hearing from you soon.love, hate, prefer, like等动词后用动名词作宾语时指一般情况；跟不定式作宾语时指某一详细行为。例：I like swimming, but I prefer diving.4. 作定语，说明被修饰名词的特征，功能或作用。如今分词作定语那么与被修饰的名词是主谓关系。例：There is a large reading room in the library.例1. If nothing _, the ocean

10、s will turn into fish deserts.A. doesB. had been doneC. will doD. is done例 2. We are confident that the environment _ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.A. had been improvedB. will be improvedC. is improvedD. was improved例3. _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emerg

11、encies.A. Known B. Having knownC. knowingD. Being known例4. The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completedB. to be completedC. completedD. having been completed例5. 2019北京房山高三二模The discussion _ now and it will not be long before the final result is announced.A. is ho

12、lding B. will be heldC. is being heldD. has held根底演练一，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. Is honest the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little.teach2. The letters for the boss _ on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later.put3. Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life.repay4. T

13、hey are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _.rebuild5. Have you heard about that fire in the market?Yes, fortunately no one _.hurt6. In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the duce7. _how others react to the book you have just read creates an added

14、 pleasure.hear8. _ a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.kick9. _ by beautiful green mountains and situated at the foot of Huangshan Mountain makes Taiping Lake a famous tourism attraction. surround10. Once learns a language by making mistakes and _ them.correct稳固进步一，单项选择。1. The a

15、irport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completedB. to be completedC. completedD. having been completed2. He told us whether _ a picnic was still under discussion.A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. had3. Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your busi

16、ness plan.A. set outB. set aboutC. set offD. set up4. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _ in the South China Sea.A. attackingB. having attackedC. being attackedD. having been attacked5. We have no objection _ the new project a

17、gain.I cant agree more.A. to discussB. to discussingC. to having discussedD. to have discussed一，单项选择。1. My father has much _ in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.A. reliefB. beliefC. kerchiefD. chief2. 2019北京东城高三第一学期期末考试She seated herself at a small table in the restaurant, waiting _.A. servin

18、gB. to serveC. servedD. to be served3. 2019北京朝阳高三第一学期期末考试Ah, Anita. Is the design for the conference center today?I _ on it for over a month, but I havent finished it yet.A. workedB. had workedC. have been workingD. was working4. 2019北京101中学高三测试Due to the light pollution, stars are too faint _ with

19、naked eyes in the urban area.A. observingB. being observed C. to be observedD. to be observing 5. 2019北京东城高三一模Charles entered New York University in 2020 and one year later _ to University of London as an exchange student.A. sentB. had sentC. was sentD. had been sent6. Each of us is _ to develop a p

20、ersonal for certain types of entertainment.A. possibleB. probableC. likelyD. potential7. Stand at the top of the mountain, and then youll get a better _ of the town.A. sightB. viewC. sceneD. scenery8. _ sales of cars up by 30 last year, the traffic in Beijing has become increasingly terrible.A. AsB.

21、 SinceC. ForD. With9. Was it _ the international conference that made the city the focus of this area.A. to holdB. holdC. heldD. holding10. Excuse me, where is the nearest bank?Go straight ahead; you _ miss it, which is a huge building.A. mustntB. cantC. needntD. shouldnt 11. Its a custom in China t

22、o have some tea or other drinks before the meal _.A. servesB. servedC. is servedD. to be served12. Mo Yan became the first Chinese Nobel Prize winner in Literature, _ left school to make a living at the age of 12.A. AsB. whichC. thatD. who13. Shall we have our house decorated?_ I think its fine as i

23、t is.A. Why not?B. Sounds great.C. Not exactly.D. Better not.14. people have mixed views on the policy published recently, because not everybody is _ it in the survey.A. in honor ofB. in favor ofC. in search ofD. in need of15. Rose didnt _ the discussion, for she wasnt has trouble _ the right things

24、 to say.A. take partB. joinC. participate inC. attend in_一， 完型填空。Gary and Charlie lived in the same town. They 1 in the same class. Gray was tall and strong and ran faster. He was one of the 2 in their school. But his friend Charlie was thin and spent 3 time on sports. Gray was 4 in his lessons beca

25、use he wasnt so 5 as Charlie. And Charlie often helped him with his lessons.The war 6 as soon as the two young men finished middle school. They both 7 the army and soon they were sent to the front 前线.Now Gray often 8 Charlie . And the young man thanked his friend very much.The officer wanted to get

26、the Germans 9 . He sent some soldiers to go to the enemys rear area 敌后. But they were captured 俘虏. He had to 10 the second group, then the third. But they were all missing. 11 of the soldiers would do it. At last the officer 12 any soldier 13 could capture a German would be rewarded 奖赏 200 dollars.

27、Gray always 14 to get rich and asked to do it with Charlie. They walked 15 the forest, crossed the rivers and reached the village where the Germans stayed. They found there were the enemy soldiers everywhere. They had to stay in a broken house until 16 fell. But they were so tired that 17 they were

28、both 18 . At midnight Gray heard some noise. He 19 at once and found there scares of Germans around the house. He woke Charlie up at once and said 20 , “Well soon get rich !1. A. workedB. studiedC. livedD. played2. A. fightersB. policemenC. athletesD. actors3. A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few4. A. wellB. goodC. weakD. bad5. A. ableB. politeC. friendlyD. clever6. A. broke outB. hurried offC. found outD. put out7. A. went t