综合写作官方模板与我的SmartTemplate

1、综合写作官方模板与我的 Smart Template1. First: Review the general skills for Integrated Task Writing.Summarizing： shorten and simplify the material that you read and hear.Paraphrasing: express the ideas in your own words; translate' the author 's English into your own English.Citing: clearly identify w

2、hich information comes from the passage and which information comes from the lecture.Synthesizing: typically bring together and contrast different points of view, with various transition words, adverb clause markers, etc.2. 综合题： 阅读部分和听力部分的 4 种关系总结：A. Opposition (90%)B. 阅读给出 generalization, 听力给出例子来支持

3、或反例来 驳斥阅读C. 阅读给出一个问题， 听力给出一个解决方案成功或不成功 地解决问题D. 阅读给出一个 CAUSE， 听力描述后果Basic Templates #1 Show ing Con troversy首.In the lecture, the professor made several points aboutThe professorargues that.However, the read ing passage contends thatTheprofessor's lecture casts doubt on the read ing by using a nu

4、 mber of points that are con trary to.2. The first point that the professor uses to cast doubt on the read ing isthat.According to the professordiffers from the reading in that theread ing states.The point made by the professor casts doubt on the readi ng because.3. Ano ther point that the professor

5、 uses to cast doubt on the readi ng is.The professor claims that.However, the reading states.This point iscon tradicted by.4. Fin ally, the professor stated that , on the con trary of reading,In otherwords,.This directly con tradicts what the read ing passage in dicates, because.末.In conclusion, the

6、 points made in the lecture contrast with the reading. , anddem on strate that is in doubt. (144 words)然后反驳的单词， differ from ,disagree with, cast doubt on, conflict with, challe ngeBasic Template #2: Show ing Support首.In the lecture, the professor made several points about.The lecture argues that.The

7、 points made by the professor agree with .In fact, the examples used by the professor support.2. In the lecture, the professor made several points about.The lecture argues that.The points made by the professor agree with .In fact, the examples used by the professor support.3. Furthermore, the profes

8、sor bolsters the readi ng by stat ing that.The professor claims that.This point agrees with the reading ,which contends that.4. Fin ally, the professor states that ,i n support of thereading,.Specifically,.This perfectly rein forced what the read ing passage indicates because 末 In conclusion, the po

9、ints made in the lecture support the reading.anddem on strate thatis valid.support 的单词有： enhance, uphold, corroborate, to back, justify, to substa ntiate, to adva nee,i j* 1）注意用词的variation,比如反驳的题型，cast doubt on这个说法你用了一次就 尽量不要再用第二次，可以用一些诸如 oppose the viewpoi nt of, repute the poi nt by stating that,

10、perfectly challenge 等等等等。2）反驳的、支持的都可以找一些， 自己整理出来，到了考场只需要把听力的三个 points记下，就可以把这些用法 如鱼得水地手到擒来了。2009年5月31日托福机经作文：综合作文：阅读：ZF对一些公司提供incentive 的政策（比如减少税收），来引资。举了 三个好处。1. 在那些unemployment比较严重的地区，可以提供就业职位。2. 可以促进该地区的 general development.3. 那些公司可以提供一些高薪水的职位。听力：完全驳斥。1. 不可能。因为那些职位都被 skilled worker comi ng from o

11、ther areas占据了。而当过几年那些factory 倒闭的时候，unemployment的情况会更严重。2. 不可能。打了一个学校的比喻。一个学校吸引了很多学生来读书， 但是不可能 扩展很rapidly,因为缺钱，而缺钱正是因为ZF减少了那些企业的税收。3. 不可能。举了一个例子。一些公司签订了协议要给 1万刀的月薪给他的 worker ， 但是事实上只有 very few superior 得到高薪，大部分人还是只拿 average local salary, 所以对 normal employee 一点帮助都没有。独立写作：Do you agree or disagree with

12、the statement: people will spend less time on cooking food.Use specific reasons and examples to support your idea.2009年 5 月 16 日托福机经作文：1. 连锁超市和地区市场的利弊三点，1 本地食物更好吃有营养， 2 本地食物对环境好 3 本地食物对当地经济 可以促进 , 外地企业不关心当地的经济，对当地发展没有作用之意听力逐一批驳 1 ，因为农业科技的发展外地和本地食物基本差不多了， 2 在最 合适的地方种水果可以减少土地开垦， 对环境有好处 .3 大公司发展经济 . 外地

13、公 司可以为（本地）提供税收，增加收入的好处。2.independentagree or disagree that:学校至少让学生学一门 course of culture of acountry rather than their own2009 年 5 月 9 日托福机经作文1.reading 说澳大利亚一种叫做 cane toad 的动物，因为数量过多，破坏了当地 生态环境。然后就有人提出三个方案来控制 cane toad 的 population spread 。1. 修 national fences ，避免它们再跑到别的地方去破坏2. 人为破坏。说这种动物对于人为破坏比较 vul

14、nerable ，所以建议组织一些志 愿者去 destroy3. virus听力 lecture 里面教授人为这些建议不但不能成功而且还会破坏整个生态环境1. 因为在附近的 stream 里发现也有 cane toad 的 egg ， 所以修 fences 是阻碍不了它们扩散的， 它们的 egg 会顺着溪水流到别的地方，并且它们在这一区域的活动受到限制后， 它们更可能转移到别的 habitat 去2.有另一种动物和 cane toad 长的很像，特别是小的时候，那些没有受过专门训练 的志愿者很难去区分这两种动物， 他们很有可能误伤了另外的那种动物， 这样反 而破坏了生态环境3.说 virus

15、的方法太危险， 因为会传染很多的动物。 由于研究的需要， 有些动物会 被运到别的地方，如果它们感染了病毒，就会把病毒带到别的地方，造成破坏。 另外教授好像还提到说 cane toad 其实在维持生态平衡上也起了很大的作用， 不 能把它们赶尽杀绝，要 keep 在一个相对比较合适的 population2. Do you agree the statement that in order to become a financially responsible adult, people should be taught how to manage money at a early age 。20

16、09年 3 月 29 日托福机经写作：1、综合写作：阅读：历史学家认为一种人（ neo. ）有 spoken language 原因有三： 1、big brain ；2、large bones protecting the speaking nerve ，举例 chimpanzee 那 个 bone 就 relatively 很小； 3、 breath control 的 muscles well developed, 听力：教授说三个证据没法说明问题，我们不知道他们到底有没 speaking language反驳 1、会说话不只是脑袋大，还和 brain 里面各部分的 connection

17、有关等等；2、large bone 不一定会说话，举例：一种人（ or 动物）那个 bone 很大，但是不会说话；3、这个还和 running distance 有关，跑的远的就发达2、独立写作：In 20 years from now on, students will not use printed books anymore.2009年 3 月 28 日托福机经作文综合作文 . 某画中某女被认为是某位 17岁登基但登基后 9 天就被关进监狱的的 女王,（ 真可怜.） 理由为 1. 画中人物 17岁2.带了一个那个女王有的珠宝 3 手里拿的黄花代表她丈夫，还有一种啥花代表她丈夫的兄弟 .

18、教授反驳到1，她老师的信中说到 16 她登的基，不是 17 岁，2 那个珠宝当时很 popular ，只要是贵族就能带3， 那黄花不一定是代表她丈夫的黄花，也可能是 cowslip （黄花九轮草），这个 cowslip 没有任何象征意义的，并且那个代表她 丈夫兄弟的花的在 16 世纪是根本还没有代表丈夫兄弟的意思的 独立作文 do you agree or disagree teacher should make their social or political views known to students?我的模板综合写作The speaker questions the reasoni

19、ng that supports , andsubsequently, he raises serious counterarguments against the reading paragraph by providing drastically different evidences regarding , and (by undermining the assumption that) The lecturer beg ins by stati ng thatOn the con trary For example.As for , the speaker does not chall

20、enge the reading directly.Instead, he argues that Lastly, the arguerchalle nges the validity of the assumpti on ofTo put it more exact, The readi ng paragraph highlights , but asthe professor maintains, this assumption is a critical fallacy because In contrast, it is of utmost importanee that结论置后：1.

21、 全面直接挑论据 前提的有效性和正确性:The arguerchallenges thevalidity and correctness of the assumption of 例如： 节约父母的时间？Savi ng pare ns'me to read stories.The readi ngparagraph highlights th e ben efit of sav ing time, but as the professor maintains, this assumption is in short of legitmacy because the whole poin

22、t of reading stories is far beyond reading stories alone.2. 并不直接挑战论据，而是对reading的论证的充分性保持怀疑态度:As forthe speaker does not challenge the reading directly. In stead, he argues that the read ing would most probably tur ns out to be in effective and mislead ing in that it does not provide any solid in for

23、matio n concerning that. Actually, the readi ng fails to take intoacco unt thefactors in the an alysis.s logical flaw in assuming that3. 逻辑错误: He ide ntified the read inga) The argume nt is based on afalse an alogy. The arguer simply assumes that airplane mechanics and automobile maintenance crews p

24、erform many similar functions, but he does not provide any evidence that their fun cti ons are in deed comparable. As we know, the structure, operati on and fun cti on of airpla nes and those of automobiles differ con spicuously. It is true that both the airplane and the automobile need refueling an

25、d engine mai nte nan ce, but eve n here there exist fun dame ntal differe nces: the structure and the building materials of each other ' engines are different, so is the oil they use. Therefore, the comparison in this argume nt is not convincing and selective.b) the arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization . /Another pointworth con sideri ng is the arguer' s hasty gen eralizati on. We are in formedthat, but we do not know that. We can believe that, butbased on this slim information, we can never evaluate the overall performa nce of disco unt.4. 不正面反驳，