arm汇编指令笔记

1、ARM assembler guideDUI0068是一个RISC指令结构，因为有一个加载存储结构。只有load和store可以读取内存。ARM的处理器模式可以全部大写或小写，不能混标志符表示一个地址常量的定义格式：1230x1C2_1001ARM编译、链接后最终生成一个ELF格式（Executable and Linking Format）的可执行文件（后缀.axf）ELF中是分section部分的，一个ELF section在汇编中定义一个section使用AREA指令。ENTRY指令指示汇编代码第一条要执行的指令。start是一个标识符，代表一个地址。结束的方式是产生一个软件中断，把控制

2、权交给调试器。END指令指示汇编的结束使用cmd进行调试：(C) 版权所有 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.C:Documents and SettingsAdministrator>cd D:Program FilesARMADSv1_2BinC:Documents and SettingsAdministrator>D;'D' 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序或批处理文件。C:Documents and SettingsAdministrator>D:D:Program FilesARMADSv1_2Bin>armsd E:d

3、sparmpxa270projectarmex_image.axfARM Source-level Debugger, ADS1.2 Build 805Software supplied by: Team-EFAARMulator ADS1.2 Build 805Software supplied by: Team-EFAARM7TDMI, BIU, Little endian, Semihosting, Debug Comms Channel, 4GB, Mapfile,Timer, Profiler, Tube, Millisecond 20000 cycles_per_milliseco

4、nd, Pagetables,IntCtrl, Tracer, RDI CodesequencesObject program file E:dsparmpxa270projectarmex_image.axfarmsd: helphelp <keyword>Display help information on one of the following commands:Registers Fpregisters Coproc CRegisters CREGDefCWrite Step Istep Examine ListQuit Obey Go Break UnbreakWat

5、ch UNWatch Print CONtext OUtIN WHere BAcktrace Variable SYmbolsLSym LEt Arguments LAnguage HelpType CAll WHIle ALias LOadLOG RELoad REAdsyms FInd PUtfileGEtfile LOCalvar COMment PAuse LOADConfigSElectconfig LISTConfig LOADAgent PROfon PROFOFfPROFClear PROFWrite CCin CCOut PROCessorSYS SETregister TR

6、acetrigger TRACEExtent TRACEWriteTRACEStart TRACESTOp TRACEFlushHELP * gives helps on all available commands. To print the help use the LOGcommand to record the help output into a file & print the file.If the first character of a line is the '!' character the rest of the commandline is e

7、xecuted by a call to system(). If the first character of a line isthe '|' character the rest of the line is a treated as a comment.Note that this help is not intended to replace the printed manual whichexplains ARMSD in much greater detail.armsd: LOG* Error: No log filearmsd: stepStep comple

8、ted at PC = 0x00008004 0x00008004: 0xe3a01003 . : mov r1,#3armsd: Register r0 = 0x0000000a r1 = 0x00000000 r2 = 0x00000000 r3 = 0x00000000 r4 = 0x00000000 r5 = 0x00000000 r6 = 0x00000000 r7 = 0x00000000 r8 = 0x00000000 r9 = 0x00000000 r10 = 0x00000000 r11 = 0x00000000 r12 = 0x00000000 r13 = 0x000000

9、00 r14 = 0x00000000 pc = 0x00008004 cpsr = %nzcvqIFt_SVC spsr = %nzcvqift_Reserved_00armsd: stepStep completed at PC = 0x00008008 0x00008008: 0xe0800001 . : add r0,r0,r1armsd: Register r0 = 0x0000000a r1 = 0x00000003 r2 = 0x00000000 r3 = 0x00000000 r4 = 0x00000000 r5 = 0x00000000 r6 = 0x00000000 r7

10、= 0x00000000 r8 = 0x00000000 r9 = 0x00000000 r10 = 0x00000000 r11 = 0x00000000 r12 = 0x00000000 r13 = 0x00000000 r14 = 0x00000000 pc = 0x00008008 cpsr = %nzcvqIFt_SVC spsr = %nzcvqift_Reserved_00armsd: stepStep completed at PC = 0x0000800c 0x0000800c: 0xe3a00018 . : mov r0,#0x18armsd: LOG* Error: No

11、 log filearmsd: Register r0 = 0x0000000d r1 = 0x00000003 r2 = 0x00000000 r3 = 0x00000000 r4 = 0x00000000 r5 = 0x00000000 r6 = 0x00000000 r7 = 0x00000000 r8 = 0x00000000 r9 = 0x00000000 r10 = 0x00000000 r11 = 0x00000000 r12 = 0x00000000 r13 = 0x00000000 r14 = 0x00000000 pc = 0x0000800c cpsr = %nzcvqI

12、Ft_SVC spsr = %nzcvqift_Reserved_00armsd: stepStep completed at PC = 0x00008010 0x00008010: 0xe59f1000 . : ldr r1,0x00008018 ; = #0x00020026armsd: Register r0 = 0x00000018 r1 = 0x00000003 r2 = 0x00000000 r3 = 0x00000000 r4 = 0x00000000 r5 = 0x00000000 r6 = 0x00000000 r7 = 0x00000000 r8 = 0x00000000

13、r9 = 0x00000000 r10 = 0x00000000 r11 = 0x00000000 r12 = 0x00000000 r13 = 0x00000000 r14 = 0x00000000 pc = 0x00008010 cpsr = %nzcvqIFt_SVC spsr = %nzcvqift_Reserved_00armsd: stepStep completed at PC = 0x00008014 0x00008014: 0xef123456 V4. : swi 0x123456armsd: Register r0 = 0x00000018 r1 = 0x00020026

14、r2 = 0x00000000 r3 = 0x00000000 r4 = 0x00000000 r5 = 0x00000000 r6 = 0x00000000 r7 = 0x00000000 r8 = 0x00000000 r9 = 0x00000000 r10 = 0x00000000 r11 = 0x00000000 r12 = 0x00000000 r13 = 0x00000000 r14 = 0x00000000 pc = 0x00008014 cpsr = %nzcvqIFt_SVC spsr = %nzcvqift_Reserved_00armsd: stepProgram ter

15、minated normally at PC = 0x00008014 0x00008014: 0xef123456 V4. : swi 0x123456armsd: Register r0 = 0x00000018 r1 = 0x00020026 r2 = 0x00000000 r3 = 0x00000000 r4 = 0x00000000 r5 = 0x00000000 r6 = 0x00000000 r7 = 0x00000000 r8 = 0x00000000 r9 = 0x00000000 r10 = 0x00000000 r11 = 0x00000000 r12 = 0x00000

16、000 r13 = 0x00000000 r14 = 0x00000000 pc = 0x00008014 cpsr = %nzcvqIFt_SVC spsr = %nzcvqift_Reserved_00armsd: quitQuittingD:Program FilesARMADSv1_2Bin>使用armsd调试有点像微机原理上调试汇编，爽！MOV叫指令，常数范围是0-255LDR叫伪指令都是将常数放到Reg中#和FIELD指令是一样的符号在汇编程序中代表一个地址，可以用在指令中，汇编程序经过汇编器的处理之后，所有的符号都被替换成它所代表的地址值。DCD（&）：分配一段字内

17、存单元用于分配一段字内存单元，与&同义。在中断向量表中不直接LDR PC,"异常地址".而是使用一个标号,然后再在后面使用DCD定义这个标号，其原因是：LDR 指令只能跳到当前PC 4kB 范围内,而B 指令能跳转到32MB 范围,而现在这样在LDR PC, "xxxx"这条指令不远处用"xxxx"DCD 定义一个字,而这个字里面存放最终异常服务程序的地址,这样可以实现4GB 全范围跳转。BaseOfROMDCD|Image$RO$Base|EQU（*）：相当于C里面的#define一个常数LTORG汇编编译器在每个代码段的最后对当前的文字池进行编译，而代码段是以下一个段的AREA结束，或以汇编的结束为结束。有时文字池会超出LDR等指令的作用范围，所以，在非条件跳转和子函数返回时用一个LTORGSPACE（%）：分配零空间2.10 Des