国家激流队运动员全程速度结构特征及成因分析

1、国家激流队运动员全程速度结构特征及成因分析    国家激流队运动员全程速度结构特征及成因分析 The Characterics of China Canoe Slalom National Team Athletes' Full-course Distance Speed Structure and the Reasons of Them【中文摘要】 在我国,皮划艇激流回旋项目处于发展上升期;但我国运动员与世界优秀选手相比较,还有具有一定的差距。本研究针对我国国家激流队运动员全程速度结构,对国家激流队教练员以及运动员进行了访谈,并应用Dartfi

2、sh运动对比分析软件对我国皮划艇激流回旋国家队运动员与世界优秀皮划艇激流回旋运动员比赛及训练录像进行对比分析。本研究通过对各个段落的完成速度、桨数、技术的对比分析,阐明了我国皮划艇激流回旋国家队运动员全程速度结构特征,并提出了相应的优化对策。本研究得出以下结论:(1)本研究通过分析收集的录象资料以及对国家激流队教练员、运动员进行访谈得出:激流回旋比赛全程速度结构根据通过水门方向与水流的关系可以分为逆水门完成速度以及顺水划行速度;根据水门与水门之间的组合关系,分成完成组合门(combination gates)速度因素与顺水直划速度因素;根据线路完成时间前后顺序以及难点分布等,分为前半程完成速度

3、因素与后半程速度因素。(2)本研究根据对比发现,国家激流队运动员完成逆水门速度明显慢于世界优秀选手;完成逆水门所用桨数高于国外优秀选手。顺水划行段已达到世界优秀选手水平,桨数与世界优秀选手一致(3)本研究根据对比发现,我国国家激流队运动员组合门完成速度慢于国外优秀选手,所用桨数明显高于国外优秀选手;顺水直划段速度已经达到世界优秀选手水平,所用桨数少于国外优秀选手。(4)与世界优秀选手相比,我国国家激流队运动员前半程速度已达到世界优秀选手水平,但是完成前半程线路的逆水门、组合门时,技术应用不合理,借助水流的能力不强,导致体能消耗过大;与世界优秀选手相比,我国国家激流队运动员后半程速度下降幅度较大

4、、失误率升高,尤其是完成后半程逆水门、组合门时。同时,由于前半程不合理体能消耗,导致后半程速度难以提高. 【英文摘要】 Canoe Slalom is developing in China.However,ur players still have some gaps compared with the outstanding players in the world.The paper analyzes and compares the national players of our country with the outstanding players in the world by

5、using Dartfish comparative analysis software.By analyzing and comparing the finishing speed,the number of paddle and the skill of every part,the study sums up China canoe slalom national team players' speed structure of the whole distance and makes the conclusions as follows:(1) By analyzing the

6、 collected veidos and interviewing the coaches and the athletes of national team,the whole speed structure of canoe slalom competition is divided into the speed of going through upstream gates and the speed of going through downstream gates according to the direction of going through the gates.Accor

7、ding to the relationship between the gates,it is divided into the speed of finifhing all combination gates and the downstream speed.According to the sequence of finishing the routine and the distribution of difficulties,it is divided into the speed of first half and the speed of second half.(2) By c

8、omparison,there is no obvious gap between our players and the outstanding players in the world in the aspect of downstream speed.But our players are not able to distribute the energy,use the right skills reasonablly and the ability to follow the current is not good.As a result, they consume too much

9、 energy in this part.After excessive consumption of energy,they can not slow down and buffer in front of the upstream gates and can not follow the current correctly and speed up when the canoe goes through the gates.Therefore,the speed of upstream is too slow.(3) According to the relationship betwee

10、n the gates,it is divided into the speed of finishing all combination gates and the downstream speed. In the downstream part,our national players is as good as the outstanding players in the world.However,they can not choose the right paddle points and right time to paddle and arrange the energy rea

11、sonablly which results in excessive consumption of energy.In the part of combination gates, the national team players can not use the right skills and follow the current correctly,they consume the energy excessively.The speed is slower than the outstanding player in the world obviously.(4) According

12、 to the sequence of finishing the routine and the distribution of difficulties,it is divided into the speed of first half and the speed of second half.Compared with the outstanding players,our players' first half speed is as good as them.But they can not use the skills correcly and follow the cu

13、rrent when go through the upstream gates and combination gates in the first half.As a result,they consume the energy excessively.In the second half,our players' speed slow down too much and make too many mistakes,especially when they go through the downstream gates and combination gates in the s

14、econd half.As a result, it is difficult for our players to speed up in the second half because of the excessive consumption in the first half.  【中文关键词】 皮划艇激流回旋项目; 全程速度结构; 特征; 成因分析 【英文关键词】 Canoe slalom; the speed structure of whole distance; characteristics; the analysis of reasons 摘要 5-6 ABSTRA

15、CT 6-7 1 前言 10-11 2 文献综述 11-17     2.1 国内外关于速度的研究 11-14         2.1.1 国外关于速度结构的研究 11-12         2.1.2 国内关于速度的研究 12-14     2.2 关于激流回旋项目的研究 14-17     2.3 小结 17 3 研究对象、方法与步骤 17-21  &#

16、160;  3.1 研究对象及调查对象 17-19         3.1.1 研究对象 17-18         3.1.2 调查对象 18-19     3.2 研究方法 19-20         3.2.1 文献资料法 19         3.2.2 访谈法 19 &

17、#160;       3.2.3 录像分析法 19-20         3.2.4 实地观察法 20         3.2.5 数理统计法 20     3.3 研究步骤 20-21         3.3.1 收集录像资料 20-21     

18、0;   3.3.2 选取指标,并根据指标整理数据 21         3.3.3 对比分析 21         3.3.4 速度结构特征分析 21 4 结果与分析 21-54     4.1 逆水门完成速度结构特征及成因分析 22-35         4.1.1 国内运动员在逆水门完成速度对比分析 22-25         4.1.2 国家激流队运动员与世界优秀运动员逆水门完成速度对比分析 25-33         4.1.3 逆水门完成速度特征形成原因分析 33-35     4.2 组合门段及顺水直划段结速度结构特征及成因分析 35-45 &#