人教版高一英语必修一 Unit 3 Travel journal

1、Unit 3 Travel journal要点探究I. 词汇知识1.dream about / of 梦想，梦见（后接名词，代词，动名词）例：What a small world! I wouldnt dream of meeting you here.世界真小！真没想到会在这儿碰见你。The young soldier sometimes dreams of his hometown. 经常梦见自己的家乡.dream n. 常构成短语：have/dream a dream做梦 realize a dream 实现梦想小试牛刀：Its a small town. You can never d

2、ream _a VIP in the street.A. to meeting B. of seeing C. in meeting D. on seeing 2.prefer: vt. 更喜欢；选择某物（而不选择其它事物）常构成短语：prefer A to B 喜欢A甚于Bprefer to do 更喜欢做某事prefer to do rather than do 宁愿也不愿例: I much prefer classic music to pop music.和通俗音乐比起来我更喜欢古典音乐。Many people who live in cities would actually pre

3、fer to live in the country.很多生活在城市的人实际上更愿意生活在乡下。I prefer to stay at home rather than go to the cinema with Jane.我宁愿待在家里也不愿和简去看电影。注意：prefer的过去式和现在分词分别为：preferred; preferring。3. persuade persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事 vt.说服；劝服persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. ou

4、t of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事vt.说服；劝服persuade sb. (of sth. ) / persuade sb. that 使某人相信 vt. 使某人相信；使某人信服At last he persuaded him to give up the foolish plan. 他终于说服他放弃了那个愚蠢= At last he persuaded him into giving up the foolish plan. 的计划。We are persuaded of the justice of her case.我们确信她对案件的审理是公正的。How can I pe

5、rsuade you that I am sincere?怎样才能使你相信我是真心实意的呢？小试牛刀： While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A. to persuade B. persuadingC. being persuaded D. be persuadedpersuade sb. to do sth. 指成功地说服。“说而不服, 或说而无果”，不能直接用persuade, 而应用try to persuade sb. to 或advise sb.

6、 to do sth. , 或者用persuade的否定式。特别提醒： 例：Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuade him to do so.我们很多人劝他改变主意，但没有人成功。小试牛刀： I _ him not to smoke, but he didnt think it necessary.A. persuaded B. advised C. hoped D. suggested I was able at last to _my mother to follow my advice.A.

7、suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave off4. Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. get +宾语+宾语补足语（-ing/done/ to do /adj./adv.）小试牛刀：1) I should get the window _ (repair) before it gets cold. 2) The teachers words soon got us _ (think). 3) She got her son _ (sleep ) on the floor last night.

8、 4) Dont make your hands so _ (脏).5) 我想把这些椅子弄到楼上去I want to get these chairs _.5. determine vt. 决定；确定；下决心determine sth. 确定某事 determine to do sth. 决定做某事determine + clause 决定做某事determine + 特殊疑问词+to do sth. 决定做某事We should determine the date for the party now.我们现在就应该定下聚会的日子。I determined to go no farther

9、that night.那天晚上我决定不再向前走了。We havent determined where the new school will be built.我们尚未决定在何处建新校。They havent determined when to leave the Iraq.他们还没有决定何时离开伊拉克。思维拓展：(1) determined为过去分词形式的形容词，意为“坚定的，果断的”，在句中可作定语，表语。例：Her determined look encouraged everybody there.她的坚定的眼神鼓舞了那里所有的人。His voice was determined;

10、 his eyes were flashing.他声音坚定，目光炯炯。（2）determined还可以表示“决定，下决心”，后接不定式或that从句；有时也可作状语。例：The soldiers were determined to fight to death.战士们决心战斗到死。Mother is determined that I shall go to a key university.母亲决心让我上重点大学。The girl left the school sadly, determined never to come back.那女孩伤心地离开了学校，决定再也不回来了。(3) de

11、termine to do= be determined to do =make up ones mind to do= decide to do 例：They determined to drive the enemy away from their country. = They were determined to / made up their mind to / decided to drive the enemy away from their country. 他们决定把敌人赶出他们的国家。小试牛刀： He gave me a _look and I knew we were s

12、ure to win the game.A. determine B. determined C. determining D. determination 他们下定决心大学毕业以后经商。_to go into business when they leave college. 她是一个坚定的女人，总能达到自己的目的。She is a _who always gets what she wants.6. attitude n. 态度；看法常构成短语：attitude to / towards sb. / sth. 对的态度；看法例：She shows a very positive attit

13、ude to her work.她工作态度非常积极。Dont take that attitude towards me, young man.别用这种态度对我，小伙子。特别注意：attitude 为态度 altitude为纬度, 大家一定要分清！7. the way of doing sth. = the way to do sth. 做某事的方式例：Ive got no way of contacting him at all. 我根本没有办法和他联系。8.insist 句中insist的意思为“坚决要求，坚持要求”，后面从句的谓语动词常用should do，其中should可以省略。若i

14、nsist表示“坚持认为”这个意思时，后面的从句应该用陈述语气。例：The stubborn man insisted that he (should) do it all by himself.Lucy insisted that she heard somebody in the house. 露西坚持认为她听到屋子里有人的声响。Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.迈克坚持说他没有偷任何东西。思维拓展：insist与介词on / upon构成短语insist on / upon (doing) sth. 坚决要求，坚持要求。例：H

15、is parents insisted on his going to college. 他的父母坚决主张他上大学。I insist on taking proper food for this bike trip. 我坚决主张携带适合这次自行车旅行的食品。小试牛刀： My parents always let me have my own _ of living.A. means B. manner C. way D. road Mr Smith insisted that I _ his book within three days.A. returns B. returned C. ha

16、d returned D. return All of us insisted _ out the plan at once.A. to carry B. to carrying C. on carrying D. carrying9.care about忧虑，关心，惦念 care about 与从句连用时，about常省略。例：Dont you care about anybody? 你难道不关心任何人吗？Dont you care what happens to them? 你难道不担心他们出事吗？I dont care whether we win or lose. 我不在乎我们是赢是输

17、。思维拓展：care for 照顾，照料；喜欢，想要（常用于否定句和疑问句）The children are being well cared for. 孩子们得到了精心的照顾。Would you care for a drink? 要喝一杯吗？小试牛刀：The only thing he seems to _ is money. He needs enough money to go to college.A. care about B. care of C. care for D. take care of10. Once she has made up her mind, nothing

18、 can change it. 她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。once 在此句中为连词，意为“一旦；一就”Once she arrives , we can start. 她一到，我们就可以开始了。Once you understand this rule, youll have no further difficulty. 一旦-， 就没什么困难了。 make up ones mind 打定主意，决定。后常接不定式。例：At last, they made up their minds to blow up the factory. 最后，他们决定炸毁那座工厂。小试牛刀：_ you m

19、ake a promise, you should keep it.A. Though B. Unless C. Once D. Even if11.When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5000 meters,she seemed to be excited about it.当我告诉她我们将在海拔5000米处开始旅程, 她好像对此很兴奋。at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔米处The plane is flying at a height /

20、an altitude of 10,000 meters.飞机在1万米高空飞行。特别注意：at 在此处表“在处/时，以”后接年龄，速度，长宽深高，价格费用等知识拓展：at the age of 在岁时at a high / low price 以高价/ 低价 at a depth / width /height of 在深/宽/ 高处 at the cost of 以为代价 at a distance of 在距离12.give in 让步，妥协，屈服，呈交 give in to 向屈服，屈从例：You were supposed to give this work in four days

21、ago. 你四天前就该交上这份作业了。The boss is so stubborn that we have to give in to him. 这位老板很固执我们只好迁就他。思维拓展：常见的和give搭配的短语还有：give away 送掉，捐赠；表露，流露；泄露（秘密） give off发出（气味，光，热，声音等）give out 分发，宣布，公布，筋疲力尽 give up sth. / doing sth. 放弃做某事，终止做某事小试牛刀： After the long trip，both the men and the horses _. Because of his small

22、salary，he had to _ his dream trip to Europe. Seeing that he could not persuade me，he had to _ my view. He _ most of his fortune to the poor. Please keep the secret，dont_ it _.13. It was great fun especially as it gradually became much warmer. 随着气温逐渐升高，下山变得尤为有趣。great fun 非常有趣的事情，此外，fun也可以用much或 good来

23、修饰,常构成It is much / great/ good fun to do句型，表示做很有趣。特别提醒：此处fun 为不可数名词，意为“玩笑, 乐事, 有趣的事”。What great fun it was to swim in the river in such a hot day.14. We put up our tents and then we ate. 我们搭起帐篷然后吃饭。put up 举起, 抬起 = raise 挂起, 张贴 建造，搭起 = build例：He put up his hand to catch the teachers attention. 他举起手来引

24、起老师的注意。A new notice has been put up on the board. 布告牌上张贴了一则新启事。*本单元其它一些重要的短语：1.grow up 长大2. get sb. interested in sth. 使某人对某事感兴趣 3. graduate from college 大学毕业4. get the chance to do sth. 有机会干某事 5. from where it begins to where it ends 从它开始的地方到它结束的地方 6. be fond of 喜爱，喜欢7. keep doing 不断做8.be excited a

25、bout 对感到兴奋9.an interesting experience 一次有意思的经历10. pass through deep valleys 穿过深谷11.at first/last 起初/最后12. as usual 像往常一样13.feel like 感觉像14. change for 替换或代替某人(某物)15.for company 作伴，一起16. make camp 扎营17. stay awake 不睡觉 18.at midnight 在午夜19. can hardly wait to do 迫不及待地做20. say “Hello” to 向某人问候21. give

26、my love/ best wishes to 向某人致以我最好的祝愿II. 重点句型1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头行走到入海口。本句为强调句型。强调句的结构为：It is / was+被强调部分+ that/ who+其余部分。特别注意：强调句中it不能更换，is/was与“其余部分”的时态一致，被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分，被强调部

27、分是人则可用that/who，强调其它成分与内容都用that。强调时间和地点不能用when或where，只用that。例：All the members held a meeting in the club yesterday.本句根据上下文和说话者意图可改成下列强调句型：(1) It was all the members that/who held a meeting in the club yesterday. (强调主语，was 不能换为were)(2) It was a meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday.

28、(强调宾语a meeting)(3) It was in the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday. (强调地点状语, that不可换为where)(4) It was yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club. (强调时间状语，that不可换为when)再来看下面几个特殊例子：(1) It was because he got caught in a heavy traffic that he was late for work.是因为遇上严重的交通堵

29、塞他才上班迟到。(此句中的because不可用as/since替代)总结：It iswasthat强调句型中的被强调部分如果是原因状语从句，只能由because引导，不能由since、as或why引导。 (2) It was not until their mother came back that the children went to bed.孩子们一直到母亲回来才去睡觉。总结：notuntil 的强调句型为：It is / was not until that (3) Where was it that you saw the teacher? 总结：如果强调的是特殊疑问句，要用“特殊

30、疑问词+is/was + it + that +”结构, 表示“究竟是谁，到底在哪里”等等。 小试牛刀： It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago .A. was B. are C. were D. had been It was _ he arrived at the station _ he realized he had left his tickets at home.A. not until; then B. until; that C. not until; when D. not until; that

31、_ you got in touch with Mr. Smith?Through a friend of mine.A. It was how that B. How was it C. How was it that D. Was it how that思维拓展：判断句子是否为强调句的方法:将一个句子中的It was / is和who / that去掉后，若句子的剩余部分是一个完整的句子，就是强调句结构。否则不是。小试牛刀： It was midnight _ I got here yesterday. It was at midnight _ I got here yesterday.A

32、. that B. until C. before D. when 2. She gave me a determined look-the kind that said she would not change her mind. 她给了我一个坚定的眼神这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。在本句中 the kind是a look的同位语, the kind=the kind of look，后面是that引导的定语从句, 其中say为不及物动词，指“（文字，数字， 图画等）指明,表明”例：The clock on the wall said it was a quarter to ten. 墙上

33、的钟是9点45 分。3. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold 当我告诉她将呼吸困难, 天气严寒主语 + be + adj.+ to do sth.是一个常用句式，通常不定式用主动形式表达被动含义。例：The problem is really hard to work out. 这个问题很难解决。My boss is hard to deal with. 我的老板很难相处。4. To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looke

34、d around us, we were surprised by the view. 爬山是艰难的，但当我们环顾四周时，周围的美景让我们惊叹。本句中，to climb the mountains 为不定式作主语。不定式作主语通常可以用形式主语it来代替，而把真正的主语的不定式放在后面。此外，不定式作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。例：To learn a foreign language is important for your future work. 掌握一门外语=It is important for your future work to learn a foreign language

35、. 对你将来的工作很重要。It took me only 5 minutes to finish the work. 完成这项工作只花了我5分钟的时间。小试牛刀：_ great fun to play basketball after school.A. It has B. It is C. This is D. There has5. (1) Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles? 你有没有见过雪人骑自行车？(2) At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling throug

36、h clouds.有的地方海拔很高，以至于我们发现自己正骑着自行车在云层当中穿梭。(3) .we saw many yaks and sheep eating green grass.我们看见很多的牦牛和绵羊正在吃草。以上几个句子均出现了分词和不定式作宾补的现象。第一个句子为动词原形（即不带to的不定式）作宾补， 后两个句子均为现在分词作宾补。在感官动词see, watch , observe, look at, hear, listen to 等和使役动词have后，当宾语和宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的主动关系时，宾补有两种形式：1)不带to的不定式表示动作已完成 2)现在分词doing 表示

37、动作正在进行。例：I heard her sing an English song just now. 我刚才听见她唱了一首英文歌。I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天我经过她的房间时，听见她在唱英文歌。小试牛刀：When he came to, he found himself _ on a chair, with his hands _ back.A. to sit; tying B. sitting; tied C. seating; tied D. to seat; tie

38、d.语法突破 1. 现在进行时的构成：be doing 2. 观察下面的句子，总结现在进行时的基本用法：1) We are waiting for you. 2) What are you doing recently?3) The leaves are turning red. 4) You are always changing your mind.3. 现在进行时除表进行外，还可以表示将来。现在进行时表将来时常用“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感。它常表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是转移动词。如： (1) Im going. 我要走了。 (2) I&

39、#39;m coming.我要来了。 (3) When are you starting? 你什么时候动身？ 4. 观察下面的句子，总结一般将来时的表示方法1) The building will be finished next month.2) What are you going to do tomorrow? 3) We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4) He is about to leave for Beijing.5. 不用进行时态的动词有哪些？表示感觉或感情的词，如：hear, see, smell, taste, feel,

40、 seem, notice, hate, love, like, want, wish, refuse, prefer, forgive等。 表示存在或所属的词，如：exist, stay, remain, obtain, have, own, form, contain等。 表示认识或理解的词，如：understand, know, remember, forget, believe, think, doubt等。6.观察下面的句子，总结一般现在时代替一般将来时的几种情况(1) If you do that again, Ill hit you.(2) He is going to visi

41、t his aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 7.语法专练. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technoloy _so rapidly. A. is changing   B. has changed   C. will have changed   D. will change . I want to know when he _ for New York tomorrow. A. has le

42、ft       B. is leaving         C. had left          D. has been leaving The building_ , I can't stand its noise. A. builds        B. is built 

43、;         C. is being built      D. was being built . I can't catch up with the fashion, because the clothes style_ all the time.A. changed      B. is changed       C. is chang

44、ing       D. has changed . It's seven. The Greens_ breakfast together. A. has          B. are having       C. have had         D. had had . Don't m

45、ake any noise while the students_ to the tape. A. are listening    B. listened        C. have listened      D. had listened . Tom and Peter_ in the lake. Let's join them, shall we? A. swim     

46、60;   B. have swum       C. swam          D. are swimming . Look! The children_ football on the playground. A. plays         B. played       

47、;   C. is playing         D. are playing . The kite_ high in the sky now. It looks like a bird. A. has flown     B. is flying         C. was flying       

48、D. flew . As we all know, the world's population_ faster and faster. A. is grown      B. is growing       C. are grown        D. are growing .单元自测一. 单词拼写 根据所给首字母或中文提示，用所缺单词的适当形式填空。1. If we hold a good _(态度)

49、 towards our work, we will succeed easily.2. My uncle is so s_ that none of us can persuade him to give up smoking.3. Her _(坚定的) look showed that she had never changed her mind.4. The lack of public transport is a great d_.5. He is a man with many _( 缺点).6. What kind of t_do you prefer to use, bus o

50、r train?7. She has just g_ from high school. 8. After a long delay the performance _(终于) started.9. She _(组织) the class into four groups.10. The sun disappeared from v_behind a cloud.二单项填空*1. It is the third time _ late this month.A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that youve arrived D. when

51、 youve arrived*2. The guide is tired _ his job, and is thinking about taking a new one.A. by B. of C. from D. with3. At first, she wanted to _ hope, but the teacher encouraged her not to.A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give away*4. Its really time I went home but Im enjoying myself so I _ here

52、a bit longer.A. stay B. have stayed C. stayed D. am staying*5. It was the training _he had as a young man _ made him a good editor.A. that; that B. what; that C. which; that D. who; that *6. He insisted that he _ a lot for the company and he _made head of the company.A. did, be B. had done , be C. h

53、as done , was D. has done , is 7. Since Alice trusts you, only you can _her to change her mind.A. suggest B. attract C. advise D. persuade *8. Have you ever _in front of thousands of people at a concert , with everyone _while you were singing?A. dreamed of to be ; clapped B. dreamed to be ; to clap

54、C. dreamed of being ; clapped D. dreamed of being ; to be clapping 9. You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _the books when you have finished with them.A. put off B. put down C. put back D. put on *10. Weak as the small country is , it dares to say _to the huge country.A. hello B

55、. yes C. no D. sorry *11. He loves the old songs, which _ everyone of his age.A. are similar with B. are familiar with C. are familiar to D. are similar to12. Im leaving for Shanghai tomorrow._.A. See you later B. Have a pleasant tripC. Lets go out for a drink D. Bring me a present when you are back*13. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting14. I dont think Peter is too young to take care of the pet dog _ .A. correctly B. properly C. exactly D. actively*15. Please sa