语法填空专项训练---介词

1、语法填空专项训练-介词介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在连续两年的广东高考中都有两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一。该题要求 在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词（一个单词的介词），主要考点有：1. 表示时间介词有：at, i n, on 表示时间点和时间段by 不迟于，到时为止 after在之后before 在之前si nee 自从for表示一段时间； during 在期间within在期间，不超过throughout 贯穿期间over在期间，过完一段时间fromto .从至卩un til/till直到betwee n在之间2. 表示方位的介词有：into进入；

2、out of从出来；along沿着；（a）round围饶着或在的各处；down沿而下；up沿而上；from 从；off从离开或下来；at朝着或向着；for至U去; to到或向；towards向或朝着；at在某一点或在（某物）旁；in在某一范围内；on在某物的表面上；above在的上头或高出；below在下面或低于；among在（多者）之中；between在（两者）之间；around在周围；in side在的里面；outside在的外面；before在之前；behind在的后面；over在的上方或上面；under在的下面或下方；beside/by在的旁边；near在的附近；beyond在的那一边

3、，远于，超过（某事物的范围）；across在的对面或那一边；across从一边到另一边；by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过； over从某人或某物的上空经过； through从某事物的里面经过。3. 表示原因的介词有 because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at（常放在表示情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后表示原因，相当于听到或看到”等。4. 表示方式、方法或手段的介词有by乘、坐、骑（接交通工具）,靠、通过；in用（某种语言或材料，如墨水等）;with用（具体的工具），和一起；through通过（实践或书本）等。5. 表示 除夕卜"的介词有

4、 except, besides, but, except for 等。6. 表示 数量”勺about（大约）,around（大约）,over（超过）等；表示 关于”勺on, about等；表示 所 属”部分与整体关系”的of;表示（增加/减少，相差，高出等的）程度的by;以及as（当作，作 为）,like（像一样）等。7. 能接复合宾语的介词有with和without o8. 短语中的介词。女口动词+介词"短语，如look after, care for, congratulations on等； 动词+ 副词 + 介词"短语，如 catch up with, get o

5、n with, work hard at, do well in 等； 动词 + 名词 + 介 词"take are of, take notice of等;名词+介词”，如effect on等。解题技巧：1什么情况下可能是填介词？我们首先必须知道两点：（1）介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what从句；（2）名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主 语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。2. 应该填哪个介词？在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境

6、来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当的介词。另外，以下几条思路对解题非常有用：（1）由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定。2008年广东高考36题，感到累了”应当是 干活一整天之后”故填after。（2）由所处句型的特殊需要来确定。如 2008年广东高考31题，这是一个there be句型，该句型一般是表示在某个地点存在某人或某物”可见 “these proverbs应当是表示地点的；不难得知 有趣故事”应当是在 这些成语的背后”故填behind。由特殊的结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语（宾语+宾补）的介词只能是 with或without （4）考虑介词（空格）与前面的动词或

7、名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词（空格）与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填的介词。例 1Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people 'daily life. these proverbs there are ofte n in terest ing stories.（广东）分析：因these proverbs是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句 意是 在中国的这些成语故事的背后常常有有趣的故事”表示 在背后”用介词behind。例 2He was very t

8、ireddoing this for a whole day.分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，表示 因而累” be tired from也是固定短语，故也可填from。例 3the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receivi ng mea guest in their house.分析：句意是把我们作为客人接待”表示当作，作为”用介词as。例 4l wan ted to reward the old woma nthe tro

9、uble I had caused her.分析：句意是我想酬谢我们给她造成了麻烦的那个年迈的妇女。”表示因而酬谢/报答某人”是reward sb. for sth.,即用for引出原因，故填for。类似的表达还有 ：thank sb. for sth.; praise sb. for sth.; punish sb. for sth.等。一、单句填空：用适当的介词填空。1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sanka chair.（ 安徽）2. If you really have to leave during

10、the meeting, you' d better leave 北京）the back door.（3. A great man shows his greatnessthe way he treats little men. （福建 ）4. You have no idea how she finished the relay raceher foot wounded so much.（ 福建）5. I like Mr. Miner' s speech; it was clear andthejp宁i）t.（6. Let ' s learn to use the p

11、roblem we are facinga steppsigne to future success.（宁夏）7. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I likeworking here.（全国 n ）8. I began to feelhome in the new school when I saw some familiar faces.（ 山东）9. Elizabeth has already achieved successher wildest dreams.（陕西）10. Everything was pe

12、rfect for the picnic exceptthe weather.（ 浙江）11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior schoolgirls of your age. （ 北京）12. Althoughmy opinion, the old professor didn' t come 福w）th his own.（13. the silenee of t he pauses, we could hear each other' s breathing and could almost hearou

13、r own heartbeats.（湖南）14. Scientists are convincedthe positive effect of laughterphysical and mentalhealth.（江西）15. Experts have bee n warningsome time of the health risks caused by passive smok ing.（江西）16. The manager suggested an earlier datethe meeting.（全国 I）17. Some people choose jobs for other re

14、asonsmoney these days.（全国 II）18. Some students often listen to musicclasses to refresh themselves.（四川）19. The ope n-air celebrati on has bee n put off becausethe bad weather.（浙江）20. Sorry, Madam. You ' d better come tomorrow because it' st福建siting hours.（21. It ' s quiteme why such thing

15、s have been alldwe happen.（安徽）22. It ' s a top secret.Yes, I see. I will keep the secretyou and me.（上海）23. People have always been curioushow living things on the earth exactly began.（ 辽宁）24. After the earthquake, the injured were cared in the local hospitals or taken to thehospitals in the neig

16、hboring cities.（江西）25. I would like a job which pays more, butthe other hand I enjoy the work I' m d（the moment.（浙江）26. More and more young people are fondplaying tennis nowadays.（ 上海）27. Leave your key with a neighborcase you lock yourself out one day.（ 北京）28. Villagers here depend on the fishi

17、ng industry,which there won' t be much woi（上海）29. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further,which New Yorkis an example.（四川）30. By nine o ' clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, which appeared a rare rainbow soon.（福建）31. The

18、book was writte n in 1946,whe n the educati on system has wit nessed great charges.（山东）32. He was educated at the local high school,which he went on to Beijing University.（ 江苏）33. Huma n facial expressi ons differ from those of an imals in the degreewhich they can becon trolled on purpose.（重庆）二、语篇模拟

19、：用适当的介词填空。Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sun day in June. The idea for creat ing a day 1childre n tohonor their fathers bega n in Spoka ne. Wash ington. A woman2the n ame of Sonora SmartDodd thought3 the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon41909.Havi ng bee n raised 5 her father, Henry Jack