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1、Unit 7备忘录Memorandum or Memo一、写作技巧一概述备忘录Memorandum or Memo是一种用以备忘的简易公文,是一种正式的专业文件。在公文函件中,它的等级是比拟低的,主要用来提醒、催促对方,或就某个问题提出自己的意见或看法。在业务上,它是各部门书面联系的一种手段,一般用于部传递信息,将实情、 信息、观察资料等进行传阅,一般用来补充正式文件的缺乏。它结构清晰、阅读方便、 传递迅速,经常为公司或团体所使用。大多数备忘录的特点是 简明扼要,但它们同时也应具备优秀应用文的其他写作原那么:面向读者,表达清楚且准确。 备忘录简洁短小,各局部题目虽然看上去有些唐突,但它们可以使

2、读者对事情有个大致了解并快速做出反响。备忘录通常要发送、贴、转寄,也就是说它们要迅速送到很多人手里。粗心就会出错, 其影响会迅速扩大, 为了纠正错误人们往往会写更多的备忘录。备忘录也要归档,这意味着它们将来有一天还会纠缠你。事实上“ mem来自于拉丁语 “ memora ndum,意思是 必须记住的东西。它的容可以分为以下几项:书端Heading收文人的、头衔、地址 Addressee's Name, Title, Address称呼Salutation事因Subject正文Body结束语Complimentary Close署名Sig nature其标准格式如下:Headi ng书端

3、From发文人 Date日期To收文人Subject事由Body正文二写作考前须知1、书端Header/Heading局部包括发文机关的名称、地址、发文日期,有的还包括电 报挂号、电传号、等。许多机关有自己特制的信笺,在写书端时,其格式和标点符号的使用 与一般信件的写法相同。Dear Sir , 对政府官员可2、称呼从左边顶格写起,对一般机关、团体的负责人一般用 用 Sir 。3、在 date, to, from, subject 字样后填上相应的容。Date: 日期,如 September 12, 2005To: 收文人 / 致,如 All FacultyFrom :发文人 /自,如 Jim

4、 B. HardemannSubject: 事由 /由,如 Faculty Meeting日期:要采用正式的全部拼写。因为在有些国家,“12/010/5是指“2005年 12月 1日,而在其他国家却是 “2005 年 1 月 12 日 。致和自:通常省去诸如 “教授或“先生这类头衔。 “自: 后面写你名字的首字母大写, 然后接你的姓。事由:要具体。例如:Date: January 24, 2006To: F. PrefectFrom: A. DentSubject: My Suggested Revisions to the Local Demolition Schedule 日期: 2006

5、年 1月 24日 致: F. 普里费科特 自: A. 邓特由:关于地方撤除方案的建议修订案purpose。采用答复记者问题的方4、在上述字样下面空两行写正文,说明写作原因 式,答复: who,what, when, where and why。5、一般不用称呼和结尾礼词。6、发文人的首字母写在与正文末行空一行的地方。三、经典文 例 1、 Directions: Write a memorandum of about 100 words to the student service department and ask them to fix a telephone for each dormi

6、tory.MEMODate: August 16, 2006To: The leader of student service department From: Li MingSubject: TelephoneDear Sir,I would like to remind you that we are in want of a telephone for each dormitory. As a university student, we need to cope with the daily increasing communications with teachers, friend

7、s and people outside the campus.We need a telephone to get and send message, which is important for us. Though most of us have mobile phones and address, a telephone in the dormitory is after all the most convenient and cheapest tool of communication. I hope that you will pay attention to this probl

8、em and solve it as soon as possible.Regards.Yours,Li Ming备忘录日期 : 2006 年 8 月 16 日 致: 学生效劳部门领导 从: 明 主题: 亲爱的先生 ,我想提醒您 , 我们每一个宿舍都需要一部。 作为大学生 , 我们需要应对日益增多的与老 师、朋友和校外人士的交际。我们需要接收和发送信息 , 这对我们很重要。 尽管我们大多数有 和电子 , 宿舍中的 毕竟是最方便和最廉价的交流工具。我希望您会注意这个问题并予尽快解决。问候。真诚的 , 明例 2、Directions: You are supposed to write a Mem

9、orandum of about 100 words to the leader of the supply section to borrow one more microscope for your biological experiment. It should include:1) Why you need the microscope.2) When you need it.MEMODate: July 12, 2006To: Mr. Gates, leader of the supply sectionFrom: Li Ming of the biological laborato

10、rySubject: MicroscopeDear Sir,I'm a student of biology department and we are badly in need of an extra microscope in order to improve our experimental work.Our experiment will start on Friday, so please issue a microscope to us as soon as possible so that we can prepare better for the experiment

11、.With kind regards.Yours sincerely,Li Ming 注:在写备忘录的时侯,一定要注意它的格式,尤其要在开头写清楚是谁写给谁来备忘的, 用“From: /To两个单词即可。备忘录日期 : 2006 年 7 月 12 日致 : 盖茨先生 , 供给科长 从: 明,生物实验室 主题 : 显微镜 亲爱的先生 ,我是生物系的学生,我们非常需要另外一台显微镜以改良我们的实验工作。 星期五我们的实验将开始 , 所以请尽快配备显微镜以便我们能更好为实验做准备。致以亲切的问候。敬上,明例 3、 Directions: If you are the teacher of the s

12、tudents ' counselor 's office: P. Steelpes, and you have received a letter for requesting for paid education leave from a student. Write him a memo to reply him including details:1) The result of his requirement.2) The reason for rejecting.3) some suggestionsYou should write about 100 words.

13、To: Records SectionFrom: P. Steelpes, Career PlanningSubject: Request for Paid Education LeaveDate: May 22, 2006In response to your request for one year of paid education leave to take a degree in English literature, I have to inform you that we cannot authorize this leave.While we appreciate your d

14、esire to improve your knowledge, we feel that English literature is not directly related to your present position and to the goals of this organization.I am aware of your great interest in literature, and I would like to point out that you could gain advantage to apply for leave without pay.If you n

15、eed another information on the above, do not hesitate to keep touch with me at any time.P. Steelpes注:本篇备忘录的格式很标准。致: 档案科从: P . 斯蒂尔皮斯 , 职业规划主题 : 要求有偿的教育事假日期 : 2006 年 5 月 22 日谨复您的一年有偿的教育事假而取得英语文学学位的请求 , 我必须通知您 , 我们无法批 准这事假。我们赞赏您改良知识的欲望 , 但我们认为 , 英国文学不是直接地与您的当前职位和跟机 构的目标有关。我意识到您对文学有浓厚兴趣 , 我想指出 , 您能申请无薪休

16、假。 如果您需要其它关于上面的信息 , 请随时与我联系。P . 斯蒂尔皮斯例 4、Directions: You are a supervisor of a big company. The chief of operations wants to adopt the“ punc-hin system to increasperoductivity. Write a memo to talk about this:1) Does the“ p-uinnch system benefit the company?2) If the company doesn ' t adopt it,

17、what ewlseedcoanto increase productivity.You should write about 100 words.To: David Green, Chief of OperationsFrom: Tony Party, SupervisorSubject: Comments on the“-i nPuncShystemDate: March. 22, 2006This is further to your memo dated March. 20, 2005, in which you proposed that employees adopt the“ p

18、-uin ch system.I fully agree with you that we must increase productivity. As far as your proposal that if the“ punc-hin system is adopted, we would have a tighter control over the employees is concerned. However, I don' think so. I personally think that, to accomplish this, we should give the em

19、ployees more incentives to work faster. I feel that if we (the supervisors) could meet with you, we could discuss different possibilities to create such incentiveness.Your consideration of this suggestion would be appreciated.Tony Party注:此篇是对一篇备忘录的回复。生产主管认为实行打孔考勤制度(“punchin syste)有利于增加生产效率 ,但督察却不这样认

20、为。 他认为 “should give the employees more incentives to work faster 。致:大卫格林,生产主管从:托尼帕蒂,督察主题 : 关于打孔考勤制度的评论日期: 2006 年 3月 22 日 这是进一步来回复您 2005年 3月 20日的备忘录 , 其中您提议雇员应采取打孔考勤制度。 我完全同意,我们必须增加生产力。就您的提案,如果采取打孔考勤制度, 我们可以更 牢固地控制雇员。但是 , 我并不这样认为。我个人认为 , 为了完成这项工作 , 我们应该给予 雇员更多鼓励使其更快地工作。 我觉得如果我们 (监督员 ) 能和您会面的话 , 我们可以谈

21、论创 造这样鼓励的不同的可能性。我们非常重视您对这个建议的考虑。托尼帕蒂例 5、Directions: You are a manager of administration office naming Vera. M. Bradford. The board of directors have decided to anew the Fitness Center. Write a memo to tell all the employees that: 1) How long will this project be last for?2) Welcome the employees to

22、provide suggestions.You should write about 100 words.To: Every EmployeesFrom: Brian AponteDate: November 18, 2005 Subject: Fitness CenterThe board of directors approved the idea for anew Fitness Center at its meeting yesterday. Work on the Fitness Center will begin right now and should be completed

23、within 90 days. An employee representative from each division will be appointed to determine the type of equipment and programs that will be made available.We are happy to be able to provide a facility that will contribute to the physical fitness of all our employees. Your representative on the task

24、 force will contact you soon for your suggestions about activities and equipment.Brian Aponte Administration Office, Manager注:这是一篇关于公司修建健身中心的备忘录。备忘录中说健身中心工作马上开始而且 “ completedwithin 90 days 。而且希望各部门代表与主办部门联系,征求关于活动和设备的 意见。致: 每个雇员从: 布赖恩 ? 阿庞特 日期 : 2005 年 11 月 18 日 主题 : 健身中心理事会昨天在会议上批准了为健身中心更新设备的建议。 健身

25、中心的更新工作从现在开始,应该在 90 天之完成。每个部门都将有一个雇员代表 来决定设备类型和可用工程。我们非常快乐能提供有助于所有我们雇员的身体健康的设施。 您的工作小组的代表将很 快与您联系,了解您关于活动和设备的建议。布赖恩 ? 阿庞特 管理办公室经理 例 6:考研样题:Directions:You are an active member of the student newspaper. The newspaper is currently looking for a journalist for the summer semester. Write a memo that will

26、 appear in the newspaper next week describing the position available.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.文:Date: October 10, 2005 To: All students From: A. ButtleSubject: Journalist Position Available for the Summer SemesterThe student newspaper is currently looking for a journalist f

27、or the summer semester. Applicants should currently be studying at the university, and should preferably have at least two years ' writing experience.The successful applicant will be expected to write two articles every week on happenings in the city and on campus. The position will commence at

28、the end of May and will last through to the end of August. The salary for the position is negotiable and will be based on experience. If you are interested, please send your resume to the campus newspaper office.日期: 2005 年 10月 10 日致:全体学生 自: A. 巴特尔 事由:夏季学期记者招聘 学生报正在招聘夏季学期的记者。 条件是应聘人应是本校的在校生, 最好至少有两年的

29、 写作经验。被聘者将每周写两篇关于这个城市和校园的报道。 工作是从五月底开始, 一直持续到八 月底。工资待议,且会以其经历为依据。感兴趣者,请把你的简历寄到学校报社。Notes:1. “ remi nd 一词用法比拟多,可以在后面直接接人或宾格,如提醒我"译为“ pleaseremi ndme"。如果提醒某人某事那么用“ remi ndsomebody of someth ing,"也可以在后面加从句,即“ remi nd sb that, “ remi nd还'有一个意思为使想起"同样用“ remi ndof的结构,应注意与提醒某事区分。2.

30、文中的“ badly是'非常的,迫切的意思。3. 短语“in order to同下句的“so tha意思是一样的即:为了,目的是。不同的是前者后接动词原型而后者常跟目的状语从句,类似的短语还有“ in order that,用法与“ so that相同。4. in response to 反响。女口,In response to your inquiry 谨复阁下询问 5. request n. for 要求,请求。如, repeated requests for help 一再请求帮助; make a request for quiet 请求安静。6. be aware of 注意到

31、、留神。e.g. We are not fully aware of the gravity of the situation. 我们十清楚白形势的严重性。7. point out 指出。e.g. point out a mistake 指出错误Can you point out the man you suspect? 你能把你疑心的那个人指出来吗?8. incentive n. 动机,刺激,鼓励。三、常用句型 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS1. There are two problems which I would like to bring to your attention c

32、oncerning the staff changes in my Department.就我部人事变动事宜,我有两个问题向你汇报。2. I would suggest that we approach the workers union and ask Mr. Chen Xing to retire in the new year.我建议与工会联系,劝星明年退休。3. With a view expand business for mutual benefits, A and B have agreed to enter into a costumes joint venture compa

33、ny to be established in October, 2006 in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P. R. China.为扩大业务、互利互惠, A 和 B 经协商,决定于 2006年 1 月在中国建立合资公司。4. The two parties have reached the following understandings: 双方达成以下共识:5. The Board of Directors will be structured according to the ratio of share holding. 董事会组成由双方的股份比例决

34、定。6. An Honorary Chairman is to be selected by A and B in turn. 名誉董事长由 A 和 B 双方轮流担任。7. The period of cooperation is set for ten years. 合同期限为 10 年。8. In addition to reading the instruction book, let us explain the procedures as follows: 除了看说明书外,我们将操作步骤解释如下:9. Your request for reimbursement for travel

35、 expenses for your October 3 to 9 trip to New York is now being processed.你 10 月 3 日至 9 日到纽约市的出差费用报销申请正在审理中。10. We will issue your reimbursement check within three days after receiving the receipts. 我们收到收据后 3 天就会给你开出报销支票。11. Please reserve and prepare Banquet Room L for a luncheon meeting of our sal

36、es supervisors from 12:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. on June 10.请预定和准备好 L 号宴会厅,我们的销售主管在 6 月 10 日中午 12 点到下午 3 点要举行午 餐会议。12. Because we will set sales quotas and plan strategy for next year, please make these arrangements: 因为我们要为明年订好销售额,并制定销售策略,因此请做好如下准备:13. I have reviewed your request to see last quarter 

37、9;s sales records by April 5. 我收到了你要查看 4月 5日前有关上季度销售记录的请求。14. Call me at extension 3333 if you need anything else. 如果你还需要别的什么,请拨打 3333 分机。练 习 ExercisesI. Fill in the blanks with proper words模版填空1.TO: person ' s name, Sales ManagerFROM: person ' s name, Personnel ManagerDATE: DATESUBJECT: Applicants for Sales PostAttached

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