任务型阅读(含答案解析)

1、WORD格式.任务型阅读知识清单一、考点分析任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式,综合考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇结构理解能力。其内容涉及广泛,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间,其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达, 而是在理解文字的基础上 , 完成相应的图表或文字练习 , 从而有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。根据任务类型, 常见题型有以下四种 :1. 完成表格型此类任务型阅读要求我们在理解文本信息的基础上,根据材料提供的直接信息或由我们推理、提炼后的间接信息完成题目要求的任务。其阅读内容更贴近学生的生活实际,任务的设置

2、变化多样,不光有简单信息的捕捉,而且有阅读短文,通过对短文信息的归纳,加工处理,运用语言逻辑推理和思维能力来完成表格。2. 回答问题型此类任务型阅读要求我们根据短文、表格、图片或图文结合的材料回答命题者设定的问题,所设置的任务通过事实或细节的查找就能完成,与普通阅读理解的解题方法相似,只是题目设计采用了主观题形式,没有给出选项,需要我们从材料中寻求信息,以一个完整的句子,或者是其适当的缩略形式作答。从问题所涉及的内容看,考查文本表层理解多于深层理解,其设计的问题多为五W或一般疑问句的细节性问题,而涉及推理判断、文章主旨、写作意图及作者态度、感受等的题目则少之又少。此类题型是学生失分较多的题型之

3、一,要求学生有较扎实的语言基础和较强的综合运用英语的能力。3. 句子还原型还原短文型“阅读理解”题有两种形式:即选择句子还原短文和排列段落还原短文。第一种形式要求考生根据短文内容,从文后所给的句子中选出适当的句子填入短文空白处。第二种形式是给出一篇200300 个词的短文,要求考生根据短文内容和结构,将顺序打乱的段落重新排序,有时首段或尾段的位置已给出。这种题型旨在考查考生对短文整体结构的理解能力 ,要求考生从短文的篇章结构的层面上把握短文,了解其大概意思和结构,分清句子或段落之间的逻辑关系,然后还原成短文的原貌。4. 多元综合型.专业资料整理WORD格式.此类任务型阅读是上述各种题型的综合,

4、可以给出不同的任务让学生逐一完成。一般是在问题设计上兼顾了多种类型,既有根据短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、句型转换等,又有根据内容完成句子,完成这一题型应非常细致,应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息,并且经过整理输出信息。在明白题意和文意的基础上,仔细阅读后面的题目要求,根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。二、解题步骤1. 明确任务。由于题目要求形式多样,在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务,因此解题前要先明确任务 ,做到心中有数。2. 一一对应 , 紧扣原文。即在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分,这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信息,确保答题的准确性。如果是根据英文释义写单词的题,则一定要确保所

5、填的单词来源于原文,切不可脱离原文,随意发挥。3.注意读写结合。任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力,更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词 ,则要注意拼写正确,词形、词性有无变化,是否需要大写;若所要完成的是短语或句子成分 ,则需谨慎对待,依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么样的表达方式,不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。4. 认真检查。完成任务后要重新审视材料,检查所做的答案是否复合要求,同时语言要精练准确。提分策略1. 认真审题 , 读懂题意由于题目要求形式多样,在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务,因此解题前要先明确任务 ,做到心中有数。2. 快速阅读 , 掌握大意

6、在做题时要快速扫视一下文章的大意,然后结合前面的题目的要求,大致明白所要完成的任务。3. 细读题目 , 完成任务在明白题意和文章意思的基础上,仔细阅读后面的题目要求,在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分,这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信息,确保答题的准确性。如果是根据英文专业资料整理WORD格式.专业资料整理WORD格式.释义写单词的题,则一定要确保所填的单词来源于原文,切不可脱离原文,随意发挥。4. 复读文章 , 核实任务在初步完成所要求的任务以后,学生必须再仔细阅读所提供的短文,结合题意、文章和文后提供的任务信息、认真核实任务以保证答题正确。5. 注意读写结合任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层

7、面的能力,更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词 ,则要注意拼写正确,词形、词性有无变化,是否需要大写;若所要完成的是短语或句子成分 ,则需谨慎对待,依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么样的表达方式,不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。总之 ,任务型阅读理解不同于传统的阅读理解,它介于阅读理解与写作之间,教师应该适应新课改的要求,掌握任务型阅读理解的特点,加强学生任务型阅读能力的培养。【例 1 】(2014·江苏镇江·6165)Have you ever asked your relativesor friends ifthereisWi-Fiintheirho

8、uses?Have you ever searchedforWi-Fiwhen you are atrestaurantsor hotels?The answerswillprobably be“ Yes ” . Most of us want Wi-Fieverywhere as ifwe can'tlivewithoutit. But we can only use free Wi-Fi in some public places. We still have to spendsome money accessing( 连接 ) the Internet at most time.

9、 Here comes a piece of good news.A rich,powerful organizationin the USA calledthe Media Development InvestmentFund(MDIF) has decided to change the age of online computing(计算 ) completely bygiving free Wi-Fi to every person on Earth.They will send up hundreds ofsatellitesinto low Earth orbit(轨道 ) in

10、2015.This is because they have made a survey and found that only 60% of the world'spopulationhave been able to get information on the Internet.And this is also becausemany countries are unable to offer people the necessary infrastructure(基础设施 )to access the web.We can expect to use free Wi-Fi ev

11、erywhere in the near future.阅读以上信息,用恰当的词完成下面的表格,每空一词。专业资料整理WORD格式Present situation Many of us want Wi-Fi everywhere as if we can't live.专业资料整理What theorganization will do3WORD格式.without it. Accessing the Internet1us some money. MDIF has made a decision to send up hundreds of satellites into low

12、Earth orbit in 2015 so that forevery personon Earth,therewillbe freeWi-Fi2 . Only 60% of the world's population havebeen able to get information on the Internet. Manycan't4people withthecountriesnecessary infrastructure to accessthe web. Free Wi-Fi will5the worldin thenearWhat we can expectf

13、uture.本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了当下非常流行Wi-Fi。当你到亲戚【主旨大意】的或朋友家或在餐厅或宾馆,都免不了去Wi-是免费的 , 而有的是搜寻Fi,这些里面有的Wi-Fi收费的。令人高兴的是美国一家有实力的组MDIF 到织2015年将为全球的人们提供免费的Wi-Fi 。【答案】We still have to spend some money1. costs根据文章第一段句子“accessing(连接) the Internet at most,所以填time.”可知搜寻网络花很多钱costs 。2.根据文章第二段句子“ (MDIF) has decided to changeag

14、e ofavailabletheonlinecomputing(计算 ) completely by giving free Wi-Fi to everyperson on Earth.”可知在 2015 年 MDIF 将提供免费Wi-Fi,所以说2015 年全球将有免费Wi-Fi的到的可以使用的。可以利用的要 available来表示。3. Reason(s)/Cause(s)根据文章第三段句子“This is because they have made asurvey and found that only 60% of the world's population have b

15、een able to getinformation on the Internet.”中的关键词because 可知 ,这些是MDIF 为人们提供免费Wi-Fi的原因。4. provide根据文章第三段句子“many countries are unableto offer people thenecessary infrastructure(基础设施) to access the web”中的关键词offer可知很多国专业资料整理WORD格式家不能够为人们提供搜寻网络的基础设施。provide sb. withsth.表示“为某人提供某物”。.专业资料整理WORD格式.5.cover/s根

16、据文章最后一段“Wecan expect to use free Wi-Fi everywhere in thenear future.”可知在不久的将来,免费的 Wi-Fi将覆盖全球。cover意为“覆盖”。【例 2 】(2013·山东莱芜)阅读短文 ,根据要求完成下面各小题。A life coachissomebody who helpsyoureachallkindsofpersonalandprofessionalgoals(目标 ).Each of us has the abilityto be our own lifecoach.Hereare some tips for

17、 you: Pay attention to your relationships with othersAsk yourself the following questions:How do you deal withdisagreements? When was the last time you showed your family membersthat you care for them? Your relationships with friends,family membersand teachers show a lot about what kindof person you

18、 are. Face the fears about the futureNow,imagine that one of your good friends told you that he or she was notstrong enough to go back to school. 3We often give better advice than we arewilling totake ourselves. Remember that even the most successful people wereprobably told that what they wanted to

19、 do was impossible,but theyfollowed their dreams and succeed. Develop your talentsIf you want to reachyour goals,youwillhave tospend more timedevelopingthetalentsyoualreadyhave,anduncoveringanyhiddentalentsthatyouhaven'tdiscovered yet. So you can takeclasses in subjects that you are interestedin

20、,evenif you have no experience. Be thankfulTake some time to be thankful for the things you do have. Remember positivememories. 4Think of the best day(s)you have had in the past months or years.Remember专业资料整理WORD格式special parties,vacations and holidays. Appreciate the wonderfulpeople you have in you

21、r life.A. 根据短文内容简要回答问题。1. Which tip do you think influences you most?.专业资料整理WORD格式.2. Why should you pay attention to your relationships with others?B. 将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。3.4.C. 请给短文拟一个适当的标题。5.【主旨大意】 本文主要讲的是我们每个人都是自己的生活导师和如何面对处理生活中的一些问题。【答案】1. Pay attentionto your relationshipswithothers./Facethefearsabo

22、ut the future./Develop your talents. /Be thankful.2.Becauseyour/our/myrelationshipswithothers/friends,familymembers andteachers show a lot about what kind of person you/we are/I am.3.我们经常给别人更好的建议,而自己却不愿接受。4. 想一想在过去的岁月里你拥有的最美好的时光。5. To be your own life coach/Being your own life coach/How to beyour ow

23、n life coach/The tips/suggestions of being your own lifecoach.专项训练Passage 1 (2014·江苏常州)Much meaning can be conveyed(传送 ) withour eyes,so it is often said that eyescan speak.Do you have such kind of experience? In a bus you may look at a stranger,butnot too long. And if he is sensing that he is

24、being stared(盯 ) at,he may feeluncomfortable.The same isin dailylife.Ifyou are lookedat formore than necessary,youwilllook at yourselfup and down to see ifthereisanything wrong withyou.Ifnothinggoes wrong,you will feel angry toward other's stare at you that way. Eyes do专业资料整理WORD格式speak,right?Lo

25、oking too long at someone may seem to be impolite and even rude. But thingsare differentwhen itcomes to stareatthe oppositesex. Ifa man staresata woman.专业资料整理WORD格式.fomore than 10 seconds and refusesturnrtohiseyes away fromthe woman,his purposetois obvious.That is,he wishesattractherattention,tomake

26、 her understandthathe is admiringher.However,theeyetwoduring athanormalcontactforpeopleconversationistthespeakewionlattotrllylookthelistenerfrom t ime time;inorderomake surethatthe listener is paying attention to what the speaker isspeaking,to tell him thathe is interested.looks at you continuously

27、when speaking,as if heIf a speakertries tocontrolyou,yowifeelia说谎longullluncomfortable.A poorr(者 )usually looks tooatthevictim,because he believes that looking straight in the eye is asign of honestcommunication.In fact,continuous eye contact only happens between two lovers,whowill enjoylookinat eac

28、h otherfor atime,tthaexpressggentlylongoshow feelingtwords cannot.Obviously,eye contact should be done according to the relationshipbetween twopeople and the propersituation.Eyes can talk in our daily life. A lot of feelings can beconveyed to otherswith our eyes. There are a lot of factsto prove it.

29、阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入恰当的单词, 每空一词。foYou may feel1ifyou are staredat rmore than necessary.And you wonderif there is anything wrong with you. If not,you willfeel very angry.When staring at the opposite sex:Looking too long at awoman you2meansthat you want to attract her attention. And most oftime,co

30、ntinuous eyecontact isjust for twolovers.When having3with others:If the speaker looks at thealistener at4conversation,iteyeiaduring the'sa normalcontact.If the speakersliar,lookingstraight in the eye too long isn't a sign of honestcommunication.So remember to look at others at5time. If not,i

31、t will maketheothersuncomfortable.专业资料整理WORD格式Passage 2 (2014·湖北鄂州 )Everyone has their dream. They give usand confidencecouragetokeep us going.专业资料整理WORD格式.througdifficult(1)Herrealizhies.eissome advice on how toeour beautiful dreams.Never giving up is the key to making our dreams come true. We

32、 may fail fromtimeto time,but we can learn from failure,correct our mistakes and try againuntil weachievgoalsFordifficultieour .thatreason,nomatterwhateswe meet,we won'tfailwe giveupiswhichis notunlessourhopes. Our lifelikea long journeyallroses.We believe rainbowIt sometimes haswind and rain.wi

33、llappear after storms. (2)Wewill realize our dreams at last if we do our best. Cooperation is alsonecessary.(3)Everyone likes a person who is good at cooperating withothers. (4)除此之外 ,Each of us is like a在我们这个社会里,大多数困难不可能被一个人单独解决。part ofa machine. If one part isn't in order,the machine can't

34、work well. It's hardfora person who is away from the society to have a deep understanding of theworld.Cooperation is becoming one of the most ways for people living in thedevelopingsociety. As a saying“ One tree doesn't make a” At the samegoesforest.time,weleartoexaminehelpshouldnourabilitie

35、sbecause itsus know aboutour advantagesas well asacontrourselvesThen we may beand disadvantagesgetfullolof.confidentenough to faceFollowsuggestionour dreamssurechallenges.thesabove,andaretocome true.1. 把 (1) 处的句子改成复合句。2. 把 (2) 处的句子改成并列句。3. 把 (3) 处的句子译成汉语。4. 把 (4) 处的句子译成英语。5. 写出文章的标题。Passage 3 (2014&

36、#183;江苏东台)Now students'Englishhandwritinggetsworseandworse.Thatmakes their专业资料整理WORD格式teachers feel worried.Is your Englishhandwritingbeautiful?Ifnot,hereare four.专业资料整理WORD格式.steps that really work! Use paper that has linesUsing paper thathas linescan keep you writingstraightwhenyou writeEnglis

37、hwords or sentences.Those lines on the paper can helpyou to writewords inthe rightsize. Be sure to fill the lined space completely. And make sure those capitalletters(大写字母 ) are written properly. Slow downIf your writing is hard to read,try slowing down a little. For some kids,goingslower makes the handwritingclear. If you write too fast,it'shard foryou to stopwhere you should,and even worse,you may make more mistakes. Hold your pencil rightWhen you hold your pencil the corre