【词汇讲解】M5EthnicCulture知识详解

1、【词汇讲解】 M5 Ethnic Culture 知识详解 runv控制，管理；运转；褪色；跑，奔跑；行驶；延伸(回归课本P58)For example，it is the women who run Naxi society，and until recently，Naxi women inherited all property.例如，管理纳西族社会的是妇女，而且近来还是由纳西族的妇女来继承全部财产。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Dont touch the engine while its running.发动机运转的时候不要去碰它。The color ran when I washed you

2、r red shirt.你的红衬衫在我洗的时候掉色了。(牛津P1749)He has no idea how to run a business.他丝毫不懂企业管理。I just happened to run into him at the bank.我碰巧在银行里遇见了他。He was run over and had to be taken to the hospital.他被车碾伤，必须送往医院。Poverty and floods forced the villagers to run away from home.贫困与洪水迫使村民们离开家园。【即境活用】1.Having walk

3、ed in the desert for several days,they felt exhausted，but they had to find a pool before the water they had in the bottle _.Aput outBkept outCran out Dused up解析：选C。句意：在沙漠里已走了好几天了，他们感到精疲力竭了，但是他们不得不在瓶里的水喝完前找到一个水池。run out用完，用光,耗尽。A项，扑灭，伸出；B项，挡住，使进不去；D项，use up sth.用光某物。2(2010年湖北天门中学模拟)After the long mar

4、ch through the wild forest，they found themselves _ as well as their clothes.Agiven out Bworn outCrun out Dturned out解析：选B。本题考查短语动词。give out不及物动词，“筋疲力尽”；worn out“累垮”，是wear sb.out的被动形式；run out不及物动词短语，“用完”；turn out“结果是”。adjustv适应，使适应；调整，调节(回归课本P67)My eyes had to adjust to the darkness inside.我的眼睛不得不去适应

5、里面的黑暗。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Business companies have to constantly adjust their strategies so as to survive.商业公司必须经常调整它们的策略以寻求生存。(牛津P24)It took her a while to adjust to living alone.她过了一段时间才适应了独自生活。(牛津P24)Youll quickly adjust yourself to student life.你将很快适应学生生活。You can adjust this desk to the height of any chi

6、ld.这桌子可以根据小孩的高度任意调整。The Chinese government made adjustments to food supplies according to the situation at present.中国政府根据目前境况对粮食供应作了调整。【易混辨析】adapt，adjust(1)adapt指“修改或改变以适应新的条件”。(2)adjust指“调整，调节使之适应”。Seat belts adjust to fit short or tall drivers.Most of these tools have been specially adapted for us

7、e by disabled people.【即境活用】3As a teacher you should _ your method to _ the needs of slower students.Aapply；enableBadjust；meetCincrease；change Dweigh；shape解析：选B。句意：作为一名老师，你应当调整自己的教学方法以满足理解较慢的学生的需求。第一空要用adjust表示“调节，调整”。apply“申请；应用”；increase“增加”；weigh“称量”。第二空用meet表示“满足”。4.You cant see through a telesco

8、pe unless it is correctly _ to your sight.Aadapted BadmittedCadopted Dadjusted解析：选D。句意：除非把望远镜调节得完全适合你的视线，否则你看不见。根据上下文和一般常识可知，用telescope看必须先调整好距离，才能看得清，因此后半句话一定是调节以适合视线，故D是正确答案。furnish vt.为(房屋或房间)配备家具；供应；装备(回归课本P67)The tent was furnished with a few mats on the floor，and a low table with a teapot.这帐篷里

9、的摆设就是地板上的几块垫子与一张矮桌子，桌子上面有个茶壶。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Having bought the house，they couldnt afford to furnish it.买了这所房子以后，他们买不起家具来布置它了。The house was furnished with some old tables，a blackboard，and an old stove.房子里有几张旧桌子，一块黑板和一个旧炉子。In the west，one can rent furnished rooms.在西方，人们可以租用带家具的房间。(牛津P830)She furnished him

10、 with the facts surrounding the case.她向他提供了与案件有关的事实。Mr.and Mrs.Shaw have bought some modern furniture for their living room.肖夫妇买了些新式家具布置起居室。【即境活用】5完成句子They were kind enough to _ the refugees.他们非常好心为难民提供食宿。答案：furnish food and shelter for6He doesnt have _ furniture in his roomjust an old desk.AanyBman

11、yCsome Dmuch解析：选D。furniture是一个不可数名词，所以many不正确。否定句中要用any而不是some，所以some不正确。not.any意思为“一点也没有”，与后面的“just an old desk”不符，所以答案为D项。customn风俗，习惯，传统(回归课本P58)They have the custom of playing cards on card tables in the middle of the street.她们有在街中心围着牌桌打扑克的习惯。【归纳总结】【例句探源】For example，in the United States，it is th

12、e custom to have salad(色拉)before the main course at dinner，not after.举例说明，在美国，在主饭之前吃色拉，而不是在其后，这是传统。(牛津P492)It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.女子早婚是那个国家的风俗。(朗文P495)The guide offers us information on local customs.向导给我们提供了有关当地风俗的资料。【易混辨析】custom，habit，hobby，tradition(1)custom指一个国

13、家、一个民族、一个地区或一个社会的习惯、行为方式或风俗习惯。(2)habit侧重于自然养成的、不易去掉的个人习惯。(3)hobby指业余爱好，如集邮、下棋、弹奏乐器等。(4)tradition广义指世代相传的伦理、行为规范和生活方式，特指因长久奉行而几乎具有法律效力的习惯、习俗，侧重历史意义。In China the custom of eating dumplings on New Years Eve prevails.By tradition，people play practical jokes on April First.He works in a bank，but his hobb

14、y is building model boats.He has a habit of closing eyes when he tells a story.【即境活用】7They hand down the _ from generation to generation to keep their way of life alive.AinterestBhabitCcustom Daction解析：选C。句意：他们一代一代传承着使他们生活具有生气的传统。custom“传统风俗、习俗”，符合语境。set off出发；动身；使爆炸；开动(回归课本P67)George and I looked a

15、t each other,then set off after her.乔治和我对视了一眼，接着跟在她后面走了。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Hong Kongs stock market fell，setting off a global financial crisis.香港股市下跌，引起了全球金融危机。(牛津P1823)Opening the door will set off the alarm.一开这道门，警铃就会响。They set out on the last stage of their journey. 他们动身踏上最后一段行程。We need to set about find

16、ing a solution.我们得着手寻找一个解决办法。She tries to set aside some money every month.她每个月都尽量存点钱。(牛津P1824)After leaving college，he set himself up as a freelance photographer.大学毕业后，他干起了特约摄影师。【即境活用】8Whats wrong with Jenny?A call from her mother _ an attack of homesickness.Asent outBset outCset off Dsent off解析：选C

17、。句意是：詹尼怎么了？她妈妈打来了电话，引起了她的思乡病。本题用set off表示“引起”。send out发送，派遣，放出；set out出发，陈述，摆列；send off寄出，派遣，解雇，给送行。9.The villagers _ fireworks to celebrate the successful completion of the reservoir.Aset out Bset aboutCset in Dset off解析：选D。句意：村民们放鞭炮来庆祝水库的胜利建成。set off在该题中意为“点燃，使爆炸”。set out“出发，陈列”；set about doing“开始

18、着手做”；set in“把装入”。in use被使用，在使用中(回归课本P59)The Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language still in use and is over 1,000 years old.纳西语是唯一仍在使用的象形文字，已有一千多年的历史了。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Seriously damaged，the bridge is no longer in use.因受到严重损坏，这座桥不再使用了。He made full use of the opportunity and succeeded at last.他充分利用了那次机会，并且成功了。It is the dictionary most in use among Chinese students of English.这是学英语的中国学生最常