综合复习一：基本句型

1、英语五大基本句型学习目标：了解英语基本句型。学习方法：学一学，练一练，问一问 英语的基本句型主要有五种，它们是：1、主语一一系词（谓语动词一一表语2、主语一一谓语动词（不及物动词）3、 主语一一谓语动词（及物动词）一一宾语4、主语一一谓语动词一一间接宾语一一直接宾语5、主语一一谓语动词一一宾语一一宾语补足语掌握好这些基本句型，就可以为灵活运用语言打下良好的基础。下面分别讲解这 五种句型。一、主语+系词+表语Stepl知识梳理在这一句型中，谓语动词是系动词（方块中的内容）英语中常见的系动词有：（ be（ am, is, are, was, were）look, seem, appearJ fee

2、l,sound, smell, tastego, get, tur n, become, grow, r un, promise, fall, come, keep, rema in, hold, con ti nu e, lie, sit, sta nd, rest prove（ to be）= tur n out （ to be）如下例：1. Mr.Brow n |is an engin eer.2. A timely sno w promises |a good harvest.3. Gradually he became sile nt.4. The theory soundsreas

3、 on able.5. The questior空mained unsolved.6. The mach ine_ii out of order.7. The new teacheris in charge of our class.8. The television was on.9. The Whites have beenaway on holiday.10. .His pla n is to keep the affair secret.11. His hope | is to be a great lawyer.12. My job 同 repairi ng cars.13. .Th

4、e questions what you want to do.注意：在下面的句子中，形容词做表语，在表语的后面常常接不定式结构。Im happy to meet you.They are willi ng to help.We| are determined to follow his example.练一练：仿写句子1. 我姐姐是个护士 .2. 我感觉有点饿3. 这汤很好喝4. 史密斯先生看起来很健康5. 明天将是个晴天二、主语+谓语动词（常常是不及物动词做谓语）Stepl知识梳理后面可以不加成分，也可以加副词短语，介词短语，-i ng短语，名词做状语在这一句型中，动词为不及物动词和不及物

5、的动词词组1. The sun is risi ng,2. Ill tryj3. Did you| sleep well？ （well 做状语，修饰不及物动词 sleep）4. The engin e broke down|.5. The rain has stopped.6. The book sells well.7. The wi ndow wont bhut.8. The pen writes smoothly.9. Cheese cuts easily.练一练：仿写句子1. 雨停了2. 机器运转正常3. 这个老人在街上散步4. 太阳升起来了 三、 主语+谓语动词（及物动词）+宾语（名

6、词、代词、onesel、同源宾语、to do wh-词+ to do wh-从句、that从句、动名词作宾语）在此句型中，动词为及物动词1. Do you know these people（them？2.1 cant express myself in English.3. He smileg a strange smile.4. We cant | afford to pay such a price.5. Would you mi nd wait ing a few minu tes？6.1 hope that I have said no thi ng to hurt you.7. I

7、 don know how to use the computer.注意：并不是所有的及物动词都可以接上述各种情况做宾语，不同的动词有不同的用法，所以，在学习动词时，一定要掌握其用法。四、主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Stepl知识梳理在此句型中，动词可以称作双宾语动词，后面的宾语为间接宾语 和直接宾语，其中间接宾语在前，一般表人，直接宾语在后，一般表物。这类句 型有三种情况。第一种情况，间接宾语可以改为to引导的短语。常用此结构的动词有bring, do,He handed a letter to me.she gaVe her teleph one nu mber tcme. He l

8、ie nt_his computer to me. -He told a funny story to me .Please pdgive, han d, le nd, owe, offer, post, promise, read, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, throw, write 等1. He handed me a letter2.She gave me her teleph one nu mber.3. Hel lent me his computer4. He Itoiq me, a fuuny syory.ss some water

9、 to me.5. Pleasd pads me some water.Step2仿写句子1. 老师教给我们很多知识2. 我给他发了一份电报 3. 这个公司给我们提供食物 第二种情况，间接宾语可以改为for引导的短语。常用此结构的动词有：buy, build, paint, call, choose, cook, cut, do, fetch, get, keep, draw, make, order, prepare, save, sing 等1. .She sang us a folk song.She sang a folk for us.2. Shd cooked us a delic

10、ious meal.She cooked a delicious meal for us.3. He drew , me a picture.He dreW a picture for me.4. He| is preparing us breakfast.He is preparing breakfast for us.仿写句子：1. 请为我选一条领带2. 他给我买了一本小说 3. 他给我画了一幅画第三种情况，主语+谓语动词+to +间接宾语+直接宾语=主语+谓语动词+直 接宾语 + to +间接宾语常用此结构的动词有 ann ou nee, explai n, i ntroduce,men

11、 ti on, express, say, report, prese nt, sugge 等1. He explains to me the matter.He explaids the matter to me.2. I introduce to you the book.I introduce the book to you.3. He expressed to me his thanks.He expressed his tha nks to me.五、主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语在此句型中的动词，叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词，在英语中，这样的动词也不多 后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情

12、况的，宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾 语。这个句式是英语中比较复杂的一个句式，因为复合宾语的构成内容较多。F面句子中划线部分为宾语补足语1. h4 found his new job boring.（形容词做宾补）2. They called their daughter Mary.（名词做宾补）3. This placed her in a very difficult position.（介词短语做宾补）4. We Went to her house but found her out.副词做宾补）5. What do you advise me to de？（不定式做宾补）6. We|

13、 thought him to be an hon est man .（tobd故宾补）7. Hg believed them to have discussed the problem不 定式的完成式做宾补8. He believed her to be telling the truth.不定式的进行式做宾补）9. Did you hotice him come in ？（不带 to 的不定式做宾补）11.He10.1 sawher_chatting with Nancy.（现在分词做宾补） Watched the piano carried upstairs过去分词做宾补）注意：在这个结

14、构中，可以出现用it做形式上的宾语，把真正的宾语放在宾语补 足语的后面。在此结构中，宾语常常是动词不定式或宾语从句1.He felt it his duty to mention this to her.分析:it是形式宾语，his duty是宾语补足语，to mention this to her是真正的宾语。2.1 think it best that you should stay with us.分析：it是形式宾语，best是宾语补足语，that you should stay with us是真正的 宾语。仿写句子:1. 请让门开着2. 我看见汤姆过了马路3. 我发现教室的灯开着

15、巩固性练习：请判断下列句子的结构类型1. He is running.2. The loud voice from the upstairs made him an gry.3 .The little boy is ask ing the teacher all kinds of questi ons.4.She seemed an gry.5. My father bought me a beautiful prese nt.6. Why do you keep your eyes closed7. Will you tell us an exciting story ？8. We must

16、 keep our classroom tidy and clea n.9.1 heard the baby crying in the sitt ing room.10. Ca n you push the win dow open11. I found her a famous poet.12. Sit down and make yourself comfortable.13. She refused to take my advice about it.15. He mentioned the fact to me.16. Ill introduce to you the book.1

17、7. The problem is that he caattend the meeting.18. We stopped to talk to a frie nd of mine.19. The wedd ing lasted four hours.20. The theory proved to be true.21. He dreamed a sweet dream.22. I con sidered him to be resp on sible for the accide nt.23. I found the old man in good health.24. Two years

18、 has gone by.25. Hawking explained what it means to be a scientist.26. People found it difficult to understand him.27. The only trouble is that it gives me an America n acce nt.28. Knowing who we are means knowing how we think and what we like to do.29. Food prices are going up.30. I prefer liv ing in a moder n flat.31. Every great culture in the past had its own idea of beauty expressed in art and architecture.32. The walls seem to be coverd with the skin of a fish.33. Poems by D