高中英语 · 必修三：Unit4

1、高中英语 · 必修三：Unit4astronomy /'strnmi/ n. 天文学 astronomer /'strnm/ n. 天文学家 solar /'sul/ adj. 太阳的；日光的 system /'sistm/ n. 系统；体系；制度 solar system 太阳系 religion /ri'lidn/ n. 宗教；宗教信仰 theory /'iri/ n. 学说；理论 Big Bang 宇宙大爆炸；创世大爆炸 atom /'ætm/ n. 原子 billion /'biljn/ pron. &

2、amp; n. & adj. <英>万亿；<美>十亿 globe /lub/ n. 球体；地球仪；地球 global /'lubl/ adj. 全球性的；全世界的 violent /'vailnt/ adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 in time 及时；终于 carbon /'k:bn/ n. 碳 nitrogen /'naitrdn/ n. 氮 vapour /'veip/ n. （= vapor）蒸气；水蒸气 atmosphere /'ætmsfi/ n. 大气层；气氛 unlike /n'

3、laik/ prep. 不同；不像 fundamental /fnd'mentl/ adj. 基本的；基础的 presence /'prezns/ n. 出席；到场；存在 dissolve /di'zlv/ vt. & vi. 溶解；解散 harmful /'h:mful/ adj. 有害的 acid /'æsid/ n. 酸 chain /tein/ n. 链子；连锁；锁链 reaction /ri'ækn/ n. 反应；回应 multiply /'mltiplai/ vi. & vt. 乘；增加 o

4、xygen /'ksidn/ n. 氧 shellfish /'elfi/ n. 水生有壳动物 amphibian /æm'fibin/ n. 两栖动物 reptile /'reptail/ n. 爬行动物；爬虫 lay eggs 下蛋 dinosaur /'dains:/ n. 恐龙 exist /i'zist/ vi. 存在；生存 mammal /'mæml/ n. 哺乳动物 give birth to 产生；分娩 thus /ðs/ adv. 因此；于是 in ones turn 轮到某人；接着 dio

5、xide /dai'ksaid/ n. 二氧化物 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 prevent . from 阻止；制止puzzle /'pzl/ n. 谜；难题 vt. & vi. （使）迷惑；（使）为难 biology /bai'ldi/ n. 生物学 biologist /bai'ldist/ n. 生物学家 gravity /'rævti/ n. 万有引力；重力 satellite /'sætlait/ n. 卫星；人造卫星 gentle /'dentl/ adj. 温和的；文雅的 geolo

6、gist /di'ldist/ n. 地质学家 physicist /'fizisist/ n. 物理学家 block out 挡住（光线） extinct /ik'stikt/ adj. 灭绝的；绝种的 climate /'klaimit/ n. 气候 comet /'kmit/ n. 慧星 crash /kræ/ vi. & vt. 碰撞；坠落 Isaac Newton /'aizk 'nju:tn/ 艾萨克·牛顿 (英国科学家) Albert Einstein /'ælbt 'a

7、instain/ 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(德裔美国科学家) Stephen Hawking /'sti:vn 'h:ki/ 斯蒂芬·霍金(英国科学家) spaceship /'speisip/ n. 宇宙飞船 pull /pul/ n. & vt. 拉（力）；拖；牵引力 lessen /'lesn/ vi. & vt. 减少；减轻 cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋 float /flut/ vi. & vt. （使）浮动；（使）漂浮 n. 漂浮物 weightlessly /'weitlisli/ adv. 失

8、重地 cabin /mæs/ n. 小屋；船舱 mass /'kæbin/ n. 质量；团；块；大量；<复>群众 now that 既然 get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解 break out 突发；爆发 exhaust /i'z:st/ vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽 watch out for 密切注视；当心；提防HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNo one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. However, acc

9、ording to a widely accepted theory,the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. After that,atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.没有人确切地知道地球是如何开始的，就像很久以前发生的那样。然而，根据一种广为接受的理论，宇宙从一个“大爆炸”开始，它把物质抛向各个方向。在那之后，原子开始形成并结合起来形成恒星和其他的身体。For several billion

10、years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly wi

11、th fire and rock. They were in time to producecarbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earthsatmosphere. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.数十亿年来在“大爆炸”后,地球还只是一团尘埃是什么变得不确定,直到4.5至38亿年前,当尘埃落定成固体地球。地球变得如此猛烈，以至于不

12、清楚它的形状是否会持续下去。它以火和岩石大声爆炸。他们及时生产出了碳、氮、水蒸气和其他气体，这些气体是用来制造地球大气层的。更重要的是，随着地球的冷却，水开始出现在地表.Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but unlike the earth, it had disappeared later. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. What many scientists bel

13、ieve is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. This produced achain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.水也曾出现在火星等其他行星上，但与地球不同的是，它后来消失了。水对生命的发展是至关重要的，这一点并不是显而易见的。许多科学家认为，水的持续存在使地球能够将有害的气体和酸溶解到海洋和海洋中。这产生了连锁反

14、应，使生命有可能发展。Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water. They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Next, green plants began to grow on land

15、. They were followed in time by land animals. Some were insects. Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water. Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time. They produced young generallyby laying eggs. After that, some huge animals, ca

16、lled dinosaurs, developed. They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth. These animal

17、s were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.数百万年之后，第一批极其微小的植物开始出现在水面上。它们在海洋和海洋中大量繁殖，使海洋和海洋充满了氧气，从而促进了早期的贝类和各种鱼类的发展。接下来，绿色植物开始在陆地上生长。他们被陆地动物跟踪。有些是昆虫。其他的被称为两栖动物，它们能够生活在陆地上，也可以生活在水里。后来，当这些植物长成森林时，爬行动物第一次出现了。他们通常通过产卵来生产。在

18、那之后，一些巨大的动物，被称为恐龙，发展起来了。他们也在地球上放置了超过1.4亿年的蛋。然而，6500万年前恐龙时代结束了。为什么它们突然消失仍然是个谜。这种消失使得哺乳动物在地球上的崛起成为可能。这些动物不同于以往的所有生命形式，因为它们生下了小动物，并生产了牛奶来喂养它们。Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth. Thus they have, in their turn, be

19、come the most important animals on the planet. But they are not looking after the earth very well. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to l