人教初三英语上unit语法讲解及练习

1、 Unit 1: How do you study for a test? 【重点短语】查阅 组成;编造 取笑（某人） 谈论，讨论 与某人说话 将视为. 突然中止;中断 以结束 犯错误 不敢去做 一点也不 英语口语 做笔记 处理 （时间) 过去 在某人的帮助下 = 决定做某事 练习做某事 担心某人/ 某事 = 尽某人最大努力 对某人感到生气 愉快地做某事 做某事有困难 【重点语法】1. 动名词 在动词后加ing为动名词doing，相当于名词，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。(1)作主语（谓语为第三人称单数）Memorizing the words of pop songs also h

2、elps a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。Swimming is good for our health.(2)作宾语 在动词(keeppracticefinish enjoyhatebe busymind) 后只用ing 作宾语Eg. We should keep speaking English in class. He often practices singing in the morning. I have finished reading the book. Would you mind opening the door?(3) 作表语 Babysisters job i

3、s washing，cooking and taking care of the children.(4)作定语 I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of the secrets2. 动词不定式及动名词在句中成分 (1)做定语后置The best way to learn English is reading aloud.The fastest way to travel is by plane (2)与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I need a pen to write with. I dont have a partne

4、r to practice English with.I need some paper to write on. I dont have a room to live in.3. 现在完成时复习A. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。【常用时间状语】recently, lately, since+时间点, for+数字+时间名词, in the past few months/years等【构成】 肯定形式：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +done 一般疑问句：have或has放于句首 B.

5、现在完成时的用法1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。 eg. The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口） Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）区别：have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to,表示去过某个地方，不过现在已经回来了have gone to表示去了，但还没有回来，也许是在去的途中have been in指的是在某个地方，从过去一直延续到现在例如：你去过北京两次。他去香港了。 我在新都五年多了。 2）现在完成

6、时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用for和since表示一段时间的状语或so far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。eg. 他已经学习英语有五年了。 他自从2001年至今学习英语。 现在我已经写完作业了。 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。如：我已在此住了30多年。 由非延续

7、性动词到延续性动词的转换：arrive begin(start) die come back be backleave fall ill(sick, asleep) be ill(sick, asleep)get up be upgo out be outfinish put on wear 或be onopen be openjoin 或be a member ofclose be closedgo to school be a studentborrow buy catch(a cold) have(a cold)get to know knowbegin to study studyco

8、me to work work例题 ( )1. This is a _ story . When we heard this, we are all _. A. surprising; surprising B. surprised; surprising C. surprising; surprised D. surprised; surprised( )2. Please read _ the text in class. A. loud B. big C. loudly D. aloud ( )3. The girl has a sweet _. A. voice B. sound C.

9、 noise D. read( )4.We should _ this poem in class because its short and beautiful. A. remember B. memorize C. leave D. forget( )5. There seems to be no solution _ the problem. A. for B. to C. of D. all of these( )6. Would you mind my _ the window? A. open B. opens C. opening D. opened( )7. We are al

10、l impressed _ his new car. A. with B. on C. of D. about( )8. _ his way to school, he picked up a wallet and found the owner _ a rainy day. A. On; in B. In; on C. On; on D. On; at( )9. We _ two hours in doing our homework every night. A. take B. pay C. cost D. spend( )10. He thinks that _ is a great

11、way to learn a language. A. study grammar B. to study grammar C. studying grammar D. B and C【时态】（ ）1. I'll lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take（ ）2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in（ ）3.The factory _ since the

12、February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened（ ）4.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become（ ）5.You mustn't_ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left（ ）6.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. ha

13、s ended C. has been over（ ）7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught（ ）8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years. A. has been B. has become C. was D. became（ ）9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned（ ）10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B.

14、has, died C. has, been dead课后练习.选出可以代替划线部分的选项( )1. What about watching English-language TV? A. Why not B. How about C. Why dont you( )2. The box is too heavy for me to move.A. The box isnt heavy enough for me to move. B. The box is so heavy that I cant move it.C. The box is so light that I can move

15、it.( )3. He has forgotten a lot of words. A. many B. much C. a lot( )4. Please call me as soon as you get to Beijing. A. arrive B. reach in C. arrive in( )5. John was good at keeping dogs. A. does well in B. do well in C. did well in.根据汉语的提示完成句子.1. Can you get the _(发音) right?2. Some of my friends h

16、ave given me_(更明确的) suggestions.3. The other people _(嘲笑了) the old woman at her mistakes.4. My friends want to go on a field trip. _ (首先) we have to buy some food and drink.5. My brother doesnt like playing baseball_(根本).6. Our teacher asked us some questions about_(学英语) yesterday.7. Li Ming is not

17、good at English. He often makes mistakes _(在语法上)8. Most people in the world speak English _ (作为第二语言).用所给词的适当形式填空1. Li Mu is good at math. He studies it well by _(work) out math problems after class.2. How about_(study) with groups to improve your English grade?3. I was_(embarrass, 动词，使困窘) because I

18、had no money at that moment.4. My little brother is afraid _(walk) out at night.5. Do you enjoy _(learn) English in class?6. Your hair is so long. You must get your hair _(cut).7. Why not _(join) an English language club to practice speaking English?8. He doesnt know how _(improve) his English.9. Ho

19、w long_ you_(study) at your school? For about two years.10. Oh, what a pity! I dont have a partner _(practice) the conversation with.完形填空 Most adults once studied at school, had classes and did their homework every day. The same 1 is going on at school now. 2 it seems that doing weekend homework is

20、3 problem for the modern students. All the students should agree that weekend homework should be abolished. Its 4 for them studying at school five days a week. They have a lot of interests. With homework to do on Saturday and Sunday, when can they find 5 to help around the house, go and see a footba

21、ll or basketball game or a good film, join in family recreation or just have 6 at home? Because of these other activities, the homework cant be finished until 7 .So their weekend homework is usually done in such a hurry that on Monday teachers are 8 and often threaten to fail whole class of students

22、 because they know nothing about the 9 .If there were no weekend homework for the students to do. They would be happy to go to school on Monday 10 having a good rest and to learn what the teachers teach. ( )1 A. thing B. school C. class D. homework ( )2 A. Also B. But C. Still D. Though ( )3 A. no B

23、. another C. on D. other ( )4 A. not enough B. enough C. no good D. no use ( )5 A. friends B. time C. places D. money ( )6 A. a rest B. an exam C. a lesson D. picnic ( )7 A. Monday afternoon B. Saturday C. Friday night D. Sunday night ( )8 A. pleased B. sorry C. unhappy D. not worried ( )9 A. lesson

24、 B. games C. interests D. activities ( )10 A. until B. when C. before D. after .阅读理解（A）My English learning    People living in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred languages in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A

25、 very large dictionary, for example, contains four or five hundred thousand words. But we do not need all these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. Before you leave school , you will learn only one thousand or more .     The words you

26、know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary bigger . Read as many books as you can. There are a lot of books written in easy English for you to read. You will enjoy them. When you meet a new word, find it in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your most useful b

27、ook.   ( ) 1. The number of different languages spoken is about _.     A. 150      B. 15,000    C. 500             D. 1,500 ( )2. Before you leave your school, youll

28、 learn _.      A. only two thousand words     B. five hundred thousand words    C. more than one thousand words     D. three or four thousand words ( )3. To make your vocabulary bigger, you must _.     A. get as many dic

29、tionaries as you can     B. read as many books as you can     C. buy a lot of books     D. have a very large English dictionary  ( )4. You will enjoy _.     A. the books written in easy English     B. your dictionaryC. y

30、our new words     D. finding new words in a dictionary    （B） Small children often laugh at the short ones or at someone who isnt dressed as well as they are . But as they grow up , they learn not to hurt peoples feelings by laughing at their problems . They l

31、earn to laugh at other things. Most important they learn to laugh at themselves. Suppose （假设）youre playing a game . You make a mistake and lose. Do you become angry?  Or can you laugh at yourself and hope to do better next time? Suppose you are at a special dinner. You at times spill

32、（溅）some food . Why keep worrying about how clumsy （笨拙）you looked ? Why not laugh it off and enjoy yourself any way? If you can, its a good sign youve really grown up. （    ）1. This article is mostly about _.      A. why laughter is good for your body  

33、60; B. what you should laugh at     C. where you may laugh     D. who you may laugh（    ）2. The writer says small children laugh at people who _.     A. have problems             B. not

34、 to be worried     C. dress well       D. play games（    ）3. Next the writer shows how laughter could help you _.     A. not to spill food         B. not to be worried     C. not to enjoy yourself  D. to grow up（    ）4. The most important thing is to learn how to laugh at _.      A. jokes         B. pictures     C. children    D. yourself（    ）5.