2019年北京市朝阳区高三英语二模试题-详细解析和翻译

1、2019年北京市朝阳区高三英语二模试题-详细解析和翻译北京市朝阳区高三二模 英语2019.5语法填空：共有三个文段，每个文段含3-4个空格，共 10个空格，考查动词时态、语态，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词从句，名词，形容词，介词等语法。作为新题型，本次练习延续了新题型不难”这一定律，甚至可以说非常简单。AMy trip to Paris was somemorable. First of all, the hotel was fantastic. It overlooked the Seine, thefamous river I _1_ (read) about in so many poem

2、s. We listened to the laughterof the children and watched the river run by _2_ (slow) below. Next,Montmartre was a wonderful place for painters. The air was filled with thesounds of happy people and the smell of paint. _3_ I e njoyed most were thecafes. There I had a cup of coffee and watched people

3、 on the street. Everyonehad a sense of style.我的巴黎之行令人难忘。首先，这家酒店很棒。它俯瞰塞纳河，那是我在许多诗歌中读到过的著名河流。我们听着孩子们的笑声，看着下面的河水慢慢地流过。其次，蒙马特高地对画家来说是 一个美妙的地方。空气中充满了快乐的人们的声音和油漆的味道。我最喜欢的是咖啡馆。在那里， 我喝了一杯咖啡，看着街上的人们。每个人都有自己的风格。BFootball is a popular sport with fans all over theworld. There is, however, an indoor version of t

4、he game _4_ (know) as “tablefootballIt “wa s invented in 1921 and people_5_(get) great pleasurefrom it since then. The game is play ed on a special table.Players control their"team" by turning sticks,to which the “players areattached. As in real football, _6_ (point) will be awarded when p

5、utting theball in the other players 'goal. Table football requires using hands and eyestogeth er excellently, which is really exciting.足球是一项受全世界球迷欢迎的运动。然而，有一种室内版本的足球被称为窠上足球”。它是1921年发明的，从那时起人们就从中得到了很大的乐趣。游戏是在一张特殊的桌子上进行的。玩家通 过转动木棍来控制他们的团队"，而 玩家”则依附在木棍上。就像在真正的足球比赛中一样，当你把球踢进其他球员的球门时，你会得到分数。桌上足球

6、需要双手和眼睛很好地配合，这是非常 令人兴奋的。CShark attacks can be deadly,but they are not common. Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than 10 peopleworldwide, and about 100 people _7_ (injure). You are more likely to beattacked in parts of the sea _8_ tourists throw in food to bring in sharks.However, people are dange

7、rous tosharks, too. 60million sharks are killed _9_food and medicine every year. As a result, some kinds of sharks may die out completely._10_(protect) these wonderful animals, some countries have made programs tohelpthem survive.鲨鱼袭击是致命的，但并不常见。在世界范围内，鲨鱼每年杀死的人通常不到10人，大约100人受伤。你更有可能在游客扔食物来吸引鲨鱼的海域受到攻击

8、。然而，人类对鲨鱼也是危险的。每年有六千万只鲨鱼被捕杀作为食物和药物。因此，一些种类的鲨鱼可能会完全灭绝。为了保护这 些奇妙的动物，一些国家制定了帮助它们生存的计划。第一节参考答案：语法填空(共 10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)1. had read ;2. slowly ;3. What ;4. known ;5. have got ;6. points ;7. are injured ;8. where ;9. for ;10. To protect ;第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题 1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

9、并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The sandwich man三明治的人Michael rises every morning at 4:00, in good and badweather, and walks into his sandwich shop.By 5:50, he ' s making the rounds ofthe shelters on Centre Streets. He _11_ out 200 sandwiches to the homeless,before beginning his workday.无论天气好坏，迈克尔每天早上4点起床，走进他的三明治店。5

10、点50分，他开始在中心大街上的避难所巡视。在开始工作之前，他给无家可归的人分发了200个三明治。It started 20 years ago when Michael came across ahomeless man named John. He began to helphim _12_ effort then. Day afterday, he brought John some food and, when it was really _13_, a resting placein his car while he worked. Once he asked John if he w

11、anted to get cleaned up.It was a(n) _14_ offer, because Michael thought John would refuse. _15_,John said,“Are you going to washme?' Michael knew that he was looking at a _16_of his promise. It was at the moment that Michael _17_ to help the homeless.Michael began his work. He received no sponso

12、rship,saying,ot getting mmcna _18_. I justwant to do some good in my way. Thereare days when it' s snowing, and I have a hard time leaving mywarm bed and the _19_of my family to go downtown with sandwiches. But I' ve _20_. ”Michael makes 200 sandwiches every day for the past 20years. "I

13、 don' tsimply _21_ the sandwiches on a table for the homeless topick up. I shake their hands and _22_ them a good day,“ says Michael. OnceMayor (市长)Koch came to make the rounds with him. They _23_the media, andit seemed like it was just the two of them. But of all Michael' s_24_, working sid

14、e by side with theMayor was not as important as workingnext to someone elseA man had _25_ from the sandwich takers, and Michaelthought about him from time to time. He hoped the man had moved on to a more _26_environment. One day, the man came back, greeting Michael and _27_ sandwichesof his own to h

15、and out. He said Michael' s daily food, warm handshakesandwishes had given him the _28_ he badly needed. After achieving some success,he decided to dothe same thing as Michael.The moment needed no _29_. The two men workedsilently, side by side, handing out their sandwiches. It was another day on

16、 CentreStreets, but a day with just a little more _30_.11.A. picksB. setsC. givesD.finds12.A. withB.aroundC.fromD.over13.A. sunnyB. warmC.cloudyD.cold14.A. sillyB.emptyC.crazyD.free15.A. FortunatelyB.DisappointedlyC. SurprisinglyD.Thankfully16.A. testB.giftC.trickD.view17.A. demandedB. agreedC.prete

17、ndedD. determined18.A. benefitB.attentionC.sympathyD.information19.A. comfortB. wealthC. valueD.honor20.A. sufferedB. hesitatedC.managedD.wondered21.A. checkB. layC.matchD.cover22.A. witnessB. predictC. followD.wish23.A. ignoredB. blamedC. confirmedD.handled24.A. situationsB.memoriesC. schedulesD. p

18、rofessions25.A. escapedB. volunteeredC. disappearedD.survived26.A. competitiveB. complexC.familiarD. stable27.A. carryingB. seekingC.occupyingD. treating28.A. responsibilityB. permissionC.encouragementD. achievement29.A. purposeB.dialogueC. reliefD. doubt30.A. luckB.funC. prideD. hope爱心三明治原文章来源与出处迈克

19、尔 渴攀里斯蒂亚诺在纽约市的一家法院供职。不论刮风下雨、阴晴冷暖，也不管是工作日还是节假日，他总会在每天早晨4点起床，走进自己的三明治作坊。不。他并非熟食店老板，那只是他家的私人厨房，里面摆放着各式三明治馅料。他做的三明治已经小有名气，不过只为那些极需靠它们抵御饥饿的人熟知。早晨5点50分，他往返于中心街和拉斐特街的临时漂泊汉之家，那一带靠近纽约市政厅。一会儿工夫，他已送出200只三明治，力求在上班前赞助尽可能多的漂泊汉，然后赶往法院开始一天的工作。一切始于20年前的一次善举，他为一个名叫约翰的漂泊汉买了杯咖啡和一只面包卷。从此，迈克尔日复一日地为约翰送去三明治、奶茶和衣物。最初，迈克尔只是想

20、做件好事。但有一天，一个声音在他脑海中响起。催促他采取进一步举动。迈克尔回忆道，我意识到自己身上有种使命，我信任它是我一切举动的内在动力。”迈克尔想到了制作三明治，就这样，他开始了自己的使命。他没有接受任何企业的援助，他说： 我并不是想发起什么能载入史册或吸引媒体眼球的慈善创举。我只是想尽自己微薄之力做些好事，日复一日地坚持下去。但这的确是我力所能及的：从今天做起，从我做起。”遇到滴水成冰的下雪天，我实在不愿离开暖和的被窝和舒适的家，去市区送三明治。可每当此刻，那个声音又会在心里不住地催促，令我不得不起身举动。”过去20年来，迈克尔每天都要做200只三明治。他解释说：我分发三明治的时候，不是单

21、单把它们摆在桌上让仁攀来拿。我会直视每个人，和他们握手，向他们送上一天的祝愿。每个人在我眼里都很首要。我没有把他们当成漂泊汉，我只把他们看作需要食物充饥的人，他们需要一个鼓励的微笑，需要人和人之间美好情感的交流与传递。”次，科赫市长跟我一起去派发三明治。他没有邀请媒体，就我们俩。”迈克尔说。与市长并肩工作固然难忘，但更令迈克尔难以忘记的，却是与另一个人的合作常来取用三明治的漂泊汉行列里少了一个熟识的身影，迈克尔常常惦记着他。他盼望这个人的处境已经好转。一天，这个人出现了。面貌焕然一新，穿着整洁、保暖的衣服，胡子刮得干洁净净，还带来了自己预备分发的三明治。迈克尔每天递送的新鲜食物、暖人心怀的握手

22、、眼神中传递的关爱和声声祝福给了这个人愿望和鼓励，这些正是他极为需要的。每天能感受到作为人的尊严，而不是被编入另册”，他的人生因此被改写了。此刻无需任何言语。两人肩并肩、默默无声地忙碌着，分送着他们的三明治。纽约街头又迎来了新的一天，所不同的是，这一天也承载了一份新的愿望。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A18 / 18正产 卬e till know il beet in Mt lii'nlihily, limiting our inikp M ,

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28、 ihdl you cart mi IriElh RhkIb vdlh less hdJlhy tival£t while 啜ill keeping wilhin (lie rrciMHnxtided tLih amHiMh.So hr irdinmied hotit your shopping with I-irirwnys' new hriillh-c onrimis lah，4冷!31. What is the advantage of Fineways' new foodlabels?A. They provide extra nutritionalinfor

29、mation.B. They warn customers aboutunhealthy foods.C. They show differentcustomers' nutritional needs.D. They remind customers ofthe harm of unbalanced nutrition.32. According to the passage, the new labellingsystem can help toA. reduce the amount of foodyou takeB. follow GDAs by mixingvarious f

30、oodsC. make your choice of moredelicious foodD. satisfy the growingdemands for nutrition33. Where is the passage mostprobably taken from?A.A dinner menu.B. Aresearch report.C. A fashionmagazine.D. An advicebrochure.BOpenwater swimmingOpenwater （开放水域）游泳I had only swum in open water a few times, and a

31、lwaysin gentle lakes, so I wasn' tprepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared ona cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured,and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was aboutto complete the challenge.Most of the people taking part

32、 were doing a one-milerace, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix ofopen-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginnerswhich isprecisely the aimof the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge.The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part

33、 in the two-mile race, alongsidea man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. Therewere over 600 people in my race. We were taken through an acclimatization area,a children' s paddzeg parolof the lake where we movedin to feel howcold the wat

34、er was." Nbotdtoo was everyone ' s thought! Then we headed outtowardsthe middle of the lake.Wd d been warned that the first 100 metres would bereally rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for thecalm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried tofo

35、cus on mybreathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m -to-gomark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talkingabout how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn' t work.I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I di

36、dnwant to stop, so I bentmy right knee and just kicked with the left leg.Finally I saw the finishing post, and I just concentratedon getting there still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 secondsbut that didn ' ihnatter The atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a senseof achiev

37、ement, whatever their time. I' rhooked, and want to give it anothergo. I ' ve already signed up for my next open -water swim.我只在开阔的水域游泳过几次，而且总是在温和的湖泊里游泳，所以我没有想到温德米尔湖会在 寒冷的日子里变得如此波涛汹涌。一位游泳者告诉我，水感觉比测量的要冷，而且水有点粗糙。但是我，和其他 10000个人，即将完成这个挑战。大多数参加比赛的人都在做一英里的比赛，周末计划了10场比赛。似乎有一群开放水域的爱好者和完整的初学者一一这正是游泳

38、的目的，让尽可能多的人完成他们自己的挑战。世界上年龄最大的女子77岁，参加了两英里的游泳比赛，和她一起参加比赛的还有一名男子，他去年参加了每一 英里的游泳比赛。我选择了今天的第三次一英里赛跑。有 600多人参加了我的比赛。我们被带到了一个适应环境的区域，这是一个儿童戏水池大小的湖的一部分，我们搬进来感受水有多冷。还不错”是每个人的想法！然后我们向湖中央走去。有人警告过我们，头 100米将极其艰难。然而，在 750米大关附近的某个地方，我还在等着这辆车;感觉更像是在海里游泳，而不是在湖里。我试着专注于我的呼吸和技巧，然后继续。当我接近400米远的戈马克时，我的右腿下部开始疼痛。我记得我无意中听到

39、人们谈论他们是如何在痛苦中坚持游泳的，所以我试了一下。但是没有成功。我开始感到整条腿又紧又痛。我不想停下来，所以我弯曲了右膝盖，用左腿踢了一脚。最后，我看到了终点，我只是集中注意力仍然是一条腿。我的结束时间是38分25秒，但这并不重要 一一气氛非常棒，每个人都感到了成就感，无论他们的时间。我上瘾了，想再试一次。我已经报名参加下一次的公开水域游泳。34. Howdid the author feel before the race?A. Scared of the most challenging race.B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions.

40、C. Concerned about the other swimmers in the race.D. Determined to be as tough as the people around her.35. Whydoes the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2?A. To stress the importance of the race.B. To praise the experienced swimmers.C. To show the wide range of the participants.D. To intro

41、duce the various events of the race.36. The authorsuggests in Paragraph 4 that.A. the race would cause breathing problemsB. the race became harder than she had expectedC. it was reallynecessary to prepare for tough swimsD. it would have been easier if she had taken others' advice37. Whatdoes the

42、 author talk about in the last paragraph?A. Her confidence in her own ability.B. Her pride in having swum so quickly.C. Her eagerness to repeat the experience.D. Her surprise at having managed to finish.CThe Alexander technique亚历山大技术Until earlier this year, I didn' t know anything about theAlexa

43、nder techniquend saw no reasonto think I should. One day, the backacheI regularly suffered was more painful. I was brought upto thinkthat thepreferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope they' ll go away,but I eventuallywent to the doctor. After examining me, he said, “You actual

44、lyhave bad posture （姿势）.Go off and learn the Alexander technique." ThreemonthrsI lcould walk straighter and sit better.The Alexander technique is away of learning how you can get rid of harmful tension in your body. Theteaching focuses on the neck, head and back. It trains you to use your bodyl

45、ess severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with lesseffort. There is little effort in the lessons themselves, which sets apart theAlexander technique from yoga or pilates, which are exercise -based. A typicallesson involves standing in front of a chair and learning to sit and s

46、tand withminimum effort. You spend some time lying on a bench with your knees bent tostraighten the spine （脊椎）and relax your body while the teacher moves yourarms and legs to train you to move them correctly.The technique helps to break the bad habits accumulatedover years. Try folding your arms the

47、 opposite way to normal. This is anexample of a habit the body has formed which can be hard to break. Many of us carryour heads too far back. The head weighs four to six kilos, so any inappropriateposture can cause problems for the body. The technique teaches you to let go ofthe muscles holding the

48、head back, allowing it to go back to its natural placeon the top of our spines.So who was Alexander and how did he come up with thetechnique? Frederick Alexande r, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in hisyouth that he had vocal （声音的）problems during performances. He analyzed himselfand realized

49、 his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellentresults. He brought his technique to London and opened a teacher-trainingschool, which is still successful today.So if you ' re walking along the road one day withshoulders bent forward, feeling weighed down by your troubles, give a

50、thoughtto the Alexander technique. It will help you walk tall again.直到今年早些时候，我对亚历山大技术一无所知，也没有理由认为我应该知道。有一天，我经常遭受的背痛更加痛苦。在我成长的过程中，我一直认为治疗疼痛最好的方法就是什么都不做，希望疼痛会消失，但我最终还是去看了医生。在检查了我之后，他说：你的姿势确实不好。去学亚历山大的技巧吧。三个月后，我可以走得更直，坐得更好。亚历山大法是一种学习如何摆脱体内有害紧张的方法。教学重点放在颈部、头部和背部。它训练你不那么严格地使用你的身体，并且以更少的努力完成我们一直在做的动作。这些课程

51、本身并没有付出多少努力，这使得亚历山大健身法有别于瑜伽或普拉提。典型的课程包括站在椅子前，用最少的努力学习坐和站。你花一些时间躺在长凳上，膝盖弯曲，伸直脊柱，放松身体，同时老师移动你的胳膊和腿，训练你正确地移动它们。这种方法有助于打破多年积累的坏习惯。试着用与平常相反的方式折叠手臂。这是身体形成的一种很难改掉的习惯。我们中的许多人都把脑袋抬得太远了。头部重4到6公斤，所以任何不合适的姿势都会给身体带来问题。这项技术教会你放松支撑头部的肌肉，让它回到脊柱顶端的自然位置。那么亚历山大是谁，他是怎么想出这种方法的呢？出生于1869年的澳大利亚演员弗雷德里克亚历山大(Frederick Alexand

52、er)年轻时发现自己在表演中有嗓音问题。他分析了自己，意识到自己的姿势不好。他努力改进，取得了优异的成绩。他把自己的技术带到伦敦，开办了一所教师培训学校，至今仍很成功。所以，如果有一天你走在路上，双肩前倾，感到烦恼的重压，想想亚历山大的技巧吧。它会帮助你重新站起来。38. What does the author suggestin Paragraph 1?A.She felt no better after the treatment.B.She got bored with the Alexander technique.C.She was sceptical about the doct

53、or' s method.D.She was unwilling to seek treatment for her backache.39. What is the principle of theAlexander technique?A.Physical tension shouldn ' t be completely relieved.B.The techn ique shouldn ' t be combined with other exercises.C.The practice of the technique shouldn' t be at

54、tempted alone.D.Familiar physical actions shouldn' t be done with much effort.40. What can we learn aboutFrederick Alexander?A.He managed to recover his vocal powers.B.He was eager to make a name for himself.C.He developed a form of exercise for actors.D.He had to leave home to develop his techn

55、ique.41. What is the main idea of thepassage?A.The occurrence of back pain is widespread.B.Alexander improved the technique to treat body pain.C.The Alexander technique helps overcome posture problems.D.People with back pain are victims of inappropriate postures.DDon' tput it off, do it now!不要拖延

56、，现在就做 ！Why do we spend so much time not doing the work we should do, or putting off small jobsthat have piled up to create a big problem? Procrastinating, as putting thingsoff like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; weavoid dull or difficult jobs until it' s too l

57、ate to do anelse.“Weoften put things off although we know it will make life more stressful,saysDr. Steel, anauthority on the science of motivation." If these tasks were fun,we' d just do them now. We put off wh<is difficult or unpleasant, such as thepaperwork that needs doing before leav

58、ing the office or cleaning the bits ofyour home that people can' t see. But the fact is, the less peopleprocrastinate, the more moneythey have, the better relationships they have,and the healthier they are." This is obvious when you l(at the couples whodon ' t argue about whether anyone has cleaned the kitchen, and the people whosimply go for a run instead of end