“说写结合”培养小学生的英语写作能力

1、基础教育阶段英语课程的任务之一就是使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识和听、说、读、写技能，形成一定的综合语言运用能力。纵观当前的小学英语教学，教师往往注重口语交际的训练，忽视对写的有效练习；现行的教材也比较重视听说训练，对写的内容安排很少，且缺乏相应的指导。为了弥补这方面的不足，笔者在教学实践中将英语写作融入日常教学中，使说和写有机结合，通过英语写作训练使说的训练得到进一步升华，实现口语表达向书面表达的转化，以说带写，以写促说，进一步增强小学生运用所学语言的能力，有效提高小学生的英语水平。一、开展阅读活动，引发学生的写作欲望阅读是学生获取知识和信息最常用的方法和最基本的途径。在阅读过程中，学生通过联

2、想、思维、理解和记忆等方式对信息进行分析、筛选和创造，使之更加鲜活，更富有意义。笔者经常给学生布置一些读的作业，要求学生每天阅读一篇英语小故事、小作文或小笑话，在阅读的过程中遇到生词就摘抄下来，一方面积累了词汇，另一方面也拓宽了知识面。下面是一位学生根据A Little Dog 仿写的一篇小作文：My CatI have a lovely little cat. It has two big blue eyes, a black nose and a small mouth. And it has yellow, white and brown fur. Its paws are white.

3、 It's so beautiful. I love it very much. It likes to play with a ball and hide -and -seek. It doesn't like hot weather, but it likes cool weather. It likes to eat sausage and fish. I help it to have a bath once a week. I love it.最初让学生用英语写作时，他们只能仿写教材中自己喜欢的一个小片段，后来开始仿写整篇作文，英语写作水平逐渐提高。二、组织“小记者采

4、访”活动，激发学生的写作兴趣为了激发学生的写作兴趣，笔者在学生中开展了“今天我是一名小记者”活动。每位学生根据笔者预先设定好的采访内容Ask Your FriendYour friend's nameHow old is he (she)?What does he (she) look like?How tall is he (she)?What does he (she) like to do?“小记者采访”活动增进了学生之间的交流，提高了他们的英语口语交际能力。他们在采访过程中把获得的信息写出来，也提高了英语写作水平。学生通过采访完成表1，然后根据实际情况完成表2：2 My Fri

5、endI have a good friend. Her name is Zhang Lu. She is eleven years old. Her face is round. She has two big eyes and a small nose. Her mouth is small and red. She is very beautiful. She is 1.5 metres tall. She likes to read books. She is a happy girl. A photo / picture of my friend学生的作品经过老师指导和修改后，被推荐

6、刊登在本校的校园简报和快乐英语小报上，这进一步激发了学生用英语写作的热情，增强了他们学好英语的自信心。渐渐地，小记者们由在校园内采访扩展到校外，采访内容由人物、动物扩展到身边的事情，他们的英语运用能力和写作水平逐步得到了提高。学生们在采访活动中也开阔了眼界，体会到了说英语和写英语的快乐。三、倡导“对话记录”，培养学生的写作能力小学英语（冀教版，三年级起始，下同） 中的课文很多是以对话形式出现的。如果仅仅让学生朗读和表演对话，教学活动就会显得单调、机械。为了使学生真正做到学以致用，笔者在学生熟练掌握课文内容的基础上，让学生以课文内容为基础进行自由对话，并把这些对话整理成一篇小短文，这既是对学生综

7、合能力的训练，又是对教材内容的拓展。通过这种写作训练，学生思维更加灵活，学习更加主动，对所学知识的掌握更加牢固，同时提高了学生运用所学英语的能力。例如，笔者在教学完第七册11 课Mr.Wood Teaches a Lesson 一课中有关形状的单词后，用几个不同形状的图片拼成一个人的形状，然后要求学生就此展开对话：S1: What is it?S2: It is a boy.S1: What shape is the boy's head?S2: His head is a circle.S1: How many circles are there on his head?S2: Th

8、ree circles. One big circle is his head. And the two blue small circles are his eyes.S3: What shape is his mouth?S4: His mouth is a red line.S5: What shape is his nose?S6: His nose is a triangle.S7: How many squares are there?S8: One square. And the pink square is his stomach.S9: What shape are his

9、legs and arms?S10: Two purple triangles make his legs. And the other two orange triangles make his arms. Oh, the boy is wearing a yellow hat, and the hat is a triangle.T: Is the boy beautiful?Ss: Yes, it is very beautiful.在学生创编对话之后，作为对口语表达的延伸，笔者要求学生把对话改写成一篇记叙文。下面是一篇改写后的学生习作：A Boy Made of ShapesI mak

10、e a boy with some shapes. He is beautiful. Look, he is wearing a yellow hat. The hat is a triangle. He has two big blue eyes. His eyes are two circles. His eyes are very bright. His orange nose is too small. His nose is a triangle. His mouth is red and it is a line. His arms and legs are triangles.

11、What shape is his stomach? Oh, his stomach is square. This is a boy made of shapes. Do you like him?在口语交际的基础上进行写作训练可以激发学生英语写作的主动性和创造力，使英语写作活动变得简单易行，使学生的口语表达能力与写作能力相互促进和提高。四、链接“友情日记”，增进学生英语写作的动力“日记教学”是一种在教师指导下的不拘形式、自由轻松的写作方式。“友情日记”则能进一步发挥学生独自创作以及与同学互相交流的优势，发挥小学生思维灵活、对新鲜事物特别感兴趣等天性，让学生在自由自在的写作环境中感受语言表达

12、的快乐，逐步提高写作水平。为了激发学生的写作兴趣，提高学生的写作能力，笔者把全班学生分成四人小组，每个小组共用一个日记本，各个组员分工合作，选择生活中的某个素材写成小作文，每位学生写完以后署上自己的名字，然后同学之间互相修改评阅。在“友情日记”活动中学生既是作者，又是读者，还是评阅者，相互取长补短。这种学生间交流写作、阅读、评改的方式提高了学生用英语写作的兴趣和积极性。下面是一篇经过学生相互修改后的日记：A Happy DayToday is Saturday. I am very happy because my mother and father take me to the park.

13、After a while, we arrive there. In the park, I see some flowers. They are very beautiful. The colour of the flowers are red, yellow and orange. They are colourful. I like them. Then I see a small lake. Many fish are swimming in the lake. I like the fish. Look, there is a beautiful boat over there. It's floating in the water. The water is very clean. I like this lake. Do you like it? Then we go to the zoo. There are many birds in the zoo. They are singing songs. I see some monkeys playing and eating. They are very naughty. A giraffe can reach