考研英语语法配套讲义学生用

1、句子的基本类型：经典案例1I am a university student.2 My home is in the South of China.3There are five people in my family.4Rice is grown in my hometown.5My father teaches English at a middle school.6My mother also teaches.7She teaches children to read.8My brothers go to school.9My parents find teaching very exc

2、iting.10.They often tell my brothers interesting stories in the evening. 11.We had some shoes like those a month ago.12.They were in fashion last year.13.He is going to leave for France tomorrow.14.He is going to be away for a long time.15.We will miss him.16.There will be only three people in this

3、building.17.He has been to America for many times.18.He has gone to America.19.I had finished my work before supper.20.She had been a typist before 2001.21.I will have been there by 4 oclock.22.He will have forgotten all about this matter before long.23.George is reading a book now.24.The palace is

4、being built.25.We were talking about you this morning.26.This problem was being discussed yesterday afternoon.27.I will be visiting my parents this time tomorrow.28.Our company will be inspected next week.29.She said she would be setting off on the four oclock train.30.She told me that she would be

5、greeted at the airport.31.I have been living here for ten years.32.This stadium has been built since 1998.33.I had been looking for the book for hours before I found it.34.Trees had been planted for years before the flood.35.I will have been working here for twenty years by the end of the year.被动结构：

6、一种特殊的主系表结构；主语和动词之间的被动关系。A fire _during the night and a large number of houses _to ashes. A. broke out, were burnt B. was broke out, were burnt C. broke out, burnt D. set out, were burnedEnglish _ in Australia. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken A new house _ at the corner of the roa

7、d. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be buildingHis new book_ next month. A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been publishedNewly-born babies _in hospital. A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care情态动词：can m

8、ay must could might should will ought to dare不能单独使用，用在系动词或谓语动词前，可以和完成时态连用。With all this work on hand, she _ to the dance party last night. A. oughtnt to go B. hadnt gone C. shouldnt have gone D. mustnt have goneYou ought _ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday. A. to report B. to have r

9、eported C. to reporting D. have reported动词不定式的基本用法1） It is not easy _ the answer to the difficult math problem.A. to figure out B. figuring out C. figure out D. being figured out2） They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors.3) My mother teaches children

10、 to read.动词+宾语+不带to的不定式（do）作宾语补足语的情况：A:The teacher has his students _ a composition every other week.A. to write B. written C. writing D. writeB:Henry is often seen _ English aloud every morning in the classroom.A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read4） 例（1）： _ a teacher, one must first be a pupil.A.

11、 Being B. Having been C. To be D. To have been例（2）：We hurried to the station _ find ourselves three hours earlier for the train.A. only to B. in order to C. so as to D. such as to5） 例：The question _ at the meeting tomorrow is very important.A. to discuss B. being discussed C. to be discussed D. will

12、 be discussed动词不定式的被动式We shall ask for samples _ and then we can make our decision.A. to be sent B. being sent C. to sent D. to have been sent The ability _ is very important for any speaker.A. to hear clearly B. to be clearly heardC. to hearing clearly D. to being clearly heard 动词不定式的完成式 例：Charles

13、Babbage is generally considered _ the first computers.A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having inventedShe apologized for _ to attend the meeting.A. her being not able B. her to be not ableC. her not to be able D. her not being ableI am considering _ my job as Im not getting on well w

14、ith my boss.A. changing B. to changeC. changed D. to be changedDo you feel like_ today?A. having something eaten B. having something to eatC. to have something eaten D. to have something to eat二、动名词的完成时：表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生时，用动名词的完成时。例（1）I dont remember _.A. ever to be saying B. to have ever saidC. ha

15、ving ever said that D. ever said that例（2）I regret having done such a thing.我后悔做了这样的事。三、动名词的逻辑主语当动名词的逻辑主语是代词时可使用形容词性的物主代词或代词的宾格。例（1）Would you mind _ the computer game in your room?A. he play B. his playingC. him to play D. him playmind的后面要接动名词做宾语，动名词的逻辑主语用物主代词+动名词。本句的意思是：“我在你房间里玩电脑游戏你介意吗？”例（2）He forg

16、ot about _ him to attend my wifes birthday party.A. I asking B. my asking C. me to ask D. mine to ask分词例（1）I walked out of the cinema, _to return to see the wonderful film the next Sunday.A. determine B. being determined C. determined D. to be determined 例（2）Before the guests come, I must get the gl

17、asses _.A. washed B. to be washed C. being washed D. to wash 例（3）John, _ the bet, had to pay for the dinner.A. lost B. having lost C. losing D. having loss 例（1）Is there any possibility of getting the price_ further?A. reduced B. reduce C. reducing D. be reduced例（2）Today the police can watch cars _ o

18、n roads by radar.A. run B. to run C. running D. to be run在这里，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，且为主动。例（3）She told me that it was the most _ gift her daughter had received.A. delighting B. delightedC. delights D. delight 例（1）Standing on the bank, the children watched the ship _ with all kinds of goods.A. loading B. being

19、 loaded C. to be loaded D. having loaded例（2）The interviewer should take down notes at the moment the person _ answers the questions.A. to be interviewed B. interviewingC. being interviewed D. interviewed 例（3）We found the cake eaten by Tom我们发现是汤姆吃了蛋糕。例（1）_ tired after a hard work, she fell into bed a

20、nd went straight to sleep.A. Felt B. Feeling C. Being felt D. To feel例（2）Arriving at the bus stop, _ waiting there.A. he found a lot of people B. a lot of people wereC. he found a lot of peoples D. people were found 例（1）All things _, the planned trip had to be called off.A. considered B. be consider

21、ed C. considering D. having considered例（2）Classes _, the students left for home without delay.A. were over B. being over C. are over D. over 例（3）_, we decided to leave at once, as we didnt want to risk missing the bus.A. As it being pretty late B. It being pretty lateC. It was being pretty late D. B

22、eing pretty late例（4）The plane crashed, its bombs _ as it hit the ground.A. exploded B. were explodedC. exploding D. were exploding例（1）Weather permitting, well go to the Summer Palace. 例（2）It being Sunday，you neednt go to school. 例（3）All the work done, you can have a rest. 例（1）With the bridge _, ther

23、e was nothing for it but to swimA. was destroyed B. destroying C. being destroyed D. destroyed 例（2）With the flowers _everywhere, the park looks beautiful.A. to bloom B. blooming C. be blooming D. to be blooming例（3）With the old man _ the way, we had no trouble in finding that mysterious cave.A. leadi

24、ng B. led C. lead D. to be led非谓语动词配套练习1. Although the lecture had already been on for five minutes, I still was not able to find a chair _.A. to sit B. for to sit on C. to sit on D. for sitting2. “What did you do in the garden?” “I watched my father _ his motorbike.”A. to repair B. repaired C. repa

25、iring D. repairs3. We must have an engineer _ the workers build the house.A. to see B. see C. seeing D. seen4. John didnt want to risk _ wet as he had only one suit.A. getting B. to get C. being got D. to be gotten5. I remember _ to the zoo by my father when I was little.A. being taken B. takingC. h

26、ave been taken D. to have taken6. I regret _ you that your application has been refused.A. inform B. being informedC. to be informed D. to inform7. There is something wrong with my TV set, I must have it _.A. checking B. check C. to check D. checked8. The machines are made _ at full speed.A. work B.

27、 working C. to work D. to be worked9. Without the suns light _ the earths surface, it would be so cold that life could not exist on the earth.A. warms B. warmed C. warming D. to warm10. The famous scientist was easy _ along with.A. to get B. for getting C. getting D. got11. _ from the hill-top the l

28、ake scenery is beyond description.A. To see B. Seeing C. Seen D. Having 12. All flights _ because of the storm , they decided to take the train.A. having cancelled B. were cancelledC. have been cancelled D. cancelled13. Theres one thing I dislike about him: he will never admit _ a mistake.A. having

29、made B. making C. being made D. have been made14. The electric shaver _ before it can be used.A. needs repairing B. requires to repairC. should be in repair D. has to be repairable15. _ a reply, he decided to write again.A. Not received B. Receiving notC. Not having received D. Having not received16

30、. _in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. to lose从句例（1）_ you dont know the rule wont be a sufficient excuse for your failure.A. It is B. That C. Because D. What例（2）That the earth is round is true.（It is true that the earth is round.）例（3）_ was once

31、regarded as impossible has now become a reality.A. What B. That C. Which D. As例（2）_ I saw was two men crossing the street.A. What B. Whom C. Who D. That例（3）_ was not the way the event happened.A. Which the press reported B. That the press reportedC. What did the press report D. What the press report

32、ed例：When well start is not clear.（It is not clear when well start.）例（1）Its urgent that a meeting _ before the final decision is made.A. will be arranged B. must be arrangedC. be arranged D. would be arranged例（2）It is highly desirable that a new president _ for this university.A. is appointed B. will

33、 be appointedC. be appointed D. has been appointedThis is what he wants.The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.I must tell you how _ a letter from you.A. pleased I was to receive B. pleased I was to receivingC. was I pleased to receive D. pleased I was receivingA modern c

34、ity has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago .A. what B. which C. that D. where例（1）： I dont think it advisable that Tom _ to the job since he has no experience.A. be assigned B. is assigned C. will be assigned D. has been assigned例（2）：We consider _ the instrument be adjusted each time it i

35、s used.A. that it necessary B. it necessary that C. necessary that D. necessary of it that例（1）The news quickly spread through the village _ the war had ended.A. which B. what C. that D. where例（2）Evidence came up _ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A. where B. t

36、hat C. which D. what例（3）My suggestion that we do the experiment again is accepted by them.我建议再做一次实验，他们接受了。例（4）His proposal that they（should）challenge the other groups to a friendly competition ispraised by the teacher.他提议向别的组挑战，来一场友谊竞赛。这个提议受到了老师的表扬。例：The news that he will quit his job is true.The ne

37、ws that you told me is true.名词性从句配套练习1. He told me that he had bought a music tape and _ buy another one the next week.A. that he would B. he was going toC. he would D. he should2. We dont doubt _ he can do a good job of it.A. whether B. that C. if D. which3. I wonder how many years ago _.A. did you

38、r father retire B. your father retiredC. has your father retired D. your father has retired4. We all agree with him on _ he said.A. what B. that C. why D. which5. The teacher told the children that the Chinese culture_one of the oldest cultures in the world.A. is B.was C. had been D. has been6. I wi

39、ll give this dictionary to _ wants to have it.A. whomever B. whoever C. whatever D. wherever7. _ all the inventions have in common is _ they have succeeded.A.That,what B. What, that C. That, that D. What, what8. Three days later, word came_ our country had sent up another man-made satellite.A. when

40、B. which C. that D. where9. If you do your best it doesnt matter _ people think of you.A. that B. what C. which D. if10._you didnt know the rules wont be a sufficient excuse for your delaying submitting the report.A. It is B. That C. Because D. What 11. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gr

41、ey. A. while B. that C. if D. for12. I am sure _ he said is true. A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what13. Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant had been careless. A. for B. because C. since D. that14. One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B

42、. that what C. that which D. which that15. He insisted that he _ in good health and _ to work there. A. was, be sent B. is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send16. We think it possible _ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem. A. for B. that C. when D. how定语从句例（1）The company o

43、fficial _ would be fired received a raise.A. whom B. whoever C. who D. of whom例（1）We live in a time _, more than ever before in history, people are moving.A. what B. when C. which D. where例（2）I will never forget the ten years _ we both spent in the little village.A. when B. during which C. which D.

44、in which例（1）The tsunami (海啸) _ over 160,000 people were killed was a terrible disaster for human beings.A. of that B. among which C. during that D. in which例（2）This is the dictionary _ I depend a lot whenever I have problems with new words.A. with which B. in which C. on which D. for which例（1）_ is w

45、ell-known, the environment in China is badly in need of improvement.A. It B. That C. As D. What例（1）It turned out that the man was an excellent policeman working in New York, _ had contributed a lot to the case.A. that B. which C. who D. where例（2）He was very rude to the customs officer, _ of course m

46、ade things even worse.A. who B. whom C. what D. which例（1）The writer has published many books, _ are well received by the readers.A. none of whom B. all of whichC. neither of who D. one of which例（2）The United States is composed of fifty states, two of _ are separated from the others by land or water.

47、A. them B. that C. which D. those定语从句配套练习1.I have bought the same dress _she is wearing.A. as B. that C. which D. than2. The letter and the little girl _ we had discovered disappeared again.A. which B. that C. whom D. who3. He was one of the boys who _ late for class.A. are B. is C. were D. was4. Il

48、l never forget the holidays _ I worked in the factory.A. which B. when C. that D. where5. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learned.A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom6. Some of the roads were folded, _ made our journey more difficult.A. which B. it C. what D. that7. Is this the m

49、useum _ you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one8. Is this museum _ some German friends visited last Wednesday?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one9. Please pass me the dictionary _ cover is black.A. which B. which of C. whose D. with10. This is the biggest laboratory _ w

50、e have ever built in our school.A.which B . what C. where D. 11. Ill tell you _ he told me last week.A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all12. There are different forms of energy, _ come from the sun.A. that B. most of that C. most of them D. most of which13. I dont like _ you speak to her.A. t

51、he way B. the way in thatC. the way which D. the way of which14. The speed _ light travels is very high.A. which B. at which C. in which D. with which15. The reason _ he gives for not coming is unacceptable.A. which B. for which C. in which D. why16. The reason _ they died was lack of medical care.A

52、. which B. for which C. in which D. why状语从句例（1）No sooner had they got the goods covered up _ it started raining hard.A. when B. than C. then D. after例（2）She has wanted to become a nurse _ since she was a young girl.A. long B. often C. always D. ever例（1）_ Im mistaken, Ive seen that man before.A. Unle

53、ss B. If C. Because D. Provided例（2）_ you return those books to the library immediately you will have to pay a fine.A. Until B. Unless C. If D. Provided例（1）He cannot go to school because he is ill.例（2）Everyone likes you as you are both kind and honest. 例（1）_he felt tired out after the long journey fo

54、r eight hours.A. Strong as he is B. The stronger he isC. Strong man that he is D. For he is strong例（2）_ at Harvard，he began again to write his essay.A. Busy was as he B. Busy as was heC. Busy as he was D. As was he busy例（3）_ he says or does wont make me change my mind at all.A. Whatever B However C.

55、 Which D. HowHowever difficult the task is, we can finish it in time.例（1）_ was pointed above, this substance can be used as a substitute.A. It B. That C. What D. As例（2）He talks as if he _ everything in the world.A. knows B. knew C. had known D. would have known例（1）I wrote it down _ I should forget it.A. in case B. in case of C. in order that D. for fea