往年高考全国卷英语及答案解析

1、2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分） 第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21.Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!, madam.Its our soup of the day.A. Let me seeB. So it isC. Dont mention itD.Neither do I【参考答案】B【考查内容】情景交际【解析思路】这只是普通的蔬菜汤！ 的确是， 女士， 这就是我们今 天的汤。22. They might just have a place _ on

2、 the writing coursewhydont you give it a try?A. leaveB. leftC. leavingD. to leave【参考答案】B【考查内容】非谓语动词【解析思路】place与leave是被动关系，所以选过去分词。23. Try not to cough more than you can _ since it may causeproblems to your lungs.A. checkB. allowC. stopD. help【参考答案】D【考查内容】动词 【解析思路】在你能忍受的范围内尽量不要咳。24. If we _ now to pr

3、otect the environment, well live to regret it.A. hadnt acted B. havent acted C. dont actD.wont act【参考答案】C【考查内容】条件状语从句时态 【解析思路】从句用一般现在时表将来。25. Tony can hardly boil an egg, still _ cook dinner.A. lessB. little C. muchD. more【参考答案】A【考查内容】比较级 【解析思路】不会煎鸡蛋，更不用说做饭。26. Police have found _ appears to be the

4、lost ancient statue.A. whichB. where C. howD. what【参考答案】D【考查内容】宾语从句【解析思路】缺主语。27. When I first met Bryan I didnt like him, but I _ my mind.A. have changed B. change C. had changed D. would change【参考答案】A【考查内容】现在完成时 【解析思路】我以前不喜欢他，但我现在已经改变了看法。28. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but w

5、as asked bythe police _ .【考查内容】固定结构A. not to do参考答案】BB. not toC. not doD. do not【解析思路】ask sb not to do sth,这里省略了do sth。29. The door _ open , no matter how hard she pushed.A. shouldntB. couldntC. wouldntD.mightnt【参考答案】C【考查内容】情态动词 【解析思路】门不会开，不管她多用力推。30. At the last moment, Tom decided to _ a new chara

6、cter to makethe story seem more likely.A. put upB. put inC. put onD. putoff【参考答案】B【考查内容】动词短语【解析思路】加入一个新角色。31. India attained _ independence in 1947, after _ long struggle.A.不填; aB. the; aC. an;不填D. an; the【参考答案】A【考查内容】冠词 【解析思路】获得独立，不用冠词，一段长时间的斗争，用a.32. Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an i

7、mportantdiscovery _ a n o t h er man, also intelligent, fails.A. sinceB. ifC. asD. while【参考答案】D【考查内容】连词解析思路】没有办法知道为什么一个人有重要的发明，然而另一 个一样有才能的人却失败了。33.“You cant judge a book by its cover,” _ .A. as the saying goes oldB. goes as the old sayingC. as the old saying goesD. goes as old the saying【参考答案】C【考查内

8、容】固定句型【解析思路】老话说得好。34. It was a real race _ time to get the project done. Luckily, we madeit.A. over B. byC. forD. against【参考答案】D【考查内容】介词【解析思路】与时间赛跑。35. The sunlight is white and blinding, _ hard-edged shadows on theground.A. throwingB. being thrown C. to throwD. to bethrown【参考答案】A【考查内容】非谓语动词【解析思路】su

9、nlight与throw是主动关系。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I went to a group activity,“Sensitivity Sunday”, which was to makeus more 36 the problems faced by disabled people. We were asked to “ 37a disability”for several hours one Sunday. Some members,38_

10、, chose to use wheelchairs. Others wore sound-blocking earplugs耳 塞）or blindfolds（眼罩）.Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 39 experience. I had neverconsidered before how 40 it would be to use one. As soon as I satdown, my 41 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 42_. Then Iwondered where

11、 to put my 43 . It took me quite a while to get the metalfootrest into 44 . I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only meansof 45 for several hours. For disabled people,“adopting a wheelchairis nota temporary（临时的）46.I tried to find a 47 position and thought it might be restful, 48_ kind o

12、f nice,to be 49 around for a while. Looking around, I 50_ I would have to handle thething myself? My hands started to ache as I 51 the heavy metal wheels. Icame to know that controlling the 52_ of the wheelchair was not going to bea（n） 53 task.My wheelchair experiment was soon 54. It made a deepimpr

13、ession on me. A few hours of “ disability”gave me only a taste of the55, both physical and mental, that disabled people mustanalyze38. A. insteadme39. A. learningD. relaxing40. A.convenientB. interested inB. preventB. strangelyB.workingB.awkwardD.D.overcome.36. A. curious aboutcareful with37. A. cur

14、eC. aware ofC. adoptC.as usualD. likeC. satisfyingC. boringD. exciting41. A. heightweight42. A. lockedgrasped43. A. handshandles44. A. placeD. effect45. A. operationD. production46. A. explorationD. entertainment47. A. flexibleD. comfortable48. A. yetD. even49. A. shownD. guided50. A. realizedD. adm

15、itted51. A. liftedD. seized52. A. pathD. way53. A. easyD. extra54. A. forgottenD. finishedB. forceB. repairedB. feetB. actionB. communicationB. educationB. safeB. justB. pushedB. suggestedB. turnedB. positionB. heavyB. repeatedC. playC. transportationC.experimentC.startingC.stillC.drivenC. agreedC.p

16、ressedC. directionC.majorC. conductedC. skill D.C. poweredD.C. keysD.55. A. weaknesses B. challengesC. anxietiesD. illnesses36.【参考答案】B【考查内容】 考查形容词短语以及对语境的理解【解析思路】根据语境可知，这里提到的是意识到残疾人所面对 的问题。37.【参考答案】B【考查内容】考查动词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】采取，选择一种残疾。38.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查对语境的理解 【解析思路】一些成员，像我一样选择使用轮椅。39.【参考答案】A【考查内容】考查动

17、名词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】是一种学习经历。40.【参考答案】B【考查内容】考查形容词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】使用起来会多么地笨拙。41.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】是我的重量使轮椅滚动。42.【参考答案】A【考查内容】考查动词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】轮子没有被锁住。43.【参考答案】B【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】我想知道哪里去放脚。44.【参考答案】A【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】固定结构。45.【参考答案】C【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】我唯一的交通方式。46.【参考答案】C

18、【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】不是一个临时的实验。47.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查形容词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】我尽力去找到一个舒服的位置。48.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查副词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】这里表示更进一步，所以用甚至。49.【参考答案】B【考查内容】考查动词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】被推到周围转一会儿。50.【参考答案】A【考查内容】考查动词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】看看周围，我意识到我只能自己操作这个事情。51.【参考答案】B【考查内容】考查动词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】当我转动这个重重的金属轮子时，我的手开始疼52.【参考答案

19、】C【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】控制轮子的方向53.【参考答案】A【考查内容】考查形容词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】不是一个简单的任务。54.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查动词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】很快结束了。55.【参考答案】C【考查内容】考查名词以及对语境的理解 【解析思路】几个小时的残疾给到我的只是挑战的尝试。第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）ASome people will do just about anything to save money. And I am ones alacsattvio

20、n. It was my six-year-old sonwinter break form school, and we were heading home from FortLauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline,offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. Ihad meetings in New York，So I had to get ba

21、ck. But that didnt mean my husbandand my son couldnt stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home.of them. Take my familyThe next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an evenlater flight. Yes, I encouragedokay, orderedthem to wait it out at the airport, toearn more Delta

22、 Dollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh?Now some people may think Im a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a gooddeal is something few of us can afford to pass up.Ive made living looking for the best deals

23、 and exposing（揭露）the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBCsTodayshow for over a decade. I havewritten a couple of books including one titledTricks of the Trade: A ConsumerSurvival Gui.dAend I really do what I believe in.I tell you this becausethere is no shame in getting your moneys

24、worth. Imalso tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensiverestaurants. But I wouldnt hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shapelonger, and its the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece offurniture. Quality lasts.56. Why did Del

25、ta give the authors family credits?A. They took a later flight.B. They had earlybookings.C. Their flight had been delayed.D. Their flight hadbeen cancelled.参考答案】C考查内容】细节理解题解析思路】通过第一段第五句可知航班是延期了57. What can we learn about the author? A. Sherarely misses a good deal.makes a compromise.C. She is very s

26、trict with her children.B. She seldomD. She is interestedin cheap products.【参考答案】A【考查内容】细节理解题 【解析思路】通过第三段可知她很少错过好的交易58. What does the author do?A. Shes a teacher.C. Shes a media person. D. businesswoman.【参考答案】C【考查内容】细节理解题 【解析思路】根据第四段可知作者是个媒体人。59. What does the author want to tell us? A. How toexpose

27、 bad tricks.airline seats.C. How to spend money wisely. business deal.【参考答案】C考查内容】主旨大意题解析思路】通过全文大意可知作者想告诉我们如何去明智地花BThey baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert（警觉）. Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white cardwith two black spots on it.

28、 She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the cardand replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cardschange from one to the other, her gaze（凝视）starts to lose its focusuntil a third,with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for t

29、wice as longas she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different fromthree, just 24 hours after coming into the world?B. Shes a housewife.Shes aB. How to reserveD. How to make aOr do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but withthree spots shown before

30、 two, shows the same return of interest when the number ofspots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies wereshown cards with pictures of objects （a comb, a key, an orange and so on）,changing the number of objects had an effect separatefrom changing the objectsthemselves.

31、Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? Noagain. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen whentheir number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crossesbetween senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became moreexcit

32、ed when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two;likewise（ 同样地）when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.60. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the babys_.A. sense of hearing B. sense of sight C. sense of touchD. sense of smell【参考答案】B【考查内容

33、】细节理解题 【解析思路】根据第一段可知是视觉。61. Babies are sensitive to the change in_.A. the size of cardsB. the colour of picturesC. the shape of patternsD. the number of objects【参考答案】D考查内容】细节理解题解析思路】根据第一段的后半部分可知婴儿对物体数量敏感62. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?A. To reduce the difficulty of the exp

34、eriment. B. To see how babies recognizesounds.C. To carry their experiment further. D. To keep the babiesinterest.【参考答案】C【考查内容】推理判断题 【解析思路】多实验几种物体是为了更深入地进行实验。63. Where does this text probably come from?A. Science fiction. B. Childrens literatuCr.e. An advertisement. D. A sciencereport.【参考答案】D【考查内容】推

35、理判断题 【解析思路】可能是科学报告。CIt happened to me recently. I was telling someone how much I had enjoyedreading Barack ObamasDreams From My Fatherand how it had changed myviews of our President. A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was, in hiswords,“a brilliantly（精彩地）written book However, he then we

36、nt on to talk aboutMr. Obama in a way which suggestedhe had no idea of his background at all. Isensed that I was talking to a book liar.And it seems that my friend is not the only one. Approximately two thirds ofpeople have lied about reading a book which they haventhe World Book Day“Rseport on Guil

37、ty SecretsDreams”F,rom MyFatheris at number 9. The report lists ten books, and various authors, which peoplehave lied about reading, and as Imnot one to lie too often (Idhate to be caughtout), Ill admit here and now that I havent read the entire top ten. But I am pleasedto say that, unlike 42 percen

38、t of people, I have read the book at number one, GeorgeOrwell1984. I think its really brilliant.The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it. Itsays that many people lie about having read Jane Austen, Charles Dick ens, FyodorDostoevsky (I havent read him, buhavent lied

39、 about it either) and Herman Melville.Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to“impress”someonethey were speaking to. This could be tricky if the conversation became more in-depth!But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J. K.Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah,

40、 the big sellers, in other words).Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book toread the end before finishing the story (Ill come clean: I do this and am astonishedthat 58 percent said they had never done so).64. How did the author find his friend a book liar?A. By

41、 judging his manner of speaking.B. By lookinginto his background.C. By mentioning a famous name.D. By discussingthe book itself.【参考答案】D【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】通过第一段倒数第二句话可知。65. Which of the following is a“guilty secret”according to theWorld Book Day report?A. Charles Dickens is very low on the top-ten list

42、. B. 42% of people pretendedto have read1984C. The author admitted having read 9 books.D.DreamsFrom My Fathers hardly read.【参考答案】B【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】通过第二段可知。66. By lying about reading, a person hopes to_.A. control the conversationB.appearknowledgeableC. learn about the bookD. make more friends【参考答案】B

43、【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】通过第四段可知。67. What is the authors attitudferead%?A. Favorable. B. UncaringC. DoubtfulD.Friendly【参考答案】C【考查内容】推理判断题【解析思路】通过最后一段的最后一句话，作者说我很惊讶百分之五十八的人说他们从来没有这样做过可知作者是怀疑的。DThe National GalleryDescription:The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side ofTra

44、falgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to moremodern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery arereached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the Eas

45、t Wingare most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entranceLayout:The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th- to15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi,Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.The main West Wing houses 16

46、th-century paintings, and artists includeLeonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan andVeronese.The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio,Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.The East Wing houses 18th- to early 2

47、0th-century paintings, and artists includeCanaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.Opening Hours:The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and isfree, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.Getting There:Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-

48、minute walk), Leicester Square(3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minutewalk).68. In which centurys collection can you see religious paintings? A. The 13th.B. The 17th.C. The 18th.D.The 20th.【参考答案】A【考查内容】细节理解题 【解析思路】通过第一段的第二句话可知。69. Where are Leonardo da Vinci s wor

49、ks shown?A. In the East Wing.B. In the main WestWing.C. In the Sainsbury Wing. D. In the North Wing.【参考答案】B【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】通过第三段可知。70. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?A. Piccadilly Circus. B. Leicester Square.C. Embankment. D. Charing Cross.【参考答案】D【考查内容】细节理解题【解析思路】通过最后一

50、段可知。第二节 （共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选 项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods andservices they want. The word business also refers to an organization that providesthese goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit（利润）一that

51、is,they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 71Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmentalservice providers. 72Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning,direction, and control of the operations

52、of a business. _73 One is the establishment（制定）of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase ofequipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 74 The third relates to theestablishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concernedprimarily with supervisi

53、on（监管）and guidance by the management in authority._75A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work withthe set standards for work.B. In this connection there is the difference between top management andoperative management.C.Examples of nonprofit business include such org

54、anizations as social serviceagencies and may hospitals.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operatingcosts.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.G. Pla

55、nning in business management has three main aspects.71.【参考答案】D【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解【解析思路】上文说大部分商业是要创造利润，下文说通常叫非赢利性的，所以这里有个转折72.【参考答案】C【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解 【解析思路】上文提到非赢利性的商业，这里举例说明。73.【参考答案】E【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解 【解析思路】上文提到商业管理的三个技巧，这里应该是讲planning。74.【参考答案】G【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解 【解析思路】下文是the third,所以这里是thesecond。75.【参考答案】A

56、【考查内容】考查对上下文的理解【解析思路】上文讲了planning,direction,这里应该是control.第II卷注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷 上无效。第四部分 写作（共两页，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌中间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌 写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每 处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：把缺词处叫个漏字符号（人），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I hardly remember my grandmother.