MFC下OpenGL入门

1、MFC下OpenGL入门源文件1， 建一工程文件，我这里命名为first，现在first工程里面我们没有添加任何东西，所有的东西都是MFC自动帮我们创建的。2， 添加链接库。这一步很关键。打开菜单栏下的项目->属性->配置属性->链接器->输入->附加依赖项里加入OpenGL32.lib GLu32.lib GLaux.lib，如图 3， 加头文件，在stdafx里面添加opengl的头文件。如下代码所示：/-Tramp-添加OpenGL库头文件->#include "stdio.h"#i

2、nclude "math.h"#include "glgl.h"#include "glglu.h"#include "glglaux.h"/-<代码   4， CCY457OpenGLView类的属性栏，为下述消息加入消息处理函数：WM_CREATE (for OnCreate), WM_DESTROY (for OnDestroy), WM_SIZE (for OnSize), WM_ERASEBACKGROUND (for

3、OnEraseBkground).如下图：    5， 设置窗口显示风格。窗口创建之前我们必须设置窗口风格包含WS_CLIPCHILDREN和 WS_CLIPSIBLINGS，从而避免OpenGL绘制到其他窗口中去。这些应该放在PreCreateWindow()中。 BOOL CfirstView:PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs) / TODO: 在此处通过修改 / CREATESTRUCT cs

4、0;来修改窗口类或样式 cs.style |= WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_CLIPCHILDREN;/Tramp return CView:PreCreateWindow(cs);代码  6， 在CfirstView.h中加入如下语句：      /*/    /* 设置的变量是Rendering Context(着色描述表)。每一个OpenGL都被连接到一个着 

5、;   色描述表上。着色描述表将所有的OpenGL调用命令连接到Device Context(设备描述表)上。    我将OpenGL的着色描述表定义为hRC 。要让您的程序能够绘制窗口的话，还需要创建一个    设备描述表，也就是第二行的内容。Windows的设备描述表被定义为hDC 。DC将窗口连接到    GDI(Graphics Device Interface图形设备接口)。而RC将OpenGL连接到DC   

6、60;                                                  &#

7、160;              */    /*/    HGLRC m_hRC;    /Rendering Context着色描述表    CDC* m_pDC;        /Device

8、 Context设备描述表    BOOL InitializeOpenGL();    /Initialize OpenGL    BOOL SetupPixelFormat();    /Set up the Pixel Format    void RenderScene();       &

9、#160;    /Render the Scene 7， 在OnCreate中我们将通过建立像素格式和绘制上下文来初始化OpenGL. 在InitializeOpenGL()中会创建一个设备上下文(DC)，为这个DC选择一个像素格式，创建和这个DC相关的绘制上下文（RC）,然后选择这个RC.这个函数会调用SetupPixelFormat()来建立像素格式。int Clesson1View:OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct) if (CVie

10、w:OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) = -1)      return -1;  / TODO: 在此添加您专用的创建代码 InitializeOpenGL();/初始化openGL绘图  return 0;     /初始化opengl绘制BOOL CfirstView:InitializeOpenGL()    /Get a DC fo

11、r the Client Area    m_pDC = new CClientDC(this);    /Failure to Get DC    if(m_pDC = NULL)            /:MessageBox("Error Obtaining DC");  

12、      return FALSE;        /Failure to set the pixel format    if(!SetupPixelFormat()            return FALSE;     /Create Renderi

13、ng Context m_hRC = :wglCreateContext (m_pDC->GetSafeHdc (); /Failure to Create Rendering Context if(m_hRC = 0)       / MessageBox("Error Creating RC");      return FALSE; &

14、#160;/Make the RC Current if(:wglMakeCurrent (m_pDC->GetSafeHdc (), m_hRC)=FALSE)       / MessageBox("Error making RC Current");      return FALSE;  /Specify Black as the clear color

15、 :glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f); /Specify the back of the buffer as clear depth :glClearDepth(1.0f); /Enable Depth Testing :glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); return TRUE; /设置像素格式BOOL CfirstView:SetupPixelFormat() static PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd

16、 =       sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), / size of this pfd      1,                           &#

17、160;  / version number      PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |            / support window      PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL |         

18、0;  / support OpenGL      PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER,                / double buffered      PFD_TYPE_RGBA,         

19、         / RGBA type      24,                             / 24-bit color depth &

20、#160;    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,               / color bits ignored      0,                   &#

21、160;          / no alpha buffer      0,                              / shif

22、t bit ignored      0,                              / no accumulation buffer      0, 0, 0, 0, &#

23、160;                   / accum bits ignored      16,                     &#

24、160;       / 16-bit z-buffer      0,                              / no stencil buffer 

25、;     0,                              / no auxiliary buffer      PFD_MAIN_PLANE,   &#

26、160;             / main layer      0,                             

27、; / reserved      0, 0, 0                         / layer masks ignored  int m_nPixelFormat = :ChoosePixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafe

28、Hdc(), &pfd); if ( m_nPixelFormat = 0 )       return FALSE;  if ( :SetPixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), m_nPixelFormat, &pfd) = FALSE)       return FALSE;  

29、;return TRUE; 8， 在OnSize()中一般用来设置视口和视锥，因为这些是和窗口大小相关的。基本操作包括设置视口，选择投影矩阵，设置模型视图矩阵。void CfirstView:OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy) CView:OnSize(nType, cx, cy);  / TODO: 在此处添加消息处理程序代码 GLdouble aspect_ratio; / wi

30、dth/height ratio  if ( 0 >= cx | 0 >= cy )       return;  / select the full client area :glViewport(0, 0, cx, cy); / compute the aspect ratio / this will keep all dimension scales equal

31、0;aspect_ratio = (GLdouble)cx/(GLdouble)cy; / select the projection matrix and clear it :glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); :glLoadIdentity(); / select the viewing volume :gluPerspective(45.0f, aspect_ratio, .01f, 200.0f);/画三维 /:gluOrtho2D(-10.0f, 10.0f, -10.0f, 10.

32、0f);    /二维   / switch back to the modelview matrix and clear it :glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); :glLoadIdentity(); 9， 在绘制场景时，一般包括如下步骤：1）清空缓存。2）绘制场景。3）Flush掉渲染流水线。4）若设置了双缓冲，则交换前后台缓冲区。void CfirstView:OnDraw(CDC* /*pDC*/) CfirstDoc* pD

33、oc = GetDocument(); ASSERT_VALID(pDoc); if (!pDoc)      return;  / TODO: 在此处为本机数据添加绘制代码 / Clear out the color & depth buffers :glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT ); RenderScen

34、e();/绘图都放在这 / Tell OpenGL to flush its pipeline :glFinish(); / Now Swap the buffers :SwapBuffers( m_pDC->GetSafeHdc() ); 10，              为了使改变窗口大小时严重的闪烁，在OnEraseBkgnd里做一些操作，避免windows自己的窗口刷新闪烁。BOOL

35、 CfirstView:OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC)/ TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值 return TRUE;11，              为了避免内存泄露，我们要将在SetupPixelFormat（）中使用了new运算符来为CClientDC对象分配的内存在程序关闭时delete掉。 void CfirstView:OnDestroy()&

36、#160;   CView:OnDestroy();     / TODO: 在此处添加消息处理程序代码    /Make the RC non-current    if(:wglMakeCurrent (0,0) = FALSE)            MessageBox(_T("C

37、ould not make RC non-current");         /Delete the rendering context    if(:wglDeleteContext (m_hRC)=FALSE)            MessageBox(_T("Could not delete RC"); &#

38、160;      /Delete the DC    if(m_pDC)            delete m_pDC;        /Set it to NULL    m_pDC = NULL; 12，   &

39、#160;  下面写主绘图函数，RenderScene(),在窗口画了一个正方体、一个四面体。 void CfirstView:RenderScene()    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); / Clear Screen And Depth Buffer    glLoadIdentity();      

40、0;                            / Reset The Current Modelview Matrix    glTranslatef(-1.5f,0.0f,-6.0f);      

41、60;              / Move Left 1.5 Units And Into The Screen 6.0    glRotatef(30,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                   &

42、#160;   / Rotate The Triangle On The Y axis ( NEW )    glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);                              / Start

43、Drawing A Triangle    glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);                      / Red    glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);       

44、;           / Top Of Triangle (Front)    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                      / Green   &

45、#160;glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Left Of Triangle (Front)    glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);             

46、60;        / Blue    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Right Of Triangle (Front)    glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);

47、0;                     / Red    glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);                  / Top

48、 Of Triangle (Right)    glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);                      / Blue    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);      &#

49、160;           / Left Of Triangle (Right)    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                      / Green  

50、60; glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f);                 / Right Of Triangle (Right)    glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);             

51、60;        / Red    glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);                  / Top Of Triangle (Back)    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); &#

52、160;                    / Green    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f);                 / Left Of Tr

53、iangle (Back)    glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);                      / Blue    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f);       &#

54、160;         / Right Of Triangle (Back)    glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);                      / Red    glVer

55、tex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);                  / Top Of Triangle (Left)    glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);               

56、60;      / Blue    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);                  / Left Of Triangle (Left)    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);   

57、                   / Green    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Right Of Triang

58、le (Left)    glEnd();                                           &

59、#160;/ Done Drawing The Pyramid     glLoadIdentity();                                   / Reset The

60、Current Modelview Matrix    glTranslatef(1.5f,0.0f,-7.0f);                      / Move Right 1.5 Units And Into The Screen 7.0    glRotatef(25,1.0f,1.

61、0f,1.0f);                   / Rotate The Quad On The X axis ( NEW )    glBegin(GL_QUADS);                

62、                  / Draw A Quad    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                     

63、60;/ Set The Color To Green    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);                  / Top Right Of The Quad (Top)    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);    

64、0;             / Top Left Of The Quad (Top)    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Bottom Left Of The Quad (Top

65、)    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Bottom Right Of The Quad (Top)    glColor3f(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f);         &

66、#160;            / Set The Color To Orange    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Top Right Of The Quad (Bottom)

67、0;   glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Top Left Of The Quad (Bottom)    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);         

68、60;        / Bottom Left Of The Quad (Bottom)    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);                  / Bottom Right Of The Quad (Bottom)   

69、 glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);                      / Set The Color To Red    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);          

70、        / Top Right Of The Quad (Front)    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Top Left Of The Quad (Front)    glVer

71、tex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Bottom Left Of The Quad (Front)    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);             &#

72、160;    / Bottom Right Of The Quad (Front)    glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);                      / Set The Color To Yellow    glVerte

73、x3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);                  / Top Right Of The Quad (Back)    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);              &

74、#160;   / Top Left Of The Quad (Back)    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);                  / Bottom Left Of The Quad (Back)    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);

75、                  / Bottom Right Of The Quad (Back)    glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);                  &

76、#160;   / Set The Color To Blue    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);                  / Top Right Of The Quad (Left)    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f); &#

77、160;                / Top Left Of The Quad (Left)    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);                  / Bottom Left Of The Quad (Left)    glVertex3f(-1