巧用线索法解高考英语完形填空题目

1、.完型填空解题技巧：巧用线索法所谓线索法，指的是根据文章上下文所提供的故事背景和语境线索进行推理和判断，从而确定最佳答案。具体说来有以下几种行之有效的方法。 1.巧用语意转折线索解题 有些句子含有表示转折或对比的连词、副词或副词短语，如but， though， although， instead， however， on the contrary， otherwise等，我们可利用这些暗示来解决问题。有时也可能没有这些词语的出现。如： A formal letter is very different from an informal letter. Formal letters _1_ to

2、 businesses， schools or government offices. _2_ letters are for relatives， or former（以前的） teachers. You may write an informal letter by hand， but you should _3_ a formal letter. 1. A. send B. are written C. write D. are dropped 2. A. Informal B. Formal C. Business D. Relative 3. A. copy B. type C. w

3、rite D. share 解析1. 选B.该句缺少谓语动词，而写信应用被动语态。该句意为“正式书信是写给商业部门、学校”。D虽用了被动，但搭配不当。drop sb a line为“给人写信（短信）”。 2. 选A.前面说的是正式书信，这里说的是写给亲戚、好友或以前的老师的，较随便，即非正式书信。 3. 选B.通过but可知，此处说的是非正式书信与正式书信的写作方式的不同，非正式书信可以手写，但正式书信要正规得多，得打字。2.巧用因果关系线索解题 即根据上下文的因果关系进行推断，从而得出所需答案。如： It was a strange noise that made the man _1_ h

4、is car soon after he left a village _2_ London. He got out of his car and _3_ the wheels（车轮） carefully， but as he found nothing _4_ he continued his way. 1. A. start B. stop C. slow D. speed 2. A. to B. for C. from D. of 3. A. repaired B. examined C. cleaned D. looked 4. A. wrong B. danger C. intere

5、sting D. matter 解析1. 选B.他在去伦敦的路上，一阵奇怪的声音驱使他把车停了下来。这可从He got out of his car推测出来。 2. 选B.leavefor是个固定短语，意为“离开到”。 3. 选B.在听到奇怪的声音后，他停下车来仔细检查轮胎（看看出现了什么问题）。 4. 选A.从下句“他又继续赶路了”可知，“因为他没有发现毛病”。nothing wrong意为“没有毛病”。3.巧用具体示例线索解题 即根据文章中所提供的具体实例进行分析，将与具体示例有关的信息进行优选，将与具体示例无关的信息进行排除，从而便可得出所需答案。如： Every student mus

6、t wear their _1_ when they are at school. There are _2_ items of uniforms： suits， dresses， shorts， skirts and T-shirts. There are also Wasley schoolbags， caps and socks. 1. A. long hair B. thick glassesC. sports shoes D. school uniforms 2. A. much B. three C. many D. a lot 解析1. 选D.本段谈论的是在校生穿校服的事情，而不

7、是穿运动鞋，蓄长发、戴墨镜并不是学校所提倡的。 2. 选C.suits， dresses， shorts， skirts and T-shirts等是服装的个例，前面只有填“校服”才与之相配。 4.巧用同义反义线索解题 Though he is serious in appearance， he never fails to be interesting. Often he is clever， sometimes even _ and gay A. worried B. bright C. discouraging D. friendly 解析从Often he is clever来看，此处

8、话题谈论的是“他的智慧/聪明”，而even一词也暗示此处应填bright，因bright与clever为同义词，均为“聪明”。 As it turned out， my little publication went on to become Student， a national magazine for young people in the U.K. My wife and I have two children， and Id like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad _ me. A. controlled B.

9、 comforted C. reminded D. raised 解析句中的 in the same way 告诉我们，空格处所填动词应与前面的动词 bring up（培养，养育）同义，比较四个选项，答案显然是 D项。5.巧用逻辑顺序线索解题 即根据文章所提供的内容，同时结合一定的生活常识，对所推断的内容进行逻辑推理和逻辑顺序。如： I went to Wasley College with Winnic today. Wasley is a large， old _1_. It has three branch campuses（分校）： Clunes， Glen Waverly and E

10、lasterwick. It has a primary school， a _2_ school and a senior school. So there are twelve grades of _3_ studying there. 1. A. school B. factory C. movie D. hospital 2. A. night B. junior C. high D. spare-time 3. A. workers B. boys C. students D. teachers 解析1. 选A.从下句话It has three branch campuses来看，W

11、asley是一所学校。 2. 选B.从空缺处所在的位置来看，界于primary和senior之间的学校当然属于junior.这就是说是顺序推测出来的。 3. 选C.既然是在此学习，他们当然是students了。 6. 巧用语篇标志线索解题 语篇一般指比单个句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语可称为语篇标志。如：表示结果层次的语篇标志语有firstly， secondly， thirdly， finally等；表示逻辑关系的有thus， therefore， so等；表示改变话题的有by the way等；表示时间关系的有before， so

12、 far， yet， now， later等。在做完形填空题时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。如： First of all， I respected his devotion to teaching_， I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talkFinally， I was attracted by his lively sense of humor. （全国卷） A. Later B. Secondly C. However D.

13、Therefore 解析选B.考生如果注意到了文章上下文中的语篇标志词语first of all 和 finally，再比较四个选项，显然只有选secondly 最恰当。7. 巧用结构对比线索解题 在做完形填空题时，有时会遇到两个结构十分相似的句子，此时同学们应认真比较其结构特点，或根据其相似性推断空格处所填之词，或根据文章的上下文语境判断两个（或几个）相似结构之间的逻辑关系。如： I realized strength and courage arent always measured in medals and victories， but in the struggles we over

14、come（战胜）。 The strongest people are not always the people who win， _ the people who dont give up when they lose. A. or B. nor C. and D. but 解析句中的 the people who win 与 the people who dont give up when they lose 是两个表达十分相似的结构，比较其中的win和lose可知，前后两个结构属对比关系，估计应填but，再结合句中的not，并联想 notbut句式，可以推知，此题最佳答案应选 D. Th

15、e correct water supply forecast is based more on the water from the _ than from the below. （辽宁卷） A. clouds B. sky C. air D. above 解析more fromthan from 是一个明显用于对比的结构，根据后面的the below可知，前面应是 the above，即答案选 D. 8. 巧用语境暗示线索解题 有的空格根据所在句的句意或附近上下文的语境我们无法作出正确的选择，要想作出正确判断，同学们应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。

16、如： Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the _ have made up their minds to ring the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest （抗议） against heavy trucks which run day and night through the narrow High Street. （全国卷） A. college B. village C. town D. church解析选

17、 D.若仅就本句内容来看，此题答案不好选择，但当我们读到文章末尾处的 I mean we are assistant bell ringers for the church时，我们才便可根据其中的 church 一词作出判断。 But then again， would there be a chair in Room 316？ Or would it be a（n） _ room？ A. small B. empty C. new D. neat 解析选 B.若仅从本句来看，似乎四个选项都不错，但要想确定其中的最佳答案，考生应注意到文章后半部分的 But to my surprise， th

18、e room wasnt empty at all！ It had furniture， curtains， a TV， and seven paintings on the walls.这一句。精讲精练一When Sir Winston Churchill, the great British Prime Minister, reached his eightieth birthday in November, 1954, he was presented with his portrait by a well-known modem artist, Graham SutherlanDThe

19、 painting had been ordered and paid for to 1 the Grand Old Man of World War.Sir Winston and Lady Churchill were deeply moved by this 2 of respect and affection. 3 of them, of course, allowed the others to see how much they both disliked the portrait. “It makes me look 4 , which I am not!” protested

20、Churchill in private(私下). 5 , he only remarked that it was fine example of modern art. His friends smileDIt was known that Churchills didn't 6 modern art.Churchill was so unhappy about the portrait that finally his wife had it 7 . Churchill died at ninety in 1965Land Churchill 8 him in 1977Short

21、ly after her death, the public learned what had happened to the 9 , and a heated argument broke out. The painter was 10 saDThe artist community, shocked and 11 , said that the destruction of the picture had been a crime (罪行). Historians said that they regretted the disappearance of a(n) 12 document.

22、 All agreed that Churchills didn't have the 13 to do what they had done.Graham Sutherland had told Churchill that he would 14 him “as he saw him”. Churchill never had a chance to see the work in 15 since the painter 16 to show it to him. He found out only 17 he received his present that Sutherla

23、nd had seen him 18 a heavy, sick, tired old man. Since he hated old age, he was naturally 19 .Who has the right to a work of art, the owner, the donor, or the artist who created it? Was the portrait a good one, as many(including the painter) said? Or was it bad as others thought? None of these quest

24、ions have been answered yet to everybodys 20 .1 Agive Bregard Cpaint Dhonour2 Amark Bpiece Cprize Dtrade3 ANeither BBoth CEither DAll4 Awise Bgentle Cstupid Dhappy5 AFortunately BObviously CStraight DPublicly6 Acare for Blook like Cturn down Dmake up7 Ahidden Bhung Cdestroyed Dreturned8 Amourned Bmi

25、ssed Cfollowed Dburied9 Apainting Bman Cwoman Dartist10Aunderstandably Bunexpectedly Cunreasonably Dunthinkingly11Aafraid Bregretful Ccurious Dangry12Ainteresting Bcolorful Cexpensive Dhistorical13Achance Bright Cpower Dcourage14Ahelp Bobey Cpaint Dshow15Aprogress Bplace Cneed Dsight16Aagreed Bpromi

26、sed Crefused Dhated17Auntil Bwhen Cbefore Dthough18Aas Bto Cabout Dfor19Amoved Bworried Ctired Dhurt20Asurprise Bdisappointment Cdelight Dsatisfaction参考答案及解析15 DAACD 610 ACCAA 1115 DDBCA 1620 CBADD1选D。人们给他画像是为了向这位二战巨人表示敬意。2选A。trade表“交易”，此处用mark表示“标记”，与sign同一含义，如a mark of esteem"表示敬意”。3选A。从句子含义可

27、知选A。夫妇俩谁也没有让别人看出他们的真实心理状态一一他们不喜欢这幅画。4选C。四个选项只有C才能构成让人不喜欢的原因。5选D。这种不满只是在私下说的，在公开场合还是赞美它。6选A。不喜欢现代艺术，上一句已经委婉表达了他的感受。7选C。他妻子把这幅画“毁了”而不“藏起来，还回去”，所以后来引发了下文人们的议论。8选C。邱吉尔夫人十二年之后也随他仙逝，下文说“她死后没多久”。9选A。人们此时得知那幅画的归宿。 10选A。understandably在此时指画家此时感到伤心，这是“可以(被人)理解地”。11选D。与shocked(震惊)一样的强烈情绪是angry。12选D。这句话是历史学家(His

28、torians)说的，因此是考虑其作为“历史文献”的价值。13选B。大家一致认为邱吉尔夫妇没权利这么做。14选C。这是这位画家说的话，他会真实地描述自己眼中的邱吉尔。15选A。从下文可知，直到肖像画好之后邱吉尔才看见这幅画，因此选progress “进展中的作品”。16选C。画家在画的过程中不让他看，这一点下文有提示。17选B。直到收到这幅画后才看见画像中的人是什么样子。18选A。seeas表示“把视为”，用as引出画家眼里的形象。19选D。他憎恨年迈，看见画中自己的模样，自然会觉得受到伤害。20选D。对这些问题,还没有一个使人人满意的回答。精讲精练二It was already late w

29、hen we set out for the next town, 1 according to the map was about fifteen miles away on the other side of the 2 .There we felt 3 that we would find a bed 4 the night. Darkness fell soon after we left the village, but luckily we met 5 as we drove fast along the narrow winding road that 6 the hills.

30、As we climbed 7 , it became colder and rain began to fall, 8 it difficult at times to see the roaDI asked John, my companion, to drive more 9 .After we had traveled for about twenty miles, there was still no sign of the town which was 10 on the map. We were beginning to get 11 . Then without warning

31、 the car stoppeDA quick 12 showed that we had run out of petrol（汽油）. Although we had little food with us, we decided to 13 the night in the car. Our meal was soon over. I tried to go to sleep at once, 14 John, who was a 15 sleeper, got out of the car after a few minutes and went for a walk 16 the hi

32、lls. Soon he came back. From the top of the hill he had seen, in the valley below, the 17 of the town we were looking for. We at once unloaded（卸）all our luggage（行李）and with a great effort（努力）, 18 to push the car to the top of the hill. Then we went back to the luggage, loaded the car again and set o

33、ff down the hill. 19 less than a quarter of an hour we were in the town, where we found a 20 quite easily.1 Awhich Bit Cwhere Dthat2 Arivers Bhills Ctowns Dvillages3 Asurprised Bafraid Cpleased Dsure4 Aat Bin Cthrough Dfor5 Aeverybody Bsomebody Cnobody Danybody6 Agot to Barrived Cled to Dbelonged to

34、7 Ataller Bhigher Clower Dfaster8 Agetting Bthinking Ccausing Dmaking9 Acertainly Bcarefully Cslowly Dsurely10Amarked Bset Cbuilt Ddrawn11Aexcited Bworried Ccold Dwarm12Aattention Boperation Cexamination Dinformation13Aspend Blive Cspare Dstay14Asince Bthough Cso Dbut15Aquick Bfast Cpoor Dheavy16Aac

35、ross Bthrough Cdown Dup17Alights Bmap Cbus Dsituation18Aought Btried Csucceeded Dmanaged19AFor BIn CSince DAt20 Apoliceman Bfriend Chotel Dcinema参考答案及解析15 ABDDC 610 CBDCA 1115 BCADC 1620 DADBC1选A。分析句子结构可知，后面是一个非限制性定语从句，关系代词应用which。2选B。从下文可知，下一个小镇应在“山”的那一边。3选D。天已经很迟了，还出发朝下一个小镇赶，这说明他们“坚信”在那儿能找到住宿的地方。4

36、选D。for the night“过夜”，for表示“为了”。5选C。在一个漆黑的夜晚，在那弯曲狭窄的路上，应该说行车是不走运的，但途中未遇一个行人，就这一点来说还算“幸运”。6选C。lead to 意思为“通向”。7选B。从下文可知，他们的车子是逐渐向山上爬行的，当油用完时，车子已接近山顶。以致John后来散步时不知不觉中就到了山顶。8选D。从词的用法角度可知要用making。9选C。由于看不清路面，所以让同伴开慢些。10选A。依据常识可知，城镇是“标”在地图上的。11选B。开了二十里，仍不见小镇，不免开始“忧虑”起来。12选C。简单“检查”发现油没了，另三项表述不清。13选A。 spend

37、 the night意为“度过夜晚”。14选D。填转折连词but。15选C。从got out of the car看，John不是一个容易睡着的人。16选D。从From the top of the hill可推知，他从车里出来以后是向山顶上走的。17选A。根据常识判断。18选D。ought to （应该）不合语境，succeed后不接to do故应排除，manage和try均表示“设法”，但有细微差别，前者表示设法做成了某事，后者则不一定成功。故本题答案应为D。19选B。 “在不到一刻钟时间内我们就到了镇上”。20选C。从第二段后句子可以推知，他们赶赴那个小镇的目的是为了住宿，所以在到达目的

38、地后很快找到的应是旅馆（hotel）。精讲精练三People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution, from the last time they had a 1 problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without 2 , they try to find a solution by trial or error.

39、 3 , when all of these methods 4 , the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six 5 in analyzing a problem. 6 the person must recognize that these is a problem. For example, Sam's bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must 7 that there is a pr

40、oblem with the bicycle. Next, the person must find the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must 8 the parts that are wrong. Now the person must look for 9 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 10 solutions. For example, suppose Sam

41、decides that his bicycle does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. 11 , he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, talk to his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully. After 12 the problem, the person should have 13 suggestions for a possibl

42、e solution. Take Sam as an example 14 , his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change old ones. In the end, one 15 seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the 16 idea comes quite 17 because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a

43、different way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum (口香糖) stuck to a brake. He 18 hits on the solution to his problem: he must 19 the brake.Finally the solution is 20 . Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.1 Aserious Busual

44、Csimilar Dcommon2 ABesides BInstead COtherwise DHowever4 Afail Bwork Cchange Ddevelop5 Aways Bconditions Cstages Dorders6 AFirst BUsually CIn general DMost importantly7 Aexplain Bprove Cshow Dsee8 Acheckable Bdetermine Ccorrect Drecover9 Aanswers Bskills Cexplanation Dinformation10Apossible Bexact C

45、real Dspecial11AIn other words BOnce in a while CFirst of all DAt this time12Adiscussing Bsettling down Ccomparing with Dstudying13Aextra Benough Cseveral Dcountless14Asecondly Bagain Calso Dalone15Asuggestion Bconclusion Cdecision Ddiscovery16Anext Bclear Cfinal Dnew17Aunexpectedly Blate Cclearly D

46、often18Afortunately Beasily Cclearly Dimmediately19Aclean Bseparate Cloosen Dremove20Arecorded Bcompleted Ctested Daccepted参考答案及解析15 CBDAC 610 ADBDA 1115 DDCBA 1620 CADAC1C。从相似的问题上找解决新问题的办法。2B。without thinking意为不假思索，可根据by trial error判断。3D。表转折。4A。只有所有的方法失败了，才会开始analyze(分析问题)。5C。根据下文可知，人们的分析可分6个阶段或步骤。

47、6A。可根据下文的next，after，in the end阶段或步骤。7D。see此处有understand之意，Sam明白自行车有问题了。8B。第二步要找出问题所在，所以选determine，它是测定、找出的意思，与find out意思相同。9D。 根据下文Sam所做的事情可知，要了解问题的有关情况才能修理，所以选information。10A。 自己去解决问题，首先得到尝试、摸索，才能真正完成，所以possible合适，强调只是可能有效的方法。11D。 此时，这里不存在先后、转折、并列等含义，只需说明在这个阶段，Sam该做的事情。12D。 刚才那个阶段,Sam所做的事情是一些调查研究寻找

48、方法的工作，study有研究之意。13C。A项额外的，B项足够，D项不计其数的。这里需要的是几个不太确定的、可能的解决方法，所以C最合适。14B。 再次以Sam为例。15A。 从上文中的several suggestions可知。16C。 从下文的事例中发现答案。17A。 由于发现了新的情况或用了不同方法去思考，会出现意想不到的结果。18D。 看见口香糖、他当即发现问题所在。19A。 有口香糖，清洗工作是必然的。20C。 方法被尝试。 双向细目表 词法 重点词汇：take for example.精讲精练四The Voice of America began during the World

49、War. When Germany was broadcasting a radio program to get international 1 , American officials believed they should 2 the German broadcast with words that they thought were the facts of world events. The first VOA news report began with words in 3 . “The 4 may be good or bad, but we shall tell you the truth.” Within a week, other VOA 5 were broadcasting in Italian, French and English. After the World Warended in 1945, some Americans felt VOAs 6 had to be