2019全国高考新课标1卷英语(解析版)纯Word版

1、2019全国高考新课标1卷英语（解析版）纯Word版普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）英 语第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下 一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B. 9.18.C. 9.15.答案是Co1. What d

2、oes the woman want to do?A. Find a place. B. Buy a map. C. Get an address.2. What will the man do for the woman?A. Repair her car.B. Give her a ride.C. Pick up her aunt.3. Who might Mr. Peterson be?A. A new professor.B. A department head.C. A company director.4. What does the man think of the book?A

3、. Quite difficult.B. Very interesting.C. Too simple.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. Weather.B. Clothes.C. News.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第 6至7题。6. Why is Harry u

4、nwilling to join the woman?A. He has a pain in his knee. B. He wants to watch TV. C. He is too lazy.7. What will the woman probably do next?A. Stay at home. B. Take Harry to hospital. C. Do some exercise.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. When will the man be home from work?A. At 5:45. B. At 6:15. C. At 6:50.9. Wher

5、e will the speakers go ?A. The Green House Cinema. B. The New State Cinema . C. The UME Cinema.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. How will the speaker go to New York?A. By air.B. By taxi. C. By bus.11. Why are the speakers making the trip?A. For business.B. For shopping.C. For holiday.12. What is the probable rel

6、ationship between the speakers?A. Driver and passengerB. Husband and wife.C. Fellow workers.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. In a classroom.14. What does John do now?A. He s a trainer. B. He s a toC. （Hade. s a college stud

7、ent.15. How much can a new person earn for the first year?A. $10,500. B. $ 12,000. C. $ 15,000.16. How many people will the woman hire?A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.听第10段材料，回答第 17至20题。17. How long has the speaker lived in a big city?A. One year.B. Ten years.C. Eighteen years.18. What is the speaker s op

8、inion on public transport?A. It s comfortable. B. It s t-isaving.C. It s cheap.19. What is good about living in a small town?A. It s safer. B. It s healthier. C. It s more convenient.20. What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most?A. Busy.B. ColourfulC. Quiet.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 60分）第一节 （共15小题；

9、每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites , even dares school students

10、 between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all

11、artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue,Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21 st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to th

12、e students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in celebration and brunch will be served.Between March 10 th and March 15h, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremo

13、ny and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at :http:/ .21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?A. School students.B. Cambridge locals.C. CSF winners.D. MIT artists.22. When will the prize-giving

14、ceremony be held?A. On February 8 th.B. On March 10 th.C. On March 15 thD. On April 21 st.23. What type of writing is this text?A .An exhibition guide.B. An art show review.C. An announcement.D. An official report.【考点】考察广告应用类阅读【文章大意】本文属于应用文中的通知，主要介绍了The Cambridge Science Festival CuriosityChallenge剑

15、桥科技节的很多信息，介如活动的流程，时间节点等。21.【答案】A【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第一段2,3行The challenge invites , even dares school studentsbetween the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world.可知这个活动主要的参加对象是学校里的学生。故 A正确。 22.【答案】D【试题解析】 细节题。根据文章第三段 St

16、udents who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honor at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st.可知进入挑战赛的并获奖的同学将在4月21日的颁奖典礼上接受颁奖。故 D正确。23【答案】.C【试题解析】 推理题。本文主要介绍了 The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge 剑桥科 技节的很多信息，属于应用文中的通知。也就是让别人知道这件重大活动的情况。故C

17、正确。长长难句解析】Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21 st.【翻译】进入Curiosity Challenge并被选为获胜者的学生将会在4月21日一个特别的仪式上被授奖。【分析】 本句中含有一个定语从句who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners ,修饰先行词stud

18、ents。这个定语从句中的谓语部分是有and连接的两个并列的动词短语。BPassenger pigeons 窿鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks （ 群）so large that they the sky for hours.It was calculated that when it population reached its highest point ,t

19、hey were more than 3billlion passenger pigeons a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 m

20、iles （about 515 kilometers） long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birdswere most abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands, Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings w

21、ith grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century ,the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by American

22、 s need for wood, which scaBeredthe flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but b

23、y then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wi pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time , a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoologica

24、l Garden on September 1,1914.24. In the 18 th and early 19teh centuries, passenger pigeons.A. were the biggest bird in the worldB. lived mainly in the south of AmericaC. did great harm to the natural environmentD. were the largest bird population in the Us25. The underlined word undoing probably ref

25、ers to the pigeons .A. escapeB. ruin C. liberation D. evolution26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?A. To seek pleasure.B. To save other birds.C. To make money.D. To protect crops.27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?A. It was ignored by the public.B. I

26、t was declared too late.C. It was unfair.D. It was strict.【考点】考察历史知识类阅读【文章大意】本文主要讲述的是美国历史上鸽子曾经是最多的鸟类，但是人们不加控制的捕杀让鸽子的数量迅速减少，虽然很多地方都采取了措施，但是效果仍然不明显。24 .【答案】D【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第一段3,4 行 It was calculated that when it population reached itshighest point ,they were more than 3bi川ion passenger pigeons a number

27、 equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. 可 知鸽子在当时是美国数量最多的鸟类。故 D正确。25 .【答案】B【试题解析】 推理题。根据文章第二段3,4 行 there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by thethousands, Commercial hunters attracted them to small

28、clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. 可知很多鸽子者 B 被捕捉并 杀死卖往餐厅。所以该词应该是指鸽子遇见了毁灭性的打击。故B正确。26 .【答案】C【试题解析】推理题。根据第二段最后一句The birds were shipped to large cities and sold inrestaurants.可知鸽子被捕捉并背运往大城市卖给了各个餐厅，说明人们捕捉鸽子是为了挣钱。故C正

29、确。27 .【答案】B【试题解析】 推理题。根据本段第二行but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10years. The last confirmed wi pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900.可知虽然制定了法律，但是十年以后还没有看见成规模的很多的鸽子，说明这部法律的发 行已经晚了。故 B正确。长长难句解析】1 .when it population reached its highest p

30、oint ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pigeons a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.【翻译】当鸽子的数量到达顶峰的时候，有超过 30亿只，这个数字是美国所有的鸟类的百分之 20-40,让鸽子成为世界上数量最多的鸟。【分析】本节中获得 when引导的是一个时间状语从句。同时句中的现在分词短语mak

31、ing it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world 充当的是结果状语，表示意料之中的结果。当鸽子的数量达到了 30亿只，毫无疑问它是世界上数量最多的鸟。不定式做结果状语时，常常表示意料之外的结果。2 . In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.【翻译】在1897年，密西

32、根州通过了一项法律，禁止人们捕杀鸽子。但是十年以后在这个州也 没有看见大规模的鸽群。【分析】本句中的现在分词短语prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons作为定语修饰名词alaw；因为动词prohibite与名词a law之间构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词做定语。后半句中 的by then中的by到时，经常与完成时连用，如果与过去的时间连用，则使用过去完成时。本 题中的then是过去的试卷，所以后面使用了had been。CA typical lion tamer （驯兽师） in people s minOirisentertainer hold

33、ing a whip（ 鞭）at a chair.The whip gets all of the attention, but it s mostly for show. In reality, it the chair that does thimportant work. When a lion tamer holds a chair n front of the lion s face, the lion tries to focus on allfour legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the l

34、ion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve （e.g. los

35、e weight., start a business, travel more） only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is been the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of t

36、he conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we cant focususediorwee wrong thinfoc and so wetake less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.It doesn t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All

37、 you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something youwant to accomplish, someone you want to become take immediate action. If you t where re clear abouyou wan

38、t to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?A. To trick the lion.B. To show off his skills.C. To get ready for a fight.D. To entertain the audience.29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A. They fe

39、el puzzled over choices.B. They hold on to the wrong things.C. They find it hard to make changes.D. They have to do something for show30. What is the author itudestowtards the expert mentioned in Paragraph3?A. Tolerant.B. Doubtful.C. Respectful.D. Supportive.31. When the world is“waving a chair in y

40、our face , you re advised toA. wait for a better chanceB. break your old habitsC. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance 【考点】考察社会生活类阅读 【文章大意】本文通过驯兽师驯狮子的时候把椅子放在狮子前面引起讨论，当我们人类面对很多选择时候，我们应该怎么做。在文章中作者建议我们遇见这种情况，要离开采取行动。28 .【答案】A【试题解析】 推理题。根据文章第一段最后一句When faced with so many options, the lion cho

41、osesto freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.可知把椅子放在狮子前面的时候，狮子被椅子的四条腿迷惑住了，不知道该攻击那一个。所以椅子起着迷惑狮子的作用。故A正确。29 .【答案】A【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第二段How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g.lose weight., start a business, travel more) only to end up confused by all of the option

42、s in front of you and never make progress?可知当我们面临着很多选择的时候，我们也会很困惑，不知道该选 择哪一种。这一点和面对椅子的狮子是相似的。故 A正确。30 .【答案】B【试题解析】推理题。根据第三段 The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that we refocused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be i

43、mproving.说明作者对于专家有怀疑，因为我们最后采取的行动较少，取得的进步也 小。故B正确。31【答案】.C【试题解析】推理题。根据文章最后一段2,3行All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You justneed to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. 可知当我们面对多种选择的时候，我们需要的只是立刻采取行动。故 C正确。长长难句解析】1 .The whip gets all of the atten

44、tion, but it s mostly for show. In reality, it is the chair that does theimportant work.【翻译】驯兽师的鞭子引起了人们的注意，但这只是为了表演。实际上，起着重要作用的是椅子。【分析】本句中含有一个强调句it is the chair that does the important work.。强调的是句子的主语the chair。强调句的用法及判断，一般说来，如果把句子中的It is/was tha掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整的句子，并且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句型，否则为其他从句，我们应熟记这些基本规

45、则。2 . Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focuson one thing,【翻译】任何时候你发现你的面前有椅子在挥动的时候，请记住这一点：你需要的是集中注意力 于一件事情。【分析】本句中的anythime引导的是一个时间状语从句，后面的remember引导的祈使句是主语。要特别注意 All you need to do is focus on one thing,中在is的后面省略了 to。当主语中含有动词do的某种形式时，表语中不定式

46、的to可以省略。D.As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Education

47、al , Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations _UNESCO and National Geographic among them have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Cen

48、tre Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raisi

49、ng a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China . But he is not content to simply record these voices before th

50、ey disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials-including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now, through the two organizations that he has founded

51、4he Digital Himalaya Project and theWorld Oral Literature Project _Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, for the world available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the w

52、idely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.32. Many scholars are making efforts to.A. promote global languagesB. rescue disappearing languagesC. search for language communities D. set up language research organizations.33. Wha

53、t does a that tradition in Paragraph 3 refer to ?A. Having full records of the languagesB. Writing books on language teaching.C. Telling stories about language usersD. Living with the native speaker.34. What is Turin s book based on?A. The cultual studiesB. The documents available at Yale.C. His lan

54、guage research in Bhutan.D. His personal experience in Nepal.35. Which of the following best describe Turin s work?A. Write, sell and donate.B. Record, repair and reward.C. Collect, protect and reconnect. D. Design, experiment and report.【考点】考察文化教育类阅读【文章大意】本文告诉我们世界上有很多语言和文化即将消失，有很多学者正在努力保护这些文化，如Mark

55、 Turin。他们收集，整理这些文化有关的材料，运用现代电子技术进行保存或保护等 等。32 .【答案】B【试题解析】 细节题。根据第二段 2,3 彳亍 have for many years been documenting dying languages andthe cultures they reflect.可知很多学者正在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。以防止这些语言和文化永远地消失。他们在挽救这些文化。故 C正确。33 .【答案】A【试题解析】 推理题。根据文章第二段have for many years been documenting dying languages andthe

56、cultures they reflect.可知很多学者正在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。以防止这些语言和文化永远地消失。而 Mark Turin正在following in that tradition（追随这样的传统）。所以这里的It就是指前面一段里的学者在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。故A正确。34 .【答案】D【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第三段中的grows out of his experience living, working, and raisinga family in a village in Nepal.这本书的内容出自他在尼泊尔生活，工作以及抚养家人的经历。说明这本书是

57、以他的个人经历为基础的。故D正确。35 .【答案】C【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第四段Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just astarting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China .他一直都在收集这些材料；根据文章第五段which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection 可知他在努力这些材料。再根据文章最后段 the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities 可矢口 C项说法是正确的。长长难句解析】1.In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world t